Python programlama dili, d\u00fcnya genelinde geli\u015ftiriciler taraf\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck bir be\u011feniyle kullan\u0131lan, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Ancak, Python’\u0131n geli\u015fim s\u00fcrecinde \u00f6nemli bir d\u00f6n\u00fcm noktas\u0131 olan Python 3’e ge\u00e7i\u015f, bir\u00e7ok proje ve geli\u015ftirici i\u00e7in karma\u015f\u0131k bir meydan okuma olmu\u015ftur. Python 2’nin resmi \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda sona ermesiyle birlikte, Python 3’e ge\u00e7i\u015f art\u0131k bir tercih de\u011fil, bir zorunluluk haline gelmi\u015ftir. Bu makale, mevcut Python 2 kod taban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 Python 3’e ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131z i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir rehber sunmaktad\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015fin nedenlerinden, haz\u0131rl\u0131k a\u015famalar\u0131ndan, temel farkl\u0131l\u0131klardan, otomatik ve manuel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm stratejilerinden ve test s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinden detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde bahsedece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
Python toplulu\u011fu, Python 3’\u00fc dilin gelece\u011fi olarak konumland\u0131rm\u0131\u015f ve t\u00fcm yeni geli\u015ftirmeler bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm \u00fczerine odaklanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Python 2’den Python 3’e ge\u00e7i\u015f, sadece yeni \u00f6zelliklere eri\u015fmekle kalmaz, ayn\u0131 zamanda kod taban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n uzun vadeli s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirli\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini de sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Python 2.7, 1 Ocak 2020 tarihinde resmi olarak “End of Life (EoL)” stat\u00fcs\u00fcne ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, Python Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Vakf\u0131’n\u0131n (PSF) art\u0131k Python 2 i\u00e7in herhangi bir hata d\u00fczeltmesi, g\u00fcvenlik yamas\u0131 veya yeni \u00f6zellik geli\u015ftirmesi sa\u011flamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. G\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 ke\u015ffedildi\u011finde, bunlar d\u00fczeltilmeyecek ve Python 2 kullanan sistemler potansiyel risklere a\u00e7\u0131k hale gelecektir. Kurumsal ortamlar i\u00e7in bu durum, uyumluluk ve g\u00fcvenlik standartlar\u0131n\u0131 ihlal etme potansiyeli ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Python 3, Python 2’ye g\u00f6re bir\u00e7ok \u00f6nemli iyile\u015ftirme ve yeni \u00f6zellik sunar:<\/p>\n
print<\/code> bir fonksiyon, range<\/code> bir iterat\u00f6r) kodu daha tutarl\u0131 ve okunabilir hale getirir.<\/li>\n- Asenkron Programlama:<\/strong>
async\/await<\/code> s\u00f6zdizimi ile Python 3, modern asenkron programlama paradigmalar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fal olarak destekler.<\/li>\n- T\u00fcr \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131 (Type Hinting):<\/strong> Kod kalitesini art\u0131ran ve b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerde bak\u0131m\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran t\u00fcr ipu\u00e7lar\u0131, Python 3’\u00fcn \u00f6nemli bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir.<\/li>\n
- Geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f Standart K\u00fct\u00fcphane:<\/strong> Bir\u00e7ok mod\u00fcl elden ge\u00e7irilmi\u015f ve yeni kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 mod\u00fcller eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n
- Geli\u015fen Topluluk ve Eko-sistem:<\/strong> T\u00fcm yeni k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler ve ara\u00e7lar Python 3 i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilmektedir. Python 2 deste\u011fi olan k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin say\u0131s\u0131 giderek azalmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Ge\u00e7i\u015f S\u00fcrecine Haz\u0131rl\u0131k<\/h3>\n
Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir ge\u00e7i\u015f, iyi bir planlama ve haz\u0131rl\u0131k gerektirir. Aceleci davranmak yerine, ad\u0131m ad\u0131m ilerlemek ve her a\u015famay\u0131 dikkatlice y\u00f6netmek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Mevcut Kod Taban\u0131n\u0131 Anlama ve Envanter \u00c7\u0131karma<\/h4>\n
Ge\u00e7i\u015fe ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, projenizin mevcut durumunu tam olarak anlaman\u0131z gerekir. Bu, projenin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, mod\u00fcl say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, hangi Python 2 \u00f6zelliklerinin yo\u011fun olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kodun genel kalitesini i\u00e7erir. Kod taban\u0131n\u0131zdaki karma\u015f\u0131k veya az kullan\u0131lan k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 belirlemek, ge\u00e7i\u015fin zorluk derecesini tahmin etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 De\u011ferlendirme<\/h4>\n
