{"id":41062,"date":"2026-03-03T06:40:44","date_gmt":"2026-03-03T03:40:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=41062"},"modified":"2026-03-03T06:40:44","modified_gmt":"2026-03-03T03:40:44","slug":"ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/","title":{"rendered":"Ubuntu’da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Ubuntu’da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber<\/h2>\n

Giri\u015f<\/h3>\n

Ubuntu gibi Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131nda, yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde “depolar” (repositories) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Depolar, i\u015fletim sisteminizin ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kurulumu, g\u00fcncellenmesi ve kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan paketleri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran merkezi sunuculard\u0131r. Bu depolar sayesinde, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar yaz\u0131l\u0131mlara g\u00fcvenli ve kolay bir \u015fekilde eri\u015febilirler. Ancak bazen, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131kla veya bilerek ekledi\u011fi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf depolar (\u00f6zellikle Ki\u015fisel Paket Ar\u015fivleri – PPA’lar), bozuk yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131, hatal\u0131 URL’ler veya sistem g\u00fcncellemeleri s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fan sorunlar nedeniyle depolar\u0131n varsay\u0131lan ayarlar\u0131 bozulabilir. Bu durum, “apt update” komutunun ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131na, yeni yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n y\u00fcklenememesine veya mevcut yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n g\u00fcncellenememesine yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n

Depo sorunlar\u0131, sistem kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini do\u011frudan etkileyebilir. G\u00fcvenilir olmayan bir depodan gelen bir paket, sisteminize zarar verebilir veya g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131na neden olabilir. Bu nedenle, Ubuntu sisteminizde depo sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, varsay\u0131lan ve g\u00fcvenilir depolara geri d\u00f6nmek kritik bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. Bu makale, Ubuntu’da varsay\u0131lan depolar\u0131 nas\u0131l geri y\u00fckleyece\u011finizi ad\u0131m ad\u0131m, kapsaml\u0131 ve teknik detaylarla a\u00e7\u0131klayacakt\u0131r. Amac\u0131m\u0131z, hem yeni ba\u015flayanlar\u0131n hem de deneyimli kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n bu s\u00fcreci g\u00fcvenle tamamlamalar\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Ubuntu Depo Yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 Anlamak<\/h3>\n

Ubuntu’da depolar\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak, sorunlar\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in ilk ad\u0131md\u0131r. Depo yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 genellikle iki ana dosyada veya dizinde bulunur:<\/p>\n

sources.list Dosyas\u0131 ve Konumu<\/h4>\n

Ana depo yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 \/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/code> konumunda bulunur. Bu dosya, Ubuntu’nun resmi depolar\u0131n\u0131 ve sistemin temel yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 nereden alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlar. Her bir sat\u0131r, belirli bir depoyu, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve bile\u015fenlerini (main, restricted, universe, multiverse) belirtir.<\/p>\n

sources.list.d Dizini ve Amac\u0131<\/h4>\n

\/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/<\/code> dizini, genellikle \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf depolar\u0131 ve PPA’lar\u0131 (Personal Package Archives) bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu dizindeki her bir .list<\/code> dosyas\u0131, genellikle belirli bir PPA’ya veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf yaz\u0131l\u0131m kayna\u011f\u0131na ait depo bilgilerini i\u00e7erir. Bu yap\u0131, ana sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 temiz tutarken, ek depolar\u0131n kolayca y\u00f6netilmesini sa\u011flar. Sorunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu genellikle bu dizindeki hatal\u0131 veya eski PPA’lardan kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Depo Sat\u0131rlar\u0131n\u0131n Bile\u015fenleri<\/h4>\n

Bir depo sat\u0131r\u0131 genellikle \u015fu formatta olur:
\ndeb http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse<\/code><\/p>\n

