Canl\u0131 yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fcnyas\u0131 h\u0131zla geli\u015firken, arkas\u0131ndaki teknolojileri anlamak hem yay\u0131nc\u0131lar hem de teknoloji merakl\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Bu teknolojilerden biri de Real-Time Messaging Protocol (RTMP), yani Ger\u00e7ek Zamanl\u0131 Mesajla\u015fma Protokol\u00fc’d\u00fcr. Y\u0131llard\u0131r canl\u0131 yay\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bel kemi\u011fini olu\u015fturan RTMP, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde hala yay\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n sunucuya ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu makalede, RTMP’nin ne oldu\u011funu, nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve kendi \u00fccretsiz RTMP sunucunuzu ad\u0131m ad\u0131m nas\u0131l kurabilece\u011finizi detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
RTMP (Real-Time Messaging Protocol), ilk olarak Macromedia (daha sonra Adobe taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nd\u0131) taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve internet \u00fczerinden ses, video ve veri ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 olarak iletmek i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f bir protokold\u00fcr. \u00d6zellikle Flash Player tabanl\u0131 medya oynat\u0131c\u0131larla pop\u00fcler hale gelmi\u015f olsa da, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Flash’\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, RTMP hala yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n OBS Studio gibi yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla canl\u0131 yay\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131 sunuculara g\u00f6ndermek i\u00e7in tercih etti\u011fi birincil protokol olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n
RTMP, 2000’li y\u0131llar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Macromedia taraf\u0131ndan Flash Player ile entegre \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak \u015fekilde tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Amac\u0131, internet \u00fczerinden y\u00fcksek kaliteli, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gecikmeli medya ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmakt\u0131. Adobe’nin Macromedia’y\u0131 sat\u0131n almas\u0131yla birlikte RTMP, Adobe Flash Platformu’nun temel bir bile\u015feni haline geldi. Y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde RTMP, \u00e7e\u015fitli varyantlara (RTMPT, RTMPS, RTMPTE) evrildi ve farkl\u0131 a\u011f ko\u015fullar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirildi. Ancak, Flash Player’\u0131n g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 ve mobil cihazlarda desteklenmemesi nedeniyle pop\u00fclaritesi azald\u0131 ve yerini HTTP tabanl\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f protokollerine (HLS, MPEG-DASH) b\u0131rakmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Buna ra\u011fmen, RTMP, yay\u0131nc\u0131dan sunucuya ak\u0131\u015f g\u00f6nderme (ingest) a\u015famas\u0131nda hala end\u00fcstri standard\u0131 olarak kabul edilmektedir.<\/p>\n
RTMP’nin canl\u0131 yay\u0131nc\u0131l\u0131kta bu kadar uzun s\u00fcre ayakta kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan baz\u0131 temel \u00f6zellikleri vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
RTMP, genellikle bir “yay\u0131nc\u0131” (encoder yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, \u00f6rn. OBS Studio), bir “RTMP sunucusu” ve bir “izleyici” (oynat\u0131c\u0131) olmak \u00fczere \u00fc\u00e7 ana bile\u015fen aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Flash Player’\u0131n sonunun gelmesiyle birlikte RTMP’nin de tamamen ortadan kalkaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclse de, bu protokol hala canl\u0131 yay\u0131n ekosisteminde \u00f6nemli bir rol oynamaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle “ingest” (yay\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fi sunucuya g\u00f6ndermesi) taraf\u0131nda RTMP, sekt\u00f6r standard\u0131 olmaya devam ediyor.<\/p>\n