Projenizdeki t\u00fcm harici k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin bir listesini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n. Bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin Python 3 uyumlulu\u011funu kontrol edin. \u00c7o\u011fu pop\u00fcler k\u00fct\u00fcphane (Django, Flask, NumPy, Pandas vb.) uzun s\u00fcredir Python 3 deste\u011fi sunmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, eski veya az bilinen k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler i\u00e7in Python 3 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc olmayabilir veya bu k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin geli\u015ftirilmesi durmu\u015f olabilir. B\u00f6yle durumlarda, alternatif k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler bulman\u0131z veya ilgili k\u00fct\u00fcphaneyi kendiniz ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
Kaynak Kontrol Sistemi Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h4>\n
Ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde bir\u00e7ok de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, Git gibi bir kaynak kontrol sistemi kullanmak hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015fe ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce mevcut kod taban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131n ve t\u00fcm de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ayr\u0131 bir dalda (branch) yap\u0131n. Bu, herhangi bir sorun durumunda kolayca geri d\u00f6nmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Ad\u0131mlarla \u0130lerlemek: Mod\u00fcler Ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/h4>\n
B\u00fcy\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k projeleri tek seferde ta\u015f\u0131maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak bunalt\u0131c\u0131 olabilir. Bunun yerine, projeyi daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z mod\u00fcllere ay\u0131r\u0131n ve her mod\u00fcl\u00fc ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131n. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, sorunlar\u0131 daha erken tespit etmenizi ve her ad\u0131mda ilerlemeyi g\u00f6rmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Temel Farkl\u0131l\u0131klar ve Otomatik D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Python 2 ve Python 3 aras\u0131ndaki baz\u0131 temel farkl\u0131l\u0131klar, ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde dikkat edilmesi gereken ba\u015fl\u0131ca noktalard\u0131r. Neyse ki, bu farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu otomatik ara\u00e7lar taraf\u0131ndan ele al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n
print<\/code> Deyimi vs. print()<\/code> Fonksiyonu<\/h4>\nPython 2’de print<\/code> bir deyim iken, Python 3’te bir fonksiyondur. Bu, belki de en bilinen ve en kolay d\u00fczeltilebilen farkl\u0131l\u0131klardan biridir.<\/p>\n\n- Python 2:<\/strong>
print \"Merhaba D\u00fcnya\"<\/code><\/li>\n- Python 3:<\/strong>
print(\"Merhaba D\u00fcnya\")<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nFonksiyon olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, arg\u00fcmanlar parantez i\u00e7inde belirtilmeli ve sep<\/code>, end<\/code>, file<\/code> ve flush<\/code> gibi anahtar kelime arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\nSay\u0131 T\u00fcrleri: int<\/code> ve long<\/code> Birle\u015fimi<\/h4>\nPython 2’de tam say\u0131lar int<\/code> ve s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki tam say\u0131lar long<\/code> olarak ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Python 3’te ise int<\/code> t\u00fcr\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki tam say\u0131lar\u0131 da kapsar ve long<\/code> t\u00fcr\u00fc kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n- Python 2:<\/strong>
type(1000000000000000000L)<\/code> -> <\/code><\/li>\n- Python 3:<\/strong>
type(1000000000000000000)<\/code> -> <\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nDizeler ve Unicode: str<\/code> ve bytes<\/code> Ayr\u0131m\u0131<\/h4>\nBu, muhtemelen en karma\u015f\u0131k ve en \u00e7ok hataya yol a\u00e7an farkl\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. Python 2’de str<\/code> t\u00fcr\u00fc, hem ASCII metinleri hem de ikili verileri temsil edebilirken, unicode<\/code> t\u00fcr\u00fc Unicode metinleri temsil eder. Python 3’te ise bu ayr\u0131m netle\u015fmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n\nstr<\/code>: Her zaman Unicode metinleri temsil eder.<\/li>\nbytes<\/code>: \u0130kili verileri (bayt dizilerini) temsil eder.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nBu, Python 2’deki str<\/code> nesnelerinin Python 3’te ya str<\/code> (metin ise) ya da bytes<\/code> (ikili veri ise) olarak ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. Dosya okuma\/yazma, a\u011f ileti\u015fimi ve d\u0131\u015f sistemlerle entegrasyon gibi alanlarda bu ayr\u0131m b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Metin ve ikili veriyi kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak TypeError<\/code> hatalar\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir dosya okurken, 'r'<\/code> modunda okursan\u0131z str<\/code> al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z, 'rb'<\/code> modunda okursan\u0131z bytes<\/code> al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\nB\u00f6lme Operat\u00f6r\u00fc: \/<\/code> ve \/\/<\/code><\/h4>\nPython 2’de \/<\/code> operat\u00f6r\u00fc, her iki i\u015flenen de tam say\u0131 ise tam say\u0131 b\u00f6lmesi yapar. Python 3’te ise \/<\/code> operat\u00f6r\u00fc her zaman kayan noktal\u0131 say\u0131 (float) d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Tam say\u0131 b\u00f6lmesi i\u00e7in \/\/<\/code> operat\u00f6r\u00fc kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n- Python 2:<\/strong>
