S\u00fcr\u00fcm ve Platform Se\u00e7imi:<\/strong>\nWeb sitesinde genellikle en son LTS s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc (Recommended) ve en son s\u00fcr\u00fcm (Latest Release) otomatik olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir. Biz Java 17 LTS’i tercih edece\u011fiz. “LTS Release” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Java 17<\/strong>‘nin se\u00e7ili oldu\u011fundan ve “Operating System” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde Windows<\/strong>‘un, “Architecture” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde ise x64<\/strong>‘\u00fcn se\u00e7ili oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\nE\u011fer otomatik olarak do\u011fru se\u00e7enekler gelmezse, “Other platforms” butonuna t\u0131klayarak veya “Downloads” men\u00fcs\u00fcnden istedi\u011finiz s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc ve platformu manuel olarak se\u00e7ebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n
Kurulum Paketini \u0130ndirin:<\/strong>\nWindows i\u00e7in genellikle .msi<\/code> uzant\u0131l\u0131 bir y\u00fckleyici paketi bulunur. Bu paket, kurulum s\u00fcrecini daha kolay hale getirir. “Download latest LTS release” veya Java 17 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki “OpenJDK 17 (LTS)”<\/strong> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki “Windows x64”<\/strong> ve “Installer”<\/strong> (MSI) se\u00e7ene\u011fini bularak indirme i\u015flemini ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n\u0130ndirme i\u015flemi, internet h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak birka\u00e7 dakika s\u00fcrebilir. Dosyan\u0131n nereye kaydedildi\u011fini (genellikle “\u0130ndirilenler” klas\u00f6r\u00fc) akl\u0131n\u0131zda tutun.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Java Kurulumu ve Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenleri Ayar\u0131<\/h2>\n
JDK paketini indirdikten sonra, kurulumunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeli ve sisteminizin Java komutlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mas\u0131 i\u00e7in ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini ayarlamal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Bu ad\u0131m, Java geli\u015ftirme ortam\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n
JDK Kurulum Sihirbaz\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h3>\n\n- \u0130ndirilen Dosyay\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/strong>\n
\u0130ndirdi\u011finiz .msi<\/code> uzant\u0131l\u0131 dosyay\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, OpenJDK17U-jdk_x64_windows_hotspot_17.0.x_y.msi<\/code>) bulun ve \u00e7ift t\u0131klayarak kurulum sihirbaz\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- Kurulum Ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 Takip Edin:<\/strong>\n
\n- Kar\u015f\u0131lama ekran\u0131nda “Next”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Lisans anla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 okuyun ve “I accept the terms in the License Agreement”<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fini i\u015faretleyerek “Next”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- \u00d6zelle\u015ftirme ekran\u0131nda, genellikle varsay\u0131lan se\u00e7enekleri de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye gerek yoktur. “Next”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n. (Burada “Set JAVA_HOME variable” ve “Add to PATH” se\u00e7eneklerinin i\u015faretli oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Adoptium y\u00fckleyicisi genellikle bunlar\u0131 otomatik olarak yapar.)<\/li>\n
- Kurulum konumunu se\u00e7in. Varsay\u0131lan olarak
C:\\Program Files\\Eclipse Adoptium\\jdk-17.0.x.y\\<\/code> gibi bir yola kurulur. Bu yolu not al\u0131n, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenleri ayar\u0131 i\u00e7in ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak. “Next”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n- Kurulumu ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in “Install”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n. Y\u00f6netici izni isteyebilir, onaylay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Kurulum tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, “Finish”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenlerini Ayarlama (Manuel Kontrol)<\/h3>\n
Adoptium y\u00fckleyicisi genellikle ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini otomatik olarak ayarlar, ancak yine de kontrol etmek ve gerekirse manuel olarak ayarlamak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu sayede, komut istemcisinden (CMD) veya herhangi bir dizinden Java komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
\n- Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenleri Penceresini A\u00e7\u0131n:<\/strong>\n
\n- Windows arama \u00e7ubu\u011funa “ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenleri”<\/strong> yaz\u0131n ve “Sistem ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini d\u00fczenleyin”<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- A\u00e7\u0131lan “Sistem \u00d6zellikleri” penceresinde “Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenleri…”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- JAVA_HOME De\u011fi\u015fkenini Olu\u015fturma\/D\u00fczenleme:<\/strong>\n