RTMP’nin en b\u00fcy\u00fck avantajlar\u0131ndan biri, sundu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck gecikme s\u00fcresidir. Di\u011fer HTTP tabanl\u0131 ak\u0131\u015f protokolleri (HLS, DASH) genellikle daha y\u00fcksek gecikmelere sahiptir \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck par\u00e7alara b\u00f6ler ve bu par\u00e7alar\u0131n arabelle\u011fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 zaman al\u0131r. RTMP ise do\u011frudan TCP ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 iletti\u011fi i\u00e7in daha h\u0131zl\u0131 bir deneyim sunar. Bu, \u00f6zellikle etkile\u015fimli yay\u0131nlar, oyun yay\u0131nlar\u0131 veya ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 ileti\u015fim gerektiren senaryolar i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n
Yay\u0131nc\u0131 taraf\u0131nda, OBS Studio, Wirecast, vMix gibi pop\u00fcler canl\u0131 yay\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve donan\u0131m kodlay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131 RTMP \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 destekler. Bu, yay\u0131nc\u0131lar\u0131n herhangi bir ek yap\u0131land\u0131rmaya ihtiya\u00e7 duymadan mevcut ekipmanlar\u0131yla kolayca RTMP sunucular\u0131na ba\u011flanabilmesini sa\u011flar. Bu geni\u015f ekosistem, RTMP’nin yay\u0131nc\u0131lar aras\u0131nda tercih edilmesinin ana nedenlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n
RTMP, y\u0131llard\u0131r test edilmi\u015f ve kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f bir teknolojidir. TCP tabanl\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131 sayesinde, a\u011fdaki ge\u00e7ici dalgalanmalara veya paket kay\u0131plar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 daha diren\u00e7lidir. Bu, yay\u0131n ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n daha stabil ve kesintisiz olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. G\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi, profesyonel yay\u0131nc\u0131lar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck platformlar i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir fakt\u00f6rd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Kendi \u00fccretsiz RTMP sunucunuzu kurmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 temel gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131laman\u0131z ve \u00f6n haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 yapman\u0131z gerekmektedir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, gerekli yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131, donan\u0131m\u0131 ve i\u015fletim sistemi se\u00e7imini ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
\u00dccretsiz bir RTMP sunucusu kurmak i\u00e7in genellikle bir sunucuya ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. Bu, bir Sanal \u00d6zel Sunucu (VPS), \u00f6zel bir sunucu (dedicated server) veya hatta g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ev bilgisayar\u0131 olabilir. Temel gereksinimler \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda Ubuntu Server veya Debian, RTMP sunucusu kurulumu i\u00e7in en pop\u00fcler ve iyi belgelenmi\u015f se\u00e7eneklerdir. Bu makalede, Ubuntu’yu temel alarak kurulum ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 anlataca\u011f\u0131z, ancak komutlar Debian i\u00e7in de b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde benzerdir. Ubuntu’nun LTS (Uzun S\u00fcreli Destek) s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri (\u00f6rne\u011fin Ubuntu 20.04 LTS veya 22.04 LTS) kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve uzun s\u00fcreli g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri nedeniyle tercih edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Sunucunuzu kurmadan \u00f6nce veya kurduktan hemen sonra a\u011f ve g\u00fcvenlik ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z \u00f6nemlidir:<\/p>\n
Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, Nginx web sunucusunu Nginx-RTMP mod\u00fcl\u00fc ile derleyerek kendi \u00fccretsiz RTMP sunucunuzu nas\u0131l kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m anlataca\u011f\u0131z. Bu y\u00f6ntem, esnekli\u011fi ve performans\u0131 nedeniyle olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fclerdir.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk olarak, sunucunuzu g\u00fcncelleyelim ve Nginx’i derlemek i\u00e7in gerekli olan temel ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 kural\u0131m. SSH \u00fczerinden sunucunuza ba\u011flan\u0131n ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade -y\nsudo apt install build-essential libpcre3 libpcre3-dev zlib1g zlib1g-dev libssl-dev -y\n<\/pre>\n<\/code><\/p>\n