5 \/ 2<\/code> -> 2<\/code><\/li>\n- Python 3:<\/strong>
5 \/ 2<\/code> -> 2.5<\/code><\/li>\n- Python 3:<\/strong>
5 \/\/ 2<\/code> -> 2<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nxrange<\/code> yerine range<\/code><\/h4>\nPython 2’de range()<\/code> bir liste d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, xrange()<\/code> bir iterat\u00f6r (bellek verimli) d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Python 3’te ise range()<\/code> fonksiyonu do\u011frudan xrange()<\/code>‘in i\u015flevini \u00fcstlenmi\u015f ve bir iterat\u00f6r d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu nedenle, Python 2’deki xrange<\/code> kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 Python 3’te do\u011frudan range<\/code> olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\nnext()<\/code> Metodu ve \u0130terat\u00f6rler<\/h4>\nPython 2’de bir iterat\u00f6r\u00fcn bir sonraki \u00f6\u011fesini almak i\u00e7in iterator.next()<\/code> metodu kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Python 3’te ise bu metod __next__()<\/code> olarak yeniden adland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve genellikle next(iterator)<\/code> yerle\u015fik fonksiyonu arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\nHata Yakalama S\u00f6zdizimi (except<\/code>)<\/h4>\nPython 2’de istisnalar\u0131 yakalamak i\u00e7in except Exception, e:<\/code> s\u00f6zdizimi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Python 3’te ise bu except Exception as e:<\/code> olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n2to3<\/code> Arac\u0131: Kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve S\u0131n\u0131rlamalar\u0131<\/h4>\nPython standart k\u00fct\u00fcphanesiyle birlikte gelen 2to3<\/code> arac\u0131, Python 2 kodunu otomatik olarak Python 3 s\u00f6zdizimine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bir\u00e7ok basit de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi (print<\/code> deyimi, except<\/code> s\u00f6zdizimi, xrange<\/code> vb.) otomatik olarak yapar. Kullan\u0131m\u0131 olduk\u00e7a basittir:<\/p>\n\n2to3 -w my_module.py\n<\/code><\/pre>\n-w<\/code> (write) bayra\u011f\u0131, de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri do\u011frudan dosyaya yazar. Ancak, 2to3<\/code> her \u015feyi halletmez. \u00d6zellikle dize (string) ve ikili veri (bytes) farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, standart k\u00fct\u00fcphane mod\u00fcllerindeki isim de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri ve karma\u015f\u0131k mant\u0131k gerektiren durumlar i\u00e7in manuel m\u00fcdahale gereklidir.<\/p>\nfuturize<\/code> ve modernize<\/code> (Six k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ile)<\/h4>\n2to3<\/code> arac\u0131 tek y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yaparken, futurize<\/code> ve modernize<\/code> ara\u00e7lar\u0131 (python-future<\/code> ve python-modernize<\/code> paketlerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131) hem Python 2 hem de Python 3 ile uyumlu kod yazman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Bu ara\u00e7lar, kodu Python 2’de \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken Python 3’e \u00f6zg\u00fc \u00f6zellikleri kullanacak \u015fekilde d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikle six<\/code> k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi ile birlikte kullan\u0131larak, tek bir kod taban\u0131n\u0131n her iki Python s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcnde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarlar. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecini daha kademeli hale getirmek i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/p>\nManuel De\u011fi\u015fiklikler ve S\u0131k Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan Sorunlar<\/h3>\n
Otomatik ara\u00e7lar bir\u00e7ok sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zse de, baz\u0131 durumlar manuel m\u00fcdahale gerektirir veya daha derinlemesine anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken zorluklar sunar.<\/p>\n
