PHP ile RSS XML Beslemesi Oluşturma – Örnek Uygulama

RSS, web sitenizdeki en yeni içeriklerin web üzerinde sorunsuz bir şekilde yayınlanmasını sağlar, bunları ayrı ayrı parçalara ayırabilir ve RSS aracılığıyla istediğiniz mecra ile paylaşabilirsiniz. WordPress veya başka bir popüler CMS kullanıyorsanız, kendi RSS sisteminizi bu CMS’ler içerisinde hazır olarak bulabilirsiniz. Buradaki gibi. Ancak özel RSS beslemenizi oluşturmak için de PHP’i kullanabilirsiniz.

O zaman başlayalım.

RSS çıktısını oluşturmak için PHP DOMDocument sınıfını kullanacağım. Çoğu durumda, kayıtları veritabanından almayı ve içeriği RSS beslemesine dönüştürmek isteyeceksiniz, bu makalede tam olarak bunu yapacağız. Bu arada veritabanımız mySQL.

Örnek bir içerik tablosu oluşturalım, içerisine örnek veriler ekleyebilirsiniz.

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `site_contents` (
  `id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `title` VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,
  `content` text NOT NULL,
  `published` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
);

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS `site_contents` (

`id` INT(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

`title` VARCHAR(60) NOT NULL,

`content` text NOT NULL,

`published` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,

PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

);

Veritabanı tablomuz hazır olduktan sonra, PHP DOMDocument kullanarak XML oluşturma kodumuzu yazabiliriz. Önce MySQL veritabanı bilgilerimizi girerek başlıyoruz ve ardından belge üstbilgisi içerik türünü XML olarak ayarlıyoruz, böylece tarayıcılar bunu XML belgesi olarak anlıyor ve uygun bir şekilde işliyorlar.

<?php
$mysql_host = 'localhost'; //host
$mysql_username = 'root'; //username
$mysql_password = ''; //password
$mysql_database = 'test'; //db

header('Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8', true); 
?>

<?php

$mysql_host = 'localhost'; //host

$mysql_username = 'root'; //username

$mysql_password = ''; //password

$mysql_database = 'test'; //db

header('Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8', true);

Aşağıdaki koddaki ikinci satır, yeni bir DOMDocument nesnesi oluşturur; bu nesne, createElement, appendChild vb. Kullanarak XML içeriği oluşturmamıza olanak tanır.

<?php
header('Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8', true); //set document header content type to be XML
$xml = new DOMDocument("1.0", "UTF-8"); // Create new DOM document.
//create "RSS" element
$rss = $xml->createElement("rss"); 
$rss_node = $xml->appendChild($rss); //add RSS element to XML node
$rss_node->setAttribute("version","2.0"); //set RSS version
echo $xml->saveXML();

//output:
//<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
//<rss version="2.0"/>
?>

<?php

header('Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8', true); //set document header content type to be XML

$xml = new DOMDocument("1.0", "UTF-8"); // Create new DOM document.

//create "RSS" element

$rss = $xml->createElement("rss");

$rss_node = $xml->appendChild($rss); //add RSS element to XML node

$rss_node->setAttribute("version","2.0"); //set RSS version

echo $xml->saveXML();

//output:

//<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

//<rss version="2.0"/>

Temel olarak, createElement (), setAttribute (), appendChild () ve saveXML () kullanarak XML belgesi oluşturuyoruz. Kulağa çok kolay geliyor ama düğüm eklemeye başladığınızda biraz karmaşıklaşıyor.
Web siteniz için RSS çıktısı oluşturan evrimleştirilmiş örneği aşağıda paylaşıyorum.

<?php
$mysql_host = 'localhost'; //host
$mysql_username = 'root'; //username
$mysql_password = ''; //password
$mysql_database = 'test'; //db

header('Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8', true); //set document header content type to be XML
$xml = new DOMDocument("1.0", "UTF-8"); // Create new DOM document.

//create "RSS" element
$rss = $xml->createElement("rss"); 
$rss_node = $xml->appendChild($rss); //add RSS element to XML node
$rss_node->setAttribute("version","2.0"); //set RSS version

//set attributes
$rss_node->setAttribute("xmlns:dc","http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"); //xmlns:dc (info http://j.mp/1mHIl8e )
$rss_node->setAttribute("xmlns:content","http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"); //xmlns:content (info http://j.mp/1og3n2W)
$rss_node->setAttribute("xmlns:atom","http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom");//xmlns:atom (http://j.mp/1tErCYX )

//Create RFC822 Date format to comply with RFC822
$date_f = date("D, d M Y H:i:s T", time());
$build_date = gmdate(DATE_RFC2822, strtotime($date_f));

//create "channel" element under "RSS" element
$channel = $xml->createElement("channel");  
$channel_node = $rss_node->appendChild($channel);
 
//a feed should contain an atom:link element (info http://j.mp/1nuzqeC)
$channel_atom_link = $xml->createElement("atom:link");  
$channel_atom_link->setAttribute("href","http://localhost"); //url of the feed
$channel_atom_link->setAttribute("rel","self");
$channel_atom_link->setAttribute("type","application/rss+xml");
$channel_node->appendChild($channel_atom_link); 

//add general elements under "channel" node
$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("title", "Sanwebe")); //title
$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("description", "description line goes here"));  //description
$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("link", "http://www.sanwebe.com")); //website link 
$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("language", "en-us"));  //language
$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("lastBuildDate", $build_date));  //last build date
$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("generator", "PHP DOMDocument")); //generator