* deb<\/code> veya deb-src<\/code>:<\/strong>
\n * deb<\/code>: \u0130kili paketleri (kurulum i\u00e7in derlenmi\u015f yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar) i\u00e7erir. \u00c7o\u011fu kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in bu yeterlidir.
\n * deb-src<\/code>: Kaynak kod paketlerini i\u00e7erir. Geli\u015ftiriciler veya kendi yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 derlemek isteyenler i\u00e7in faydal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n* URL:<\/strong> Deponun adresidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/<\/code> resmi Ubuntu depolar\u0131n\u0131n ana adresidir. \u00dclkeye \u00f6zel yans\u0131lar (mirrors) da kullan\u0131labilir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, tr.archive.ubuntu.com<\/code>).
\n* Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m Ad\u0131:<\/strong> Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kod ad\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS i\u00e7in jammy<\/code>, 20.04 LTS i\u00e7in focal<\/code>, 18.04 LTS i\u00e7in bionic<\/code> gibi. Bu ad\u0131 lsb_release -cs<\/code> komutu ile \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz.
\n* Bile\u015fenler:<\/strong> Deponun hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinin kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir.
\n * main<\/code>:<\/strong> Ubuntu taraf\u0131ndan resmi olarak desteklenen ve \u00fccretsiz\/a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.
\n * restricted<\/code>:<\/strong> Ubuntu taraf\u0131ndan resmi olarak desteklenen, ancak a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 olmayan (\u00f6rne\u011fin, baz\u0131 grafik kart\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcleri gibi) yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.
\n * universe<\/code>:<\/strong> Topluluk taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen, \u00fccretsiz\/a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Ubuntu taraf\u0131ndan resmi olarak desteklenmez.
\n * multiverse<\/code>:<\/strong> Yasal veya telif hakk\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 nedeniyle “\u00f6zg\u00fcr” kabul edilmeyen, ancak yine de kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 olabilen yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Ubuntu taraf\u0131ndan resmi olarak desteklenmez.<\/p>\n

Bu bile\u015fenleri anlamak, sources.list<\/code> dosyan\u0131zdaki her bir sat\u0131r\u0131n ne anlama geldi\u011fini ve sisteminize ne t\u00fcr yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n eklendi\u011fini kavraman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h3>\n

Depolar\u0131 geri y\u00fcklemenin birden fazla yolu vard\u0131r. En g\u00fcvenli ve etkili y\u00f6ntemleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da detayl\u0131ca a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Y\u00f6ntem 1: sources.list Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 Elle D\u00fczenleme<\/h4>\n

Bu y\u00f6ntem, sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 manuel olarak d\u00fczenleyerek varsay\u0131lan depo i\u00e7eri\u011fini yeniden olu\u015fturmay\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Genellikle en g\u00fcvenilir y\u00f6ntemdir, \u00f6zellikle sources.list<\/code> dosyan\u0131z ciddi \u015fekilde bozulmu\u015fsa.<\/p>\n

\u00d6NEML\u0130: Yedekleme Ad\u0131m\u0131<\/h5>\n

Herhangi bir sistem dosyas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden \u00f6nce, mevcut yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131n bir yede\u011fini almak hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu, bir hata durumunda kolayca geri d\u00f6nmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