Dize \u0130\u015fleme ve Kodlama Hatalar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Python 2’deki str<\/code> ve unicode<\/code> ayr\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n Python 3’teki str<\/code> ve bytes<\/code> ayr\u0131m\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi, \u00f6zellikle dosya I\/O, a\u011f ileti\u015fimi ve veritaban\u0131 etkile\u015fimleri gibi d\u0131\u015f kaynaklarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken en b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunlardan biridir. Genellikle UnicodeDecodeError<\/code> veya TypeError<\/code> hatalar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm, do\u011fru yerlerde .encode()<\/code> ve .decode()<\/code> metodlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak metin ve ikili veriler aras\u0131nda a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yapmakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir API’den gelen JSON verisi genellikle UTF-8 kodlu bayt dizisi olarak gelir ve bunu Python 3’te i\u015flemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nce .decode('utf-8')<\/code> ile Unicode string’e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek gerekir.<\/p>\nS\u00f6zl\u00fck Metotlar\u0131 (keys()<\/code>, values()<\/code>, items()<\/code>)<\/h4>\nPython 2’de bu metotlar bir liste d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, Python 3’te bellek verimli bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm (view) nesnesi d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Bu g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm nesneleri, orijinal s\u00f6zl\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fti\u011finde otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir. E\u011fer Python 2 kodunuz bu metotlar\u0131n bir liste d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc varsayarak indeksleme veya ba\u015fka liste i\u015flemleri yap\u0131yorsa, Python 3’te bunu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a bir listeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeniz gerekebilir: list(my_dict.keys())<\/code>.<\/p>\nmap<\/code>, filter<\/code>, zip<\/code> Fonksiyonlar\u0131<\/h4>\nPython 2’de bu fonksiyonlar bir liste d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcrken, Python 3’te bellek verimli iterat\u00f6rler d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Bu, b\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmeleriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken performans ve bellek kullan\u0131m\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan bir avantajd\u0131r. Ancak, e\u011fer kodunuz bu fonksiyonlar\u0131n do\u011frudan bir liste d\u00f6nd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc varsayarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa, Python 3’te yine a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a list()<\/code> ile d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeniz gerekebilir.<\/p>\ncmp<\/code> Fonksiyonu ve S\u0131ralama<\/h4>\nPython 2’deki cmp()<\/code> fonksiyonu, iki nesneyi kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak -1, 0 veya 1 d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Python 3’te bu fonksiyon kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u0131ralama i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in genellikle key<\/code> arg\u00fcman\u0131 alan sort()<\/code> veya sorted()<\/code> fonksiyonlar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Karma\u015f\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in functools.cmp_to_key<\/code> fonksiyonu yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n\u0130kili Veri \u0130\u015fleme<\/h4>\n
Dosya okuma\/yazma, a\u011f soketleri ve kriptografi gibi alanlarda ikili verilerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, Python 2’deki str<\/code> ve Python 3’teki bytes<\/code> aras\u0131ndaki fark nedeniyle \u00f6nemlidir. Python 3’te bytes<\/code> nesneleri, str<\/code> nesneleri gibi metotlara (\u00f6rn. .replace()<\/code>, .split()<\/code>) sahiptir, ancak bu metotlar bayt dizileriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve bayt dizileri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr. Metin ve ikili veriyi kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak esast\u0131r.<\/p>\nStandart K\u00fct\u00fcphane Mod\u00fcllerindeki De\u011fi\u015fiklikler<\/h4>\n
Bir\u00e7ok standart k\u00fct\u00fcphane mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn ad\u0131 veya yap\u0131s\u0131 Python 3’te de\u011fi\u015fmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
\nurllib<\/code>, urllib2<\/code>, urlparse<\/code>, robotparser<\/code> mod\u00fclleri Python 3’te urllib.request<\/code>, urllib.error<\/code>, urllib.parse<\/code>, urllib.robotparser<\/code> gibi mod\u00fcllere ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\nhttplib<\/code>, Python 3’te http.client<\/code> olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\nConfigParser<\/code>, Python 3’te configparser<\/code> olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\nTkinter<\/code>, Python 3’te tkinter<\/code> olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\nStringIO<\/code> ve cStringIO<\/code>, Python 3’te io.StringIO<\/code> ve io.BytesIO<\/code> olmu\u015ftur.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nBu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler, kodunuzdaki i\u00e7e aktarma (import) ifadelerinin ve ilgili mod\u00fcl \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcncellenmesini gerektirir.<\/p>\n
Metaklaslar<\/h4>\n