\nbuild-essential<\/code>: Derleme ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir (gcc, make vb.).<\/li>\nlibpcre3<\/code>, libpcre3-dev<\/code>: Nginx'in d\u00fczenli ifade (regex) deste\u011fi i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/li>\nzlib1g<\/code>, zlib1g-dev<\/code>: Nginx'in s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (gzip) mod\u00fcl\u00fc i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/li>\nlibssl-dev<\/code>: HTTPS ve RTMPS (g\u00fcvenli RTMP) deste\u011fi i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nAd\u0131m 2: Nginx Kaynak Kodunu \u0130ndirme<\/h4>\n
\u015eimdi, Nginx'in en son kararl\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn kaynak kodunu indirece\u011fiz. Nginx'in resmi web sitesinden en g\u00fcncel s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn URL'sini kontrol edebilirsiniz (bu \u00f6rnekte g\u00fcncel bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r):<\/p>\n
cd \/usr\/local\/src\nsudo wget http:\/\/nginx.org\/download\/nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz # Veya en g\u00fcncel s\u00fcr\u00fcm\nsudo tar -zxvf nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz\nsudo rm nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz\ncd nginx-1.24.0\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nBu komutlar, \/usr\/local\/src<\/code> dizinine gider, Nginx kaynak kodunu indirir, ar\u015fivden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r ve \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan dizine girer.<\/p>\nAd\u0131m 3: Nginx-RTMP Mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc \u0130ndirme<\/h4>\n
Nginx, RTMP deste\u011fini do\u011frudan i\u00e7ermez. Bu nedenle, harici bir mod\u00fcl olan nginx-rtmp-module<\/code>'\u00fc indirmemiz gerekiyor. Bu mod\u00fcl, Nginx'e RTMP sunucusu i\u015flevselli\u011fi ekleyecektir.<\/p>\ncd \/usr\/local\/src\nsudo git clone https:\/\/github.com\/arut\/nginx-rtmp-module.git\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nE\u011fer git<\/code> kurulu de\u011filse, sudo apt install git -y<\/code> komutuyla kurman\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/p>\nAd\u0131m 4: Nginx ve RTMP Mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc Derleme<\/h4>\n
\u015eimdi, Nginx kaynak kodu dizinine geri d\u00f6nerek Nginx'i indirdi\u011fimiz RTMP mod\u00fcl\u00fc ile birlikte derleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
cd \/usr\/local\/src\/nginx-1.24.0 # Nginx kaynak kodunun oldu\u011fu dizin\nsudo .\/configure --with-http_ssl_module --add-module=\/usr\/local\/src\/nginx-rtmp-module\nsudo make\nsudo make install\n<\/pre>\n<\/code><\/p>\n
\n.\/configure<\/code>: Nginx'i derleme se\u00e7enekleriyle yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131r.<\/li>\n--with-http_ssl_module<\/code>: HTTPS deste\u011fi i\u00e7in SSL mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirir.<\/li>\n--add-module=\/usr\/local\/src\/nginx-rtmp-module<\/code>: \u0130ndirdi\u011fimiz RTMP mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc Nginx'e ekler.<\/li>\nmake<\/code>: Nginx'i derler.<\/li>\nmake install<\/code>: Derlenmi\u015f Nginx dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 \/usr\/local\/nginx<\/code> dizinine kurar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nAd\u0131m 5: Nginx Konfig\u00fcrasyon Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczenleme<\/h4>\n
Nginx kurulduktan sonra, RTMP sunucusunu etkinle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in konfig\u00fcrasyon dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlememiz gerekiyor. Konfig\u00fcrasyon dosyas\u0131 genellikle \/usr\/local\/nginx\/conf\/nginx.conf<\/code> adresinde bulunur.<\/p>\nsudo nano \/usr\/local\/nginx\/conf\/nginx.conf\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nDosyan\u0131n en sonuna, http { ... }<\/code> blo\u011funun d\u0131\u015f\u0131na, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki rtmp { ... }<\/code> blo\u011funu ekleyin:<\/p>\n\n# ... (Mevcut http blo\u011fu ve di\u011fer ayarlar) ...