sudo cp \/etc\/apt\/sources.list \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.bak\nsudo cp -r \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d.bak<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, sources.list<\/code> dosyan\u0131z\u0131n ve sources.list.d<\/code> dizininin bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur. sources.list.bak<\/code> ve sources.list.d.bak<\/code> isimleriyle kaydedilirler.<\/p>\n
Ubuntu S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Belirleme<\/h5>\n
Do\u011fru varsay\u0131lan depo i\u00e7eri\u011fini alabilmek i\u00e7in Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn kod ad\u0131n\u0131 bilmeniz gerekir. Terminalde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00f6\u011frenebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
lsb_release -cs<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, Ubuntu 22.04 LTS i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 jammy<\/code> olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Varsay\u0131lan sources.list \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fini Bulma<\/h5>\n
Varsay\u0131lan sources.list<\/code> i\u00e7eri\u011fi Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcze g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir. En do\u011fru i\u00e7eri\u011fi bulmak i\u00e7in:
\n1.  Resmi Ubuntu Belgeleri:<\/strong> Ubuntu’nun resmi wiki veya belgelerinde genellikle her s\u00fcr\u00fcm i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan sources.list<\/code> i\u00e7eri\u011fi bulunur.
\n2.  Yeni Bir Kurulumdan \u00d6rnek Alma:<\/strong> E\u011fer ayn\u0131 Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne sahip \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ba\u015fka bir makineniz varsa, onun \/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 kopyalayabilirsiniz.
\n3.  A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00d6rne\u011fi Kullanma:<\/strong> En yayg\u0131n LTS s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinden biri olan Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan sources.list<\/code> i\u00e7eri\u011fi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir. Kendi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m kod ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, focal<\/code> veya bionic<\/code>) jammy<\/code> yerine koyarak di\u011fer s\u00fcr\u00fcmler i\u00e7in uyarlayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Ubuntu 22.04 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish) i\u00e7in \u00d6rnek sources.list<\/code> \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi:<\/strong><\/p>\n
# Ana Ubuntu Depolar\u0131\ndeb http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse\ndeb http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse\n\n
G\u00fcvenlik G\u00fcncellemeleri<\/h2>\ndeb http:\/\/security.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse\n\n
Kaynak kod depolar\u0131 (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131, genellikle deb-src ile birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r)<\/h2>\n
deb-src http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse<\/h2>\n
deb-src http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse<\/h2>\n
deb-src http:\/\/archive.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse<\/h2>\n
deb-src http:\/\/security.ubuntu.com\/ubuntu\/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/h2>\n
Not:<\/strong> #<\/code> ile ba\u015flayan sat\u0131rlar yorum sat\u0131rlar\u0131d\u0131r ve APT taraf\u0131ndan yok say\u0131l\u0131r. deb-src<\/code> sat\u0131rlar\u0131 genellikle varsay\u0131lan olarak devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r, ancak isterseniz yorum i\u015faretini kald\u0131rarak etkinle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Dosyay\u0131 D\u00fczenleme<\/h5>\n
Terminalde nano<\/code> veya vim<\/code> gibi bir metin d\u00fczenleyici kullanarak sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u00e7\u0131lan dosyada mevcut t\u00fcm i\u00e7eri\u011fi silin (Ctrl+K tu\u015flar\u0131na basarak sat\u0131rlar\u0131 silebilirsiniz) ve yukar\u0131daki varsay\u0131lan i\u00e7eri\u011fi yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi Yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve Kaydetme<\/h5>\n
\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra dosyay\u0131 kaydedin (Nano’da Ctrl+O, Enter, ard\u0131ndan Ctrl+X).<\/p>\n
Depolar\u0131 G\u00fcncelleme<\/h5>\n
sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdikten sonra, sistemin yeni depo bilgilerini almas\u0131 i\u00e7in APT paket listesini g\u00fcncellemeniz gerekir:<\/p>\n
sudo apt update<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut herhangi bir hata vermeden tamamlan\u0131rsa, depolar\u0131n\u0131z ba\u015far\u0131yla geri y\u00fcklenmi\u015f demektir.<\/p>\n
Sistemi Y\u00fckseltme (\u0130ste\u011fe Ba\u011fl\u0131 ama \u00d6nerilen)<\/h5>\n
Depolar\u0131 g\u00fcncelledikten sonra, sisteminizdeki t\u00fcm paketleri en son s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine y\u00fckseltmek iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r:<\/p>\n