Python 2’de metaklaslar i\u00e7in class MyClass(object): __metaclass__ = MyMeta<\/code> s\u00f6zdizimi kullan\u0131l\u0131rken, Python 3’te bu, class MyClass(metaclass=MyMeta):<\/code> \u015feklinde daha temiz bir s\u00f6zdizimine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n__future__<\/code> \u0130fadelerinin Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h4>\nPython 2’de, Python 3’\u00fcn baz\u0131 \u00f6zelliklerini (\u00f6rn. print<\/code> fonksiyonu, b\u00f6lme operat\u00f6r\u00fc) erken benimsemek i\u00e7in from __future__ import ...<\/code> ifadeleri kullan\u0131labilir. Bu, ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak ve Python 2 kodunu Python 3’e daha yak\u0131n hale getirmek i\u00e7in iyi bir stratejidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin: from __future__ import print_function, division<\/code>.<\/p>\nUyumlu Kod Yazma Stratejileri (Python 2 ve 3 Deste\u011fi)<\/h3>\n
Baz\u0131 projeler, uzun bir ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci gerektirebilir veya hem Python 2 hem de Python 3 ortamlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gereken kodlara sahip olabilir. Bu durumlar i\u00e7in, her iki s\u00fcr\u00fcmle de uyumlu kod yazma stratejileri mevcuttur.<\/p>\n
six<\/code> K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/h4>\nsix<\/code> (Python 2 ve 3’\u00fcn k\u0131saltmas\u0131) k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, hem Python 2 hem de Python 3 ile uyumlu kod yazmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bir dizi yard\u0131mc\u0131 fonksiyon ve sabit sa\u011flar. Mod\u00fcl isimlerindeki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri, dize t\u00fcrlerini, iterat\u00f6rleri ve di\u011fer farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 soyutlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n\n- Mod\u00fcl yeniden adland\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in:
from six.moves import urllib.request<\/code><\/li>\n- Dize t\u00fcr\u00fc kontrol\u00fc i\u00e7in:
isinstance(obj, six.string_types)<\/code><\/li>\n- \u0130terat\u00f6rler i\u00e7in:
six.iterkeys(my_dict)<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nsix<\/code> k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck ve uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc projelerde \u00e7ift s\u00fcr\u00fcm uyumlulu\u011funu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in paha bi\u00e7ilmezdir.<\/p>\n__future__<\/code> \u0130fadeleri<\/h4>\nDaha \u00f6nce bahsedildi\u011fi gibi, Python 2 kodunuzun ba\u015f\u0131na from __future__ import ...<\/code> ifadelerini ekleyerek, Python 3’teki baz\u0131 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 Python 2’de etkinle\u015ftirebilirsiniz. Bu, \u00f6zellikle print_function<\/code>, division<\/code>, absolute_import<\/code> ve unicode_literals<\/code> gibi \u00f6zellikler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. Bu ifadeler, kodunuzu Python 3’e daha yak\u0131n hale getirir ve otomatik d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\nKo\u015fullu \u0130\u00e7e Aktarmalar ve sys.version_info<\/code><\/h4>\nDaha karma\u015f\u0131k uyumluluk sorunlar\u0131 i\u00e7in, Python s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol ederek ko\u015fullu kod yazabilirsiniz. sys.version_info<\/code>, mevcut Python s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc hakk\u0131nda bilgi sa\u011flayan bir tuple’d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n\nimport sys\n\nif sys.version_info.major < 3:\n import ConfigParser as configparser\nelse:\n import configparser\n<\/code><\/pre>\nBu yakla\u015f\u0131m, kodunuzun farkl\u0131 Python s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinde farkl\u0131 mod\u00fclleri i\u00e7e aktarmas\u0131n\u0131 veya farkl\u0131 mant\u0131k y\u00fcr\u00fctmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Ortak Paydada Bulu\u015fan S\u00f6zdizimi<\/h4>\n
M\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca, her iki Python s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcnde de \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir s\u00f6zdizimi kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n. \u00d6rne\u011fin, print<\/code> deyimi yerine her zaman print()<\/code> fonksiyonunu kullan\u0131n (__future__<\/code> ile etkinle\u015ftirilmi\u015fse). Liste d\u00f6nd\u00fcren map<\/code>\/filter<\/code>\/zip<\/code> yerine, iterat\u00f6r d\u00f6nd\u00fcren kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131n ve gerekti\u011finde a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a list()<\/code> ile d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn. Bu, kodu daha temiz tutar ve daha az ko\u015fullu mant\u0131k gerektirir.<\/p>\nTest Etme ve Do\u011frulama<\/h3>\n
Kod ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u00fcreci, kapsaml\u0131 testler olmadan tamamlanm\u0131\u015f say\u0131lmaz. Testler, kodunuzun Python 3 ortam\u0131nda beklendi\u011fi gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olman\u0131n tek yoludur.<\/p>\n
Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Test S\u00fciti Olu\u015fturma<\/h4>\n
Ge\u00e7i\u015fe ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, projenizin mevcut davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulayan sa\u011flam bir test s\u00fcitinizin oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Bu testler, Python 2 kodunuzun do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kan\u0131tlamal\u0131 ve ge\u00e7i\u015f sonras\u0131 Python 3 kodunuzun da ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer yeterli testiniz yoksa, ge\u00e7i\u015fe ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce \u00f6nemli i\u015flevsellik i\u00e7in testler yazmaya odaklan\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Birim Testleri ve Entegrasyon Testleri<\/h4>\n