\n- “Sistem de\u011fi\u015fkenleri” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde “Yeni…”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n (e\u011fer yoksa) veya “JAVA_HOME”<\/strong> de\u011fi\u015fkenini bulup “D\u00fczenle…”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- De\u011fi\u015fken ad\u0131:<\/strong>
JAVA_HOME<\/code><\/li>\n- De\u011fi\u015fken de\u011feri:<\/strong> JDK’y\u0131 kurdu\u011funuz dizinin yolu. \u00d6rne\u011fin:
C:\\Program Files\\Eclipse Adoptium\\jdk-17.0.x.y<\/code> (Sondaki \\bin<\/code> klas\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc eklemeyin!).<\/li>\n- “Tamam”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
- Path De\u011fi\u015fkenini D\u00fczenleme:<\/strong>\n
\n- “Sistem de\u011fi\u015fkenleri” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde “Path”<\/strong> de\u011fi\u015fkenini bulun ve se\u00e7in, ard\u0131ndan “D\u00fczenle…”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- A\u00e7\u0131lan pencerede “Yeni”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki de\u011feri ekleyin:\n
%JAVA_HOME%\\bin<\/code><\/pre>\nBu, sistemin JAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkeninin i\u015faret etti\u011fi dizin alt\u0131ndaki bin<\/code> klas\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc (Java y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilir dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu yer) aramas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- E\u011fer
%JAVA_HOME%\\bin<\/code> zaten listede varsa, tekrar eklemenize gerek yoktur.<\/li>\n- T\u00fcm a\u00e7\u0131k pencerelerde “Tamam”<\/strong> butonuna t\u0131klayarak de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydedin ve kapat\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u00d6nemli Not:<\/strong> Ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdikten sonra, komut istemcisini (CMD) veya PowerShell’i kapat\u0131p tekrar a\u00e7man\u0131z gerekmektedir. Aksi takdirde, yap\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fiklikler mevcut oturumda alg\u0131lanmayabilir.<\/p>\nKurulumu Do\u011frulama ve \u0130lk Java Program\u0131<\/h2>\n
Tebrikler! Java JDK’y\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yla kurdunuz ve ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini ayarlad\u0131n\u0131z. \u015eimdi her \u015feyin do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in kurulumu do\u011frulayal\u0131m ve basit bir Java program\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ral\u0131m.<\/p>\n
Kurulumu Komut \u0130stemi (CMD) ile Do\u011frulama<\/h3>\n\n- Komut \u0130stemi’ni A\u00e7\u0131n:<\/strong>\n
Windows arama \u00e7ubu\u011funa “cmd”<\/strong> yaz\u0131n ve “Komut \u0130stemi”<\/strong> uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- Java S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Kontrol Edin:<\/strong>\n
Komut istemcisine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu yaz\u0131n ve Enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131n:<\/p>\n
java -version<\/code><\/pre>\nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakine benzer bir \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz (s\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir):<\/p>\n
openjdk version \"17.0.x\" 202x-xx-xx\nOpenJDK Runtime Environment Temurin-17.0.x+y (build 17.0.x+y)\nOpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM Temurin-17.0.x+y (build 17.0.x+y, mixed mode, sharing)<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n- Java Derleyici S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Kontrol Edin:<\/strong>\n
Java kodu derlemek i\u00e7in gereken javac<\/code> derleyicisinin de kurulu oldu\u011funu kontrol edelim:<\/p>\njavac -version<\/code><\/pre>\nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakine benzer bir \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz:<\/p>\n
javac 17.0.x<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n- JAVA_HOME De\u011fi\u015fkenini Kontrol Edin:<\/strong>\n
JAVA_HOME<\/code> ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeninin do\u011fru ayarlan\u0131p ayarlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin:<\/p>\necho %JAVA_HOME%<\/code><\/pre>\nBu komut, JAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkenine atad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yolu (\u00f6rne\u011fin, C:\\Program Files\\Eclipse Adoptium\\jdk-17.0.x.y<\/code>) g\u00f6stermelidir.<\/p>\n<\/ol>\nE\u011fer bu komutlar beklenen \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131 veriyorsa, Java JDK kurulumunuz ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 demektir!<\/p>\n
\u0130lk Java Program\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (“Merhaba D\u00fcnya”)<\/h3>\n
\u015eimdi Java kurulumunuzu test etmek i\u00e7in basit bir “Merhaba D\u00fcnya” program\u0131 yaz\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ral\u0131m.<\/p>\n
\n- Java Kodu Yaz\u0131n:<\/strong>\n
Herhangi bir metin d\u00fczenleyici (Not Defteri, VS Code, Notepad++ vb.) a\u00e7\u0131n ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kodu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