sudo apt upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n
Y\u00f6ntem 2: Yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve G\u00fcncelle\u015ftirmeler (Software & Updates) GUI Arac\u0131n\u0131 Kullanma<\/h4>\n
Ubuntu’nun grafik aray\u00fcz\u00fc, depo ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131 dostu bir ara\u00e7 sunar. Bu y\u00f6ntem, \u00f6zellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapmak veya PPA’lar\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1.  Arac\u0131 A\u00e7ma:<\/strong> “Etkinlikler” (Activities) men\u00fcs\u00fcnden “Yaz\u0131l\u0131m ve G\u00fcncelle\u015ftirmeler” (Software & Updates) uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 aray\u0131p a\u00e7\u0131n.
\n2.  “Ubuntu Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131” Sekmesi:<\/strong> Bu sekmede, main<\/code>, restricted<\/code>, universe<\/code> ve multiverse<\/code> depolar\u0131n\u0131n etkin oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Genellikle varsay\u0131lan olarak hepsi i\u015faretlidir. E\u011fer bir sorun varsa, eksik olanlar\u0131 i\u015faretleyip kapat\u0131n. Sistem sizden depolar\u0131 yeniden y\u00fcklemenizi isteyecektir.
\n3.  “Di\u011fer Yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar” Sekmesi:<\/strong> Bu sekme, \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/<\/code> dizinindeki t\u00fcm \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf depolar\u0131 ve PPA’lar\u0131 listeler. Sorunlu oldu\u011funa inand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z veya art\u0131k kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z t\u00fcm PPA’lar\u0131n i\u015faretini kald\u0131rabilir veya “Kald\u0131r” (Remove) d\u00fc\u011fmesini kullanarak tamamen silebilirsiniz. Ancak, bu i\u015flem PPA’n\u0131n anahtar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rmaz, sadece depo girdisini kald\u0131r\u0131r. Tamamen kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Y\u00f6ntem 3’\u00fc kullanmak daha iyidir.
\n4.  “G\u00fcncellemeler” Sekmesi:<\/strong> Burada, sistemin hangi t\u00fcr g\u00fcncellemeleri (g\u00fcvenlik, \u00f6nerilen vb.) kontrol edece\u011fini ve ne s\u0131kl\u0131kla kontrol edece\u011fini ayarlayabilirsiniz. Varsay\u0131lan ayarlar genellikle “G\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri”, “\u00d6nerilen g\u00fcncellemeler” ve “Desteklenmeyen g\u00fcncellemeler”in i\u015faretli olmas\u0131d\u0131r.
\n5.  “\u015euradan \u0130ndir” Se\u00e7ene\u011fi:<\/strong> “Ubuntu Yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131” sekmesinde, “\u015euradan \u0130ndir” (Download from) a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r men\u00fcs\u00fcnden “Ana Sunucu” (Main Server) se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7erek, \u00fclkeye \u00f6zel bir yans\u0131 yerine genel Ubuntu sunucusunu kullanabilirsiniz. Bu, yans\u0131larla ilgili olas\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rabilir.
\n6.  De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri Uygulama:<\/strong> Herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131ktan sonra, “Kapat” (Close) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda sistem sizden depo bilgilerini yeniden y\u00fcklemenizi isteyecektir. “Yeniden Y\u00fckle” (Reload) se\u00e7ene\u011fini t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u00f6ntem, genellikle sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131n kendisi \u00e7ok fazla bozulmam\u0131\u015fsa ve sorun daha \u00e7ok PPA’lardan veya yans\u0131 se\u00e7iminden kaynaklan\u0131yorsa etkilidir.<\/p>\n
Y\u00f6ntem 3: PPAlar\u0131 ve \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Taraf Depolar\u0131 Kald\u0131rma<\/h4>\n
sources.list.d<\/code> dizinindeki PPA’lar genellikle depo sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n ana kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Bu PPA’lar\u0131 kald\u0131rmak, varsay\u0131lan depo yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131na geri d\u00f6nmenin \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1.  sources.list.d<\/code> Dizinindeki Dosyalar\u0131 \u0130nceleme:<\/strong><\/p>\n
ls \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komut, dizindeki t\u00fcm .list<\/code> dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 listeleyecektir. Her dosya genellikle bir PPA’ya veya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf depoya aittir.<\/p>\n
2.  add-apt-repository --remove<\/code> Komutu ile PPA Kald\u0131rma:<\/strong>
\n    Bu, bir PPA’y\u0131 kald\u0131rman\u0131n en temiz yoludur, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc hem depo girdisini kald\u0131r\u0131r hem de PPA’ya ait GPG anahtar\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:kullanici\/ppa-adi<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u00d6rne\u011fin, ppa:graphics-drivers\/ppa<\/code> adl\u0131 bir PPA’y\u0131 kald\u0131rmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo add-apt-repository --remove ppa:graphics-drivers\/ppa<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komutu, \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/<\/code> dizininde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz her PPA i\u00e7in tekrarlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