//Fetch records from the database
//connect to MySQL - mysqli(HOST, USERNAME, PASSWORD, DATABASE);
$mysqli = new mysqli($mysql_host, $mysql_username, $mysql_password, $mysql_database);

//Output any connection error
if ($mysqli->connect_error) {
    die('Error : ('. $mysqli->connect_errno .') '. $mysqli->connect_error);
}

//MySQL query, we pull records from site_contents table
$results = $mysqli->query("SELECT id, title, content, published FROM site_contents");

if($results){ //we have records 
    while($row = $results->fetch_object()) //loop through each row
    {
      $item_node = $channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("item")); //create a new node called "item"
      $title_node = $item_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("title", $row->title)); //Add Title under "item"
      $link_node = $item_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("link", "http://www.your-site.com/link/goes/here/")); //add link node under "item"
      
      //Unique identifier for the item (GUID)
      $guid_link = $xml->createElement("guid", "http://www.your-site.com/link/goes/here/". $row->id);  
      $guid_link->setAttribute("isPermaLink","false");
      $guid_node = $item_node->appendChild($guid_link); 
     
      //create "description" node under "item"
      $description_node = $item_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("description"));  
      
      //fill description node with CDATA content
      $description_contents = $xml->createCDATASection(htmlentities($row->content));  
      $description_node->appendChild($description_contents); 
    
      //Published date
      $date_rfc = gmdate(DATE_RFC2822, strtotime($row->published));
      $pub_date = $xml->createElement("pubDate", $date_rfc);  
      $pub_date_node = $item_node->appendChild($pub_date); 

    }
}
echo $xml->saveXML();
?>

<?php

$mysql_host = 'localhost'; //host

$mysql_username = 'root'; //username

$mysql_password = ''; //password

$mysql_database = 'test'; //db

header('Content-Type: text/xml; charset=utf-8', true); //set document header content type to be XML

$xml = new DOMDocument("1.0", "UTF-8"); // Create new DOM document.

//create "RSS" element

$rss = $xml->createElement("rss");

$rss_node = $xml->appendChild($rss); //add RSS element to XML node

$rss_node->setAttribute("version","2.0"); //set RSS version

//set attributes

$rss_node->setAttribute("xmlns:dc","http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"); //xmlns:dc (info http://j.mp/1mHIl8e )

$rss_node->setAttribute("xmlns:content","http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/"); //xmlns:content (info http://j.mp/1og3n2W)

$rss_node->setAttribute("xmlns:atom","http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom");//xmlns:atom (http://j.mp/1tErCYX )

//Create RFC822 Date format to comply with RFC822

$date_f = date("D, d M Y H:i:s T", time());

$build_date = gmdate(DATE_RFC2822, strtotime($date_f));

//create "channel" element under "RSS" element

$channel = $xml->createElement("channel");

$channel_node = $rss_node->appendChild($channel);

//a feed should contain an atom:link element (info http://j.mp/1nuzqeC)

$channel_atom_link = $xml->createElement("atom:link");

$channel_atom_link->setAttribute("href","http://localhost"); //url of the feed

$channel_atom_link->setAttribute("rel","self");

$channel_atom_link->setAttribute("type","application/rss+xml");

$channel_node->appendChild($channel_atom_link);

//add general elements under "channel" node

$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("title", "Sanwebe")); //title

$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("description", "description line goes here")); //description

$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("link", "http://www.sanwebe.com")); //website link

$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("language", "en-us")); //language

$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("lastBuildDate", $build_date)); //last build date

$channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("generator", "PHP DOMDocument")); //generator

//Fetch records from the database

//connect to MySQL - mysqli(HOST, USERNAME, PASSWORD, DATABASE);

$mysqli = new mysqli($mysql_host, $mysql_username, $mysql_password, $mysql_database);

//Output any connection error

if ($mysqli->connect_error) {

die('Error : ('. $mysqli->connect_errno .') '. $mysqli->connect_error);

}

//MySQL query, we pull records from site_contents table

$results = $mysqli->query("SELECT id, title, content, published FROM site_contents");

if($results){ //we have records

while($row = $results->fetch_object()) //loop through each row

{

$item_node = $channel_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("item")); //create a new node called "item"

$title_node = $item_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("title", $row->title)); //Add Title under "item"

$link_node = $item_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("link", "http://www.your-site.com/link/goes/here/")); //add link node under "item"

//Unique identifier for the item (GUID)

$guid_link = $xml->createElement("guid", "http://www.your-site.com/link/goes/here/". $row->id);

$guid_link->setAttribute("isPermaLink","false");

$guid_node = $item_node->appendChild($guid_link);

//create "description" node under "item"

$description_node = $item_node->appendChild($xml->createElement("description"));

//fill description node with CDATA content

$description_contents = $xml->createCDATASection(htmlentities($row->content));

$description_node->appendChild($description_contents);

//Published date

$date_rfc = gmdate(DATE_RFC2822, strtotime($row->published));

$pub_date = $xml->createElement("pubDate", $date_rfc);

$pub_date_node = $item_node->appendChild($pub_date);

}

echo $xml->saveXML();

Soru, görüş ve önerileriniz için yorum bölümünü kullanabilirsiniz. Kolaylıklar dilerim.

PHP

Permalink: https://fatihsoysal.com/blog/php-ile-rss-xml-beslemesi-olusturma-ornek-uygulama/

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PHP ile RSS XML Beslemesi Oluşturma – Örnek Uygulama

O zaman başlayalım.

Fatih Soysal