\n\nrtmp {\n server {\n listen 1935; # RTMP i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan port\n chunk_size 4096; # Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n par\u00e7alanma boyutu\n\n application live {\n live on; # Canl\u0131 yay\u0131nlar\u0131 etkinle\u015ftir\n record off; # Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 kaydetme (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131, \"all\" veya \"off\")\n\n # Yay\u0131n anahtar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in on_publish ve on_play kullanabilirsiniz.\n # \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir kimlik do\u011frulama sunucusuna y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in:\n # on_publish http:\/\/localhost:8080\/auth;\n\n # Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ba\u015fka bir sunucuya veya CDN'ye aktarmak i\u00e7in:\n # push rtmp:\/\/a.rtmp.youtube.com\/live2\/YOUR_YOUTUBE_STREAM_KEY;\n }\n\n # \u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131: HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) deste\u011fi eklemek i\u00e7in\n # Bu, ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n web taray\u0131c\u0131larda izlenmesini sa\u011flar.\n application hls {\n live on;\n hls on;\n hls_path \/tmp\/hls; # HLS par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n depolanaca\u011f\u0131 dizin\n hls_fragment 3s; # HLS par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcresi\n hls_playlist_length 60s; # Oynatma listesinin toplam s\u00fcresi\n # Bu HLS ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in: http:\/\/YOUR_SERVER_IP\/hls\/live.m3u8\n }\n }\n}\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nDe\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydedin (Ctrl+O, Enter) ve nano'dan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n (Ctrl+X).<\/p>\n
Ad\u0131m 6: Nginx'i Ba\u015flatma ve Otomatik Ba\u015flatmay\u0131 Ayarlama<\/h4>\n
\u015eimdi Nginx'i ba\u015flatal\u0131m ve her sunucu yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik olarak ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayal\u0131m.
\nNginx'i ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo \/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nNginx'in do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
ps aux | grep nginx\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\n\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131da nginx<\/code> s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini g\u00f6rmelisiniz.<\/p>\nNginx'in sunucu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda otomatik olarak ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir systemd servisi olu\u015ftural\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/systemd\/system\/nginx.service\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\n\u0130\u00e7ine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u00e7eri\u011fi yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
\n[Unit]\nDescription=The Nginx HTTP and RTMP Server\nAfter=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target\n\n[Service]\nType=forking\nPIDFile=\/usr\/local\/nginx\/logs\/nginx.pid\nExecStartPre=\/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx -t\nExecStart=\/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx\nExecReload=\/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx -s reload\nExecStop=\/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx -s stop\nPrivateTmp=true\n\n[Install]\nWantedBy=multi-user.target\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nKaydedin ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n. Ard\u0131ndan systemd'yi yeniden y\u00fckleyin ve Nginx servisini etkinle\u015ftirin:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl daemon-reload\nsudo systemctl enable nginx\nsudo systemctl start nginx\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nNginx'in durumunu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl status nginx\n<\/pre>\n<\/code><\/p>\n
Ad\u0131m 7: RTMP Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Test Etme<\/h4>\n
RTMP sunucunuz art\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor olmal\u0131. \u015eimdi bir yay\u0131nc\u0131 (OBS Studio gibi) kullanarak ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 test edelim.<\/p>\n