3.  sources.list.d<\/code> Dizinindeki Dosyalar\u0131 Manuel Silme (D\u0130KKAT!):<\/strong>
\n    E\u011fer \u00e7ok say\u0131da PPA varsa veya add-apt-repository<\/code> komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yorsa, yedekleme yapt\u0131ktan sonra bu dizindeki t\u00fcm .list<\/code> dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 manuel olarak silebilirsiniz. Bu i\u015flem geri al\u0131namaz, bu y\u00fczden yedekleme yapmak kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/strong><\/p>\n
# \u00d6nce yedekleme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun!\n    sudo rm \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/*.list<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komut, sources.list.d<\/code> dizinindeki t\u00fcm .list<\/code> uzant\u0131l\u0131 dosyalar\u0131 siler. Bu, t\u00fcm \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf depolar\u0131n\u0131 ve PPA’lar\u0131 temizler.<\/p>\n
4.  Kald\u0131rma Sonras\u0131 Depolar\u0131 G\u00fcncelleme:<\/strong>
\n    PPA’lar\u0131 kald\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, APT’nin yeni depo yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mas\u0131 i\u00e7in listeyi g\u00fcncellemelisiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo apt update<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu ad\u0131m, kald\u0131r\u0131lan depolarla ilgili “Failed to fetch” veya “NO_PUBKEY” hatalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Y\u00f6ntem 4: Yedekten Geri D\u00f6nme<\/h4>\n
E\u011fer depo sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015famaya ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce bir yedekleme yapm\u0131\u015fsan\u0131z (Y\u00f6ntem 1’deki gibi), bu en h\u0131zl\u0131 ve en kolay geri y\u00fckleme y\u00f6ntemidir.<\/p>\n
1.  Yedek Dosyalar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo cp \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.bak \/etc\/apt\/sources.list\n    sudo cp -r \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d.bak \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komutlar, daha \u00f6nce olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz yedek dosyalar\u0131 ve dizinleri orijinal konumlar\u0131na geri kopyalar.<\/p>\n
2.  Depolar\u0131 G\u00fcncelleme:<\/strong>
\n    Yedekleri geri y\u00fckledikten sonra, sistemin yeni yap\u0131land\u0131rmay\u0131 tan\u0131mas\u0131 i\u00e7in depolar\u0131 g\u00fcncelleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo apt update<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu y\u00f6ntem, \u00f6zellikle bir PPA ekledikten veya sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapt\u0131ktan hemen sonra sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ysa \u00e7ok etkilidir.<\/p>\n
Geri Y\u00fckleme Sonras\u0131 Ad\u0131mlar ve Sorun Giderme<\/h3>\n
Depolar\u0131 geri y\u00fckledikten sonra, sisteminizin tamamen i\u015flevsel oldu\u011fundan emin olmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ek ad\u0131mlar atman\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
Geri Y\u00fckleme Sonras\u0131 Temel Komutlar<\/h4>\n
1.  sudo apt update<\/code>:<\/strong> Her zaman ilk ad\u0131md\u0131r. Depo listelerini g\u00fcnceller.
\n2.  sudo apt upgrade<\/code>:<\/strong> Sisteminizdeki t\u00fcm y\u00fckl\u00fc paketleri en son s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine y\u00fckseltir.
\n3.  sudo apt dist-upgrade<\/code>:<\/strong> Yeni ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar ekleyebilecek veya mevcutlar\u0131 kald\u0131rabilecek daha \u00f6nemli paket y\u00fckseltmelerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Bu, \u00f6zellikle Ubuntu’nun ana s\u00fcr\u00fcm y\u00fckseltmeleri veya \u00e7ekirdek paketlerdeki b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden sonra \u00f6nemlidir.
\n4.  sudo apt autoremove<\/code>:<\/strong> Art\u0131k ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmayan veya kald\u0131r\u0131lan uygulamalara ait ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k paketlerini temizler. Bu, disk alan\u0131ndan tasarruf sa\u011flar.
\n5.  sudo apt clean<\/code>:<\/strong> \u0130ndirilen paket dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n yerel \u00f6nbelle\u011fini temizler. Bu, bazen bozuk indirmelerden kaynaklanan “Hash Sum mismatch” hatalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zebilir.<\/p>\n
S\u0131k Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan Hatalar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h4>\n
Depo geri y\u00fckleme i\u015fleminden sonra veya genel olarak depo y\u00f6netimi s\u0131ras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011finiz baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n hatalar ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri:<\/p>\n
*   “Failed to fetch” veya “Could not resolve host”:<\/strong>