Hem birim testleri (her fonksiyonun veya metodun ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 test edildi\u011fi) hem de entegrasyon testleri (farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerin birbiriyle etkile\u015fiminin test edildi\u011fi) \u00f6nemlidir. Birim testleri, ta\u015f\u0131ma s\u0131ras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olurken, entegrasyon testleri sistemin bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak i\u015flevselli\u011fini garanti eder.<\/p>\n
Otomatik Test Ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h4>\n
pytest<\/code> veya unittest<\/code> gibi test \u00e7er\u00e7evelerini kullanarak testlerinizi otomatikle\u015ftirin. Bu ara\u00e7lar, t\u00fcm testleri h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131za ve herhangi bir regresyonu (geri giden hatay\u0131) an\u0131nda tespit etmenize olanak tan\u0131r. Ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde s\u0131k s\u0131k testleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, sorunlar\u0131 erken a\u015famada bulman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\nPerformans Testleri<\/h4>\n
Baz\u0131 durumlarda, Python 3'e ge\u00e7i\u015f performans \u00fczerinde beklenmedik etkiler yaratabilir. \u00d6zellikle yo\u011fun hesaplama yapan veya I\/O a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 uygulamalar i\u00e7in performans testleri yapmak \u00f6nemlidir. Python 3 genellikle daha h\u0131zl\u0131 olsa da, baz\u0131 \u00f6zel durumlarda (\u00f6rn. dize\/bayt d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmleri) performans d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015fleri ya\u015fanabilir.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcrekli Entegrasyon (CI) S\u00fcre\u00e7leri<\/h4>\n
E\u011fer bir s\u00fcrekli entegrasyon (CI) sisteminiz varsa (\u00f6rn. Jenkins, GitLab CI, GitHub Actions), Python 3 testlerinizi bu s\u00fcrece entegre edin. Bu, her kod de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finde otomatik olarak Python 3 uyumlulu\u011funun kontrol edilmesini sa\u011flar ve ekibin di\u011fer \u00fcyelerinin de ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecine katk\u0131da bulunmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 ve En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/h3>\n
Python 2'den Python 3'e ge\u00e7i\u015f, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta g\u00f6z korkutucu g\u00f6r\u00fcnebilir, ancak dikkatli bir planlama ve sistematik bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tamamlanabilir. Python 3'\u00fcn sundu\u011fu avantajlar, bu \u00e7abaya kesinlikle de\u011ferdir ve kod taban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n gelece\u011fini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sab\u0131rl\u0131 Olmak ve Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m \u0130lerlemek<\/h4>\n
Ge\u00e7i\u015f, bir maratondur, sprint de\u011fil. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, y\u00f6netilebilir ad\u0131mlarla ilerleyin. Her bir mod\u00fcl\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131ktan sonra test edin ve do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, hatalar\u0131 izole etmenizi ve s\u00fcreci daha az stresli hale getirmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Dok\u00fcmantasyonu Takip Etmek<\/h4>\n
Python'\u0131n resmi dok\u00fcmantasyonu, Python 2 ve Python 3 aras\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar hakk\u0131nda zengin bilgiler sunar. \u00d6zellikle \"Porting Python 2 Code to Python 3\" rehberi, bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zel durum i\u00e7in detayl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler i\u00e7erir. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sorunlarda bu kaynaklara ba\u015fvurmaktan \u00e7ekinmeyin.<\/p>\n
Topluluk Deste\u011finden Yararlanmak<\/h4>\n
Python toplulu\u011fu, bu ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde birbirine destek olan b\u00fcy\u00fck ve aktif bir topluluktur. Stack Overflow, Python forumlar\u0131 ve di\u011fer platformlarda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sorunlar i\u00e7in yard\u0131m arayabilir, di\u011fer geli\u015ftiricilerin deneyimlerinden faydalanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Gelece\u011fe Y\u00f6nelik Kod Yazmak<\/h4>\n
