{"id":9082,"date":"2025-01-09T14:30:14","date_gmt":"2025-01-09T11:30:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/"},"modified":"2025-01-09T14:30:14","modified_gmt":"2025-01-09T11:30:14","slug":"lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/","title":{"rendered":"LSP: Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi &#8211; Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Tasar\u0131mda Temel Prensip"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>LSP: Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi &#8211; Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Tasar\u0131mda Temel Prensip<\/p>\n<p>Merhaba!  Fatih Soysal olarak, bug\u00fcn sizlerle nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlaman\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi (LSP) hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bir makale payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131m.  Bu prensip, SOLID prensiplerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olup,  yaz\u0131l\u0131m tasar\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, esnekli\u011fini ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiler.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle, LSP&#8217;nin ne oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m.  Barbara Liskov taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mlanan bu prensip,  bir alt s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n (t\u00fcretilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f) her zaman \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n (taban s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131) yerine kullan\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle,  alt s\u0131n\u0131f, \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n t\u00fcm davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 korumal\u0131 ve beklenmedik bir durum olu\u015fturmamal\u0131d\u0131r.  Bu durum, \u00f6zellikle polimorfizm kullan\u0131rken b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>LSP&#8217;nin \u00d6nemi ve Uygulama \u00d6rnekleri<\/h2>\n<p>Peki, LSP&#8217;nin ihlali ne gibi sorunlara yol a\u00e7ar?  E\u011fer bir alt s\u0131n\u0131f,  \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini ihlal ederse,  sistemimizde beklenmedik davran\u0131\u015flar ve hatalar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir.  Bu da kodumuzun daha karma\u015f\u0131k, daha az s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir ve hata ay\u0131klamas\u0131 zor hale gelmesine neden olur.  \u00d6rne\u011fin,  bir ku\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131m\u0131z oldu\u011funu ve bu s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n  &#8220;u\u00e7&#8221;  metoduna sahip oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim.  Penguins alt s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ku\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Ancak penguenler u\u00e7amaz.  Bu durumda,  penguen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;u\u00e7&#8221; metodunu do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde  implemente etmesi gerekmektedir,  aksi halde LSP ihlal edilir.  Bu durum,  \u00f6rne\u011fin,  bir &#8220;u\u00e7&#8221; fonksiyonunun \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm durumlarda beklenmedik hatalara veya beklenmedik bir sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n<p>LSP&#8217;yi do\u011fru uygulamak i\u00e7in,  alt s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n s\u00f6zle\u015fmesini geni\u015fletmesi,  daraltmamas\u0131 gerekir.  Bu,  alt s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n metodlar\u0131n\u0131 override ederken,  beklenmedik davran\u0131\u015flar sergilememesi gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.  \u00dcst s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n metodlar\u0131n\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek yerine,  yeni davran\u0131\u015flar eklemek daha uygundur.   Yani,  \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131ftaki davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 kalmas\u0131 olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h2>LSP ve SOLID Prensipleri<\/h2>\n<p>LSP,  SOLID prensiplerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve di\u011fer prensiplerle birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak,  yaz\u0131l\u0131m tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kalitesini art\u0131r\u0131r.  LSP&#8217;nin di\u011fer SOLID prensipleriyle olan etkile\u015fimi, yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n daha mod\u00fcler, daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve daha bak\u0131m\u0131 kolay olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.  Bu durum \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k yaz\u0131l\u0131m projelerinde daha da belirginle\u015fir.  \u0130yi bir tasar\u0131m,  bak\u0131m\u0131 kolay ve daha az hata i\u00e7eren bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m demektir,  burada LSP b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rol oynar.<\/p>\n<h2>Kod \u00d6rne\u011fi (C#)<\/h2>\n<pre><code class=\"language-csharp\">\n\/\/ \u00dcst S\u0131n\u0131f\npublic class Ku\u015f\n{\n    public virtual void U\u00e7()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(\"Ku\u015f u\u00e7uyor.\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ Alt S\u0131n\u0131f (LSP'ye uygun)\npublic class Kartal : Ku\u015f\n{\n    public override void U\u00e7()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(\"Kartal y\u00fckseklerde u\u00e7uyor.\");\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ Alt S\u0131n\u0131f (LSP'yi ihlal eden)\npublic class Penguen : Ku\u015f\n{\n    public override void U\u00e7()\n    {\n        Console.WriteLine(\"Penguen u\u00e7am\u0131yor.\"); \/\/Beklenmedik Davran\u0131\u015f\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte,  Kartal s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 LSP&#8217;ye uygundur,  \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ku\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n &#8220;u\u00e7&#8221; metodunu geni\u015fletmi\u015ftir.  Ancak Penguen s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131,  &#8220;u\u00e7&#8221; metodunu beklenmedik bir \u015fekilde implemente ederek LSP&#8217;yi ihlal etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 olarak,  Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi,  sa\u011flam ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.  Bu prensibi uygulamak,  kodumuzun daha okunabilir, daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve daha az hata i\u00e7ermesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\">fatihsoysal.com<\/a> adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.  Ayr\u0131ca, konu ile ilgili daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in  <a href=\"https:\/\/dev.to\/thrsouza\/lsp-o-principio-de-substituicao-de-liskov-3dcf\">bu \u0130ngilizce makaleye<\/a> de g\u00f6z atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h2>#Etiketler<\/h2>\n<p>LSP, Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi, SOLID, Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlama, OOP, Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Tasar\u0131m\u0131, Polimorfizm,  Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Mimarisi,  Kaliteli Kod,  S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Yaz\u0131l\u0131m<\/p>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"LSP: Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi &#8211; Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Tasar\u0131mda Temel Prensip Merhaba! Fatih Soysal olarak, bug\u00fcn sizlerle nesne&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-9082","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>LSP: Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi - Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Tasar\u0131mda Temel Prensip<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Merhaba! Fatih Soysal olarak, bug\u00fcn sizlerle nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlaman\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi (LSP) hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bir makale payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. Bu prensip, SOLID prensiplerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olup, yaz\u0131l\u0131m tasar\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, esnekli\u011fini ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiler.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"LSP: Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi - Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Tasar\u0131mda Temel Prensip\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Merhaba! Fatih Soysal olarak, bug\u00fcn sizlerle nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlaman\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi (LSP) hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bir makale payla\u015faca\u011f\u0131m. Bu prensip, SOLID prensiplerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olup, yaz\u0131l\u0131m tasar\u0131m\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, esnekli\u011fini ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkiler.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-01-09T11:30:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"LSP: Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi &#8211; Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Tasar\u0131mda Temel Prensip\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-09T11:30:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/\"},\"wordCount\":653,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/lsp-liskov-yerine-gecme-prensibi-nesne-yonelimli-tasarimda-temel-prensip\/\",\"name\":\"LSP: Liskov Yerine Ge\u00e7me Prensibi - Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Tasar\u0131mda Temel Prensip\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-01-09T11:30:14+00:00\",\"description\":\"Merhaba! 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