\n- OBS Studio'yu A\u00e7\u0131n:<\/strong> OBS Studio'da \"Ayarlar\" -> \"Yay\u0131n\" b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne gidin.<\/li>\n
- Hizmet:<\/strong> \"\u00d6zel...\" se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n
- Sunucu:<\/strong>
rtmp:\/\/YOUR_SERVER_IP\/live<\/code> (Burada YOUR_SERVER_IP<\/code> yerine sunucunuzun IP adresini yaz\u0131n.)<\/li>\n- Yay\u0131n Anahtar\u0131:<\/strong>
test<\/code> (veya konfig\u00fcrasyonunuzda tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z herhangi bir anahtar. Varsay\u0131lan olarak, Nginx-RTMP mod\u00fcl\u00fc herhangi bir anahtar\u0131 kabul eder, ancak g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in bunu daha sonra k\u0131s\u0131tlayabilirsiniz.)<\/li>\n- OBS'de bir kaynak (webcam, ekran yakalama vb.) ekleyin ve \"Yay\u0131n\u0131 Ba\u015flat\" d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z sunucunuza g\u00f6nderilmeye ba\u015flanacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
RTMP Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Yay\u0131nlama ve \u0130zleme<\/h3>\n
RTMP sunucunuzu kurduktan sonra, s\u0131ra ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 yay\u0131nlamaya ve izlemeye gelir.<\/p>\n
OBS Studio ile Yay\u0131n Yapma<\/h4>\n
OBS Studio, \u00fccretsiz ve a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir canl\u0131 yay\u0131n yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Kendi RTMP sunucunuza yay\u0131n yapmak i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/p>\n
\n- OBS Studio'yu \u0130ndirin ve Kurun:<\/strong> E\u011fer kurulu de\u011filse, OBS Studio'yu resmi web sitesinden indirin.<\/li>\n
- Ayarlar -> Yay\u0131n'a Gidin:<\/strong>\n
\n- Hizmet:<\/strong> \"\u00d6zel...\" se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n
- Sunucu:<\/strong>
rtmp:\/\/[SUNUCU_IP_ADRES\u0130N\u0130Z]\/live<\/code> (\u00d6rnek: rtmp:\/\/192.168.1.100\/live<\/code>)<\/li>\n- Yay\u0131n Anahtar\u0131:<\/strong>
benimyayinanahtarim<\/code> (Bu, Nginx konfig\u00fcrasyonunda application live<\/code> alt\u0131nda belirtilen herhangi bir anahtar olabilir. E\u011fer \u00f6zel bir anahtar kontrol\u00fc yapmad\u0131ysan\u0131z, herhangi bir anahtar \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n- Kaynaklar\u0131 Ekleyin:<\/strong> Yay\u0131nlamak istedi\u011finiz video ve ses kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 (webcam, ekran yakalama, mikrofon vb.) OBS'ye ekleyin.<\/li>\n
- Yay\u0131n\u0131 Ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong> \"Yay\u0131n\u0131 Ba\u015flat\" d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n. OBS, ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 RTMP sunucunuza g\u00f6ndermeye ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
VLC Media Player ile \u0130zleme<\/h4>\n
VLC Media Player, RTMP ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan oynatabilen pop\u00fcler bir medya oynat\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\n- VLC Media Player'\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131n.<\/strong><\/li>\n
- Medya -> A\u011f Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 A\u00e7...<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fine gidin.<\/li>\n
- A\u011f URL'si:<\/strong>
rtmp:\/\/[SUNUCU_IP_ADRES\u0130N\u0130Z]\/live\/benimyayinanahtarim<\/code> adresini girin. (Yay\u0131n anahtar\u0131n\u0131z OBS'de kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zla ayn\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/li>\n- Oynat'a T\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/strong> Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z VLC'de oynat\u0131lmaya ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Web Taray\u0131c\u0131da \u0130zleme (HLS d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme)<\/h4>\n
Modern web taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011frudan RTMP ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 desteklemez. Taray\u0131c\u0131da izleme sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in RTMP ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 HTTP tabanl\u0131 bir protokole, genellikle HLS (HTTP Live Streaming) veya MPEG-DASH'e d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeniz gerekir. Nginx-RTMP mod\u00fcl\u00fc, bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmeyi yapabilir.