\n    *   Neden:<\/strong> Genellikle a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 sorunlar\u0131, yanl\u0131\u015f DNS ayarlar\u0131 veya depo URL’sinin yanl\u0131\u015f yaz\u0131lmas\u0131\/eri\u015filemez olmas\u0131.
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> \u0130nternet ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kontrol edin. DNS sunucular\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Google DNS 8.8.8.8 veya Cloudflare DNS 1.1.1.1 kullanmay\u0131 deneyin). sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131ndaki URL’lerin do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n*   “GPG error” veya “NO_PUBKEY”:<\/strong>
\n    *   Neden:<\/strong> Depolar, paketlerin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve orijinalli\u011fini do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in GPG anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Bu anahtarlar eksik veya yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funda bu hata olu\u015fur. Genellikle \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf PPA’lar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131rken veya eklerken ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Varsay\u0131lan Ubuntu depolar\u0131n\u0131n anahtarlar\u0131 genellikle sistemde mevcuttur.
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Hata mesaj\u0131nda belirtilen anahtar kimli\u011fini (\u00f6rne\u011fin, 1234ABCD<\/code>) kullanarak eksik anahtar\u0131 eklemeyi deneyin.<\/p>\n
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 1234ABCD<\/code><\/pre>\n
        Not:<\/strong> apt-key<\/code> komutu eski bir y\u00f6ntemdir ve modern Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinde \u00f6nerilmez. Yeni y\u00f6ntemler genellikle PPA’y\u0131 eklerken anahtar\u0131 otomatik olarak y\u00f6netir veya anahtar\u0131 \/etc\/apt\/trusted.gpg.d\/<\/code> dizinine .gpg<\/code> dosyas\u0131 olarak eklemeyi gerektirir. E\u011fer bir PPA eklerken bu hatay\u0131 al\u0131yorsan\u0131z, PPA’n\u0131n resmi web sitesindeki talimatlar\u0131 izleyin. Varsay\u0131lan depolar i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcr bir hatayla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fman\u0131z pek olas\u0131 de\u011fildir.
\n*   “Release file not found”:<\/strong>
\n    *   Neden:<\/strong> sources.list<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda yanl\u0131\u015f bir da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ad\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, jammy<\/code> yerine jammie<\/code>) veya yanl\u0131\u015f bir depo URL’si belirtilmi\u015f olabilir.
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> sources.list<\/code> dosyan\u0131z\u0131 kontrol edin ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m ad\u0131n\u0131n (lsb_release -cs<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 olmal\u0131) ve depo URL’lerinin do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n*   “Hash Sum mismatch”:<\/strong>
\n    *   Neden:<\/strong> \u0130ndirilen paket dosyas\u0131 bozuk olabilir veya sunucudaki paket ile yerel olarak indirilen paket aras\u0131nda bir tutars\u0131zl\u0131k vard\u0131r.
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> sudo apt clean<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak APT \u00f6nbelle\u011fini temizleyin ve ard\u0131ndan sudo apt update<\/code> komutunu tekrar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Depolar\u0131 Do\u011frulama<\/h4>\n
Geri y\u00fckleme i\u015flemi sonras\u0131 depolar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
1.  apt policy<\/code> \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u0130nceleme:<\/strong><\/p>\n
apt policy<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komut, sisteminizdeki t\u00fcm depolar\u0131, bunlar\u0131n \u00f6nceliklerini ve hangi paketlerin hangi depodan geldi\u011fini g\u00f6sterir. \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131da varsay\u0131lan Ubuntu depolar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde listelendi\u011fini ve herhangi bir hata olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz.
\n2.  sources.list<\/code> Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 Manuel Kontrol:<\/strong>
\n    sudo nano \/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/code> komutu ile dosyan\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p, girdilerin yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekle e\u015fle\u015fti\u011fini veya kendi Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcze uygun oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zle kontrol edin.<\/p>\n
En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/h3>\n
Depo sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek ve sisteminizin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 en iyi uygulamalar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
*   Her Zaman Yedekleme Yap\u0131n:<\/strong> \/etc\/apt\/sources.list<\/code> ve \/etc\/apt\/sources.list.d\/<\/code> dizininde herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmadan \u00f6nce daima yedek al\u0131n. Bu, olas\u0131 sorunlarda h\u0131zl\u0131 bir geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f yolu sa\u011flar.