Ge\u00e7i\u015f tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, gelecekteki geli\u015ftirmelerde Python 3'\u00fcn en iyi uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 takip etmeye \u00f6zen g\u00f6sterin. Python 3'\u00fcn yeni \u00f6zelliklerini ve s\u00f6zdizimini kullanarak daha modern, okunabilir ve performansl\u0131 kodlar yazmaya devam edin. Bu, kod taban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcncel kalmas\u0131n\u0131 ve gelecekteki olas\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015flerin daha sorunsuz olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 olarak, Python 2'den Python 3'e ge\u00e7i\u015f, Python ekosistemindeki \u00f6nemli bir evrimdir. Bu rehberde sunulan stratejileri ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullanarak, projelerinizi g\u00fcvenle ve verimli bir \u015fekilde yeni nesil Python'a ta\u015f\u0131yabilir, dilin sundu\u011fu t\u00fcm avantajlardan faydalanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3’e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri\nPython programlama dili, d\u00fcnya genelinde geli\u015ftiriciler taraf\u0131ndan","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1403],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-39314","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-python","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\n
Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri Python programlama dili, d\u00fcnya genelinde geli\u015ftiriciler taraf\u0131ndan\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-02-18T14:40:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"17 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3’e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-18T14:40:44+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/\"},\"wordCount\":3103,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Python\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2026\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/\",\"name\":\"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2026-02-18T14:40:44+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Anasayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3’e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Fatihsoysal.com\",\"description\":\"Blog - Yaz\u0131l\u0131m D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Tecr\u00fcbelerim\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\",\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Fatih Soysal\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\"},\"description\":\"Kullan\u0131m ve kodlama m\u00fckemmeliyetini odak alan uygulamalar olu\u015fturma deneyimine sahip, profesyonel olarak 15+ y\u0131l \u00fczeri deneyime sahip bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fchendisi.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/author\/fatihsoysal\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri","og_description":"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri Python programlama dili, d\u00fcnya genelinde geli\u015ftiriciler taraf\u0131ndan","og_url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/","og_site_name":"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131","article_published_time":"2026-02-18T14:40:44+00:00","author":"Fatih Soysal","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Yazan:":"Fatih Soysal","Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"17 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/"},"author":{"name":"Fatih Soysal","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1"},"headline":"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3’e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri","datePublished":"2026-02-18T14:40:44+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/"},"wordCount":3103,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1"},"articleSection":["Python"],"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2026","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/","name":"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3'e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2026-02-18T14:40:44+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/python-2-kodunu-python-3e-tasima-rehberi-adim-adim-gecis-stratejileri\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Anasayfa","item":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Python 2 Kodunu Python 3’e Ta\u015f\u0131ma Rehberi: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Ge\u00e7i\u015f Stratejileri"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/","name":"Fatihsoysal.com","description":"Blog - Yaz\u0131l\u0131m D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Tecr\u00fcbelerim","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1","name":"Fatih Soysal","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Fatih Soysal"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/"},"description":"Kullan\u0131m ve kodlama m\u00fckemmeliyetini odak alan uygulamalar olu\u015fturma deneyimine sahip, profesyonel olarak 15+ y\u0131l \u00fczeri deneyime sahip bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fchendisi.","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/author\/fatihsoysal\/"}]}},"yoast_meta":{"yoast_wpseo_title":"","yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","yoast_wpseo_canonical":""},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39314","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=39314"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39314\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39315,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39314\/revisions\/39315"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=39314"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=39314"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=39314"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}