\nYukar\u0131daki Ad\u0131m 5'te Nginx konfig\u00fcrasyonuna ekledi\u011fimiz HLS blo\u011funu kullanarak:<\/p>\n
\n application hls {\n live on;\n hls on;\n hls_path \/tmp\/hls; # HLS par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n depolanaca\u011f\u0131 dizin\n hls_fragment 3s;\n hls_playlist_length 60s;\n }\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nBu konfig\u00fcrasyon, gelen RTMP ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \/tmp\/hls<\/code> dizininde HLS par\u00e7alar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrecektir. Bu par\u00e7alar\u0131 web \u00fczerinden sunmak i\u00e7in Nginx'in HTTP blo\u011funa bir konum eklemeniz gerekir:<\/p>\n\nhttp {\n # ... di\u011fer http ayarlar\u0131 ...\n\n server {\n listen 80;\n server_name your_domain.com your_server_ip;\n\n location \/hls {\n # HLS dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu dizin\n root \/tmp;\n add_header Cache-Control no-cache;\n # CORS ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131, farkl\u0131 alan adlar\u0131ndan oynatmaya izin verir\n add_header Access-Control-Allow-Origin *;\n types {\n application\/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;\n video\/mp2t ts;\n }\n }\n }\n}\n<\/pre>\n<\/code>
\nBu yap\u0131land\u0131rmay\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan ve Nginx'i yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131ktan sonra (sudo \/usr\/local\/nginx\/sbin\/nginx -s reload<\/code>), ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bir web taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131nda oynatmak i\u00e7in video.js gibi bir JavaScript oynat\u0131c\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz.
\nHTML sayfan\u0131za a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi bir kod ekleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n RTMP Ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u0130zle (HLS)<\/title>\n <link href=\"https:\/\/vjs.zencdn.net\/7.20.3\/video-js.css\" rel=\"stylesheet\" \/>\n <script src=\"https:\/\/vjs.zencdn.net\/7.20.3\/video.min.js\"><\/script>\n <script src=\"https:\/\/unpkg.com\/@videojs\/http-streaming@3.0.0\/dist\/videojs-http-streaming.min.js\"><\/script>\n<\/head>\n<body>\n <video\n id=\"my-video\"\n class=\"video-js vjs-default-skin\"\n controls\n preload=\"auto\"\n width=\"640\"\n height=\"360\"\n data-setup='{}'\n >\n <source src=\"http:\/\/[SUNUCU_IP_ADRES\u0130N\u0130Z]\/hls\/live.m3u8\" type=\"application\/x-mpegURL\" \/>\n <p class=\"vjs-no-js\">\n Video oynatmak i\u00e7in JavaScript'i etkinle\u015ftirmeniz veya HTML5 uyumlu bir taray\u0131c\u0131 kullanman\u0131z gerekmektedir.\n <\/p>\n <\/video>\n<\/body>\n<\/html>\n<\/pre>\n<p><\/code><br \/>\nBu HTML dosyas\u0131n\u0131 sunucunuzda bar\u0131nd\u0131rarak veya yerel olarak a\u00e7arak ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 taray\u0131c\u0131da izleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h3>RTMP Sunucusu Bak\u0131m\u0131 ve Optimizasyonu<\/h3>\n<p>RTMP sunucunuzu kurmak sadece ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7t\u0131r. Optimum performans ve g\u00fcvenilirlik i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli bak\u0131m ve optimizasyon \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h4>G\u00fcvenlik \u00d6nlemleri<\/h4>\n<p>Sunucunuzu g\u00fcvende tutmak, yetkisiz eri\u015fimi ve k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Yay\u0131n Anaht<br \/>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00dccretsiz bir RTMP sunucusu kurmak i\u00e7in genellikle bir sunucuya ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. Bu, bir Sanal \u00d6zel Sunucu (VPS), \u00f6zel bir sunucu (dedicated serv…","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-38634","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>RTMP Nedir ve \u00dccretsiz Bir RTMP Sunucusu Nas\u0131l Kurulur? 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