\n*   PPA Eklemeden \u00d6nce Ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/strong> Bilmedi\u011finiz veya g\u00fcvenmedi\u011finiz PPA’lar\u0131 sisteminize eklemeyin. PPA’lar\u0131n ne i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kim taraf\u0131ndan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.
\n*   M\u00fcmk\u00fcnse Resmi Depolar\u0131 Tercih Edin:<\/strong> Bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m resmi Ubuntu depolar\u0131nda mevcutsa, her zaman oradan y\u00fcklemeyi tercih edin. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf depolar, potansiyel g\u00fcvenlik riskleri veya kararl\u0131l\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 yaratabilir.
\n*   Sisteminizi D\u00fczenli G\u00fcncelleyin:<\/strong> sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<\/code> komutlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak sisteminizi g\u00fcncel tutun. Bu, g\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve hata d\u00fczeltmelerini alman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\n*   Farkl\u0131 Ubuntu S\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinin Depolar\u0131n\u0131 Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131n:<\/strong> \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ubuntu 22.04’te 20.04 (Focal) depolar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131n. Bu, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k sorunlar\u0131na ve sistem karars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar.
\n*   A\u011f Ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 Kontrol Edin:<\/strong> Depo sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu basit a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 sorunlar\u0131ndan kaynaklanabilir. \u0130nternet ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n aktif oldu\u011fundan ve DNS ayarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
Ubuntu’da varsay\u0131lan depolar\u0131 geri y\u00fcklemek, sisteminizin paket y\u00f6netimi altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 onarmak ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kritik bir beceridir. Bu makalede ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z y\u00f6ntemler, ister manuel dosya d\u00fczenlemesi, ister grafik aray\u00fcz\u00fc kullan\u0131m\u0131, isterse de PPA kald\u0131rma i\u015flemleri olsun, sizi bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ad\u0131m ad\u0131m y\u00f6nlendirmeyi ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Depo sorunlar\u0131 ilk ba\u015fta karma\u015f\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnse de, do\u011fru ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izleyerek ve yedekleme gibi temel \u00f6nlemleri alarak kolayca \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir. Unutmay\u0131n ki, sa\u011flam ve g\u00fcncel depolar, g\u00fcvenli ve stabil bir Ubuntu deneyiminin temelidir. Bu rehberi kullanarak sisteminizin depo sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyabilir ve gelecekteki sorunlar\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilirsiniz. Her zaman dikkatli olun, de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmadan \u00f6nce yedekleyin ve emin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z durumlarda topluluk kaynaklar\u0131ndan yard\u0131m almaktan \u00e7ekinmeyin.
\n<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ubuntu’da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber Giri\u015f Ubuntu gibi Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131nda, yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde “depolar” (repositories) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1468],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-41062","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-ubuntu","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nUbuntu'da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ubuntu'da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ubuntu'da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber Giri\u015f Ubuntu gibi Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131nda, yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n y\u00f6netimi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde "depolar" (repositories) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-03-03T03:40:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"Ubuntu’da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-03-03T03:40:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\"},\"wordCount\":2803,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Ubuntu\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2026\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntuda-varsayilan-depolari-geri-yukleme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\",\"name\":\"Ubuntu'da Varsay\u0131lan Depolar\u0131 Geri Y\u00fckleme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber - 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