public class MerhabaDunya {\n public static void main(String[] args) {\n System.out.println(\"Merhaba, Java D\u00fcnyas\u0131!\");\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n- Dosyay\u0131 Kaydedin:<\/strong>\n
Dosyay\u0131 MerhabaDunya.java<\/code> ad\u0131yla, kolay eri\u015febilece\u011finiz bir konuma (\u00f6rne\u011fin, C:\\Users\\KullaniciAdiniz\\JavaProjelerim<\/code> veya Masa\u00fcst\u00fc gibi) kaydedin. Dosya ad\u0131n\u0131n, public class<\/code> tan\u0131m\u0131ndaki s\u0131n\u0131f ad\u0131yla (MerhabaDunya<\/code>) tam olarak e\u015fle\u015fti\u011finden emin olun ve uzant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n .java<\/code> oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- Komut \u0130stemi’ni A\u00e7\u0131n ve Dizinine Gidin:<\/strong>\n
Yeni bir komut istemi a\u00e7\u0131n ve cd<\/code> komutunu kullanarak MerhabaDunya.java<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti\u011finiz dizine gidin. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\ncd C:\\Users\\KullaniciAdiniz\\JavaProjelerim<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n- Java Kodunu Derleyin:<\/strong>\n
Java dosyas\u0131n\u0131 derlemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullan\u0131n:<\/p>\n
javac MerhabaDunya.java<\/code><\/pre>\nBu komut ba\u015far\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa, ayn\u0131 dizinde MerhabaDunya.class<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir dosya olu\u015facakt\u0131r. Herhangi bir hata mesaj\u0131 al\u0131rsan\u0131z, kodunuzda veya dosya ad\u0131nda bir yaz\u0131m hatas\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- Java Program\u0131n\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/strong>\n
Derlenmi\u015f Java program\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullan\u0131n:<\/p>\n
java MerhabaDunya<\/code><\/pre>\nEkranda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz:<\/p>\n
Merhaba, Java D\u00fcnyas\u0131!<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/ol>\nBu \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcyseniz, Java geli\u015ftirme ortam\u0131n\u0131z tamamen ayarlanm\u0131\u015f ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya haz\u0131rd\u0131r! Art\u0131k Java ile kendi uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 ve S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular (SSS)<\/h2>\n
Bu rehberde, Windows 10 i\u015fletim sisteminizde Java Geli\u015ftirme Kiti’ni (JDK) ba\u015far\u0131yla indirme, kurma ve ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini ayarlama ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendiniz. Art\u0131k Java uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in gereken temel altyap\u0131ya sahipsiniz. Bu noktadan sonra, Java \u00f6\u011frenme yolculu\u011funuza devam edebilir, pop\u00fcler IDE’lerden (IntelliJ IDEA, Eclipse, VS Code) birini kurarak daha verimli bir geli\u015ftirme ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular (SSS)<\/h3>\n
1. JDK ve JRE aras\u0131ndaki temel fark nedir?<\/strong>
\n Cevap:<\/strong> JRE (Java Runtime Environment) sadece Java uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in yeterlidir. JDK (Java Development Kit) ise JRE’yi ve Java uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in gereken derleyici (javac<\/code>) ve di\u011fer ara\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Geli\u015ftirme yapacaksan\u0131z JDK’ya ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n2. Neden JAVA_HOME ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenini ayarlamam\u0131z gerekiyor?<\/strong>
\n Cevap:<\/strong> JAVA_HOME<\/code>, di\u011fer programlar\u0131n ve ara\u00e7lar\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Maven, Gradle, baz\u0131 IDE’ler) Java kurulumunuzun nerede oldu\u011funu kolayca bulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir standartt\u0131r. Path<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkenine %JAVA_HOME%\\bin<\/code> eklemek ise Java komutlar\u0131n\u0131 (java<\/code>, javac<\/code>) komut istemcisinden herhangi bir dizinden do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n3. Windows’ta “java is not recognized as an internal or external command” hatas\u0131 al\u0131yorum, ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/strong>
\n Cevap:<\/strong> Bu hata genellikle Path<\/code> ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeninin do\u011fru ayarlanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 veya komut istemcisinin ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeni de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini alg\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n\nPath<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkenine %JAVA_HOME%\\bin<\/code> yolunu do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde ekledi\u011finizden emin olun.<\/li>\nJAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkeninin do\u011fru JDK kurulum dizinini g\u00f6sterdi\u011finden emin olun.<\/li>\n- Ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdikten sonra komut istemcisini kapat\u0131p tekrar a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
4. Bilgisayar\u0131mda birden fazla Java s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kurulu olabilir mi? Nas\u0131l y\u00f6netirim?<\/strong>
\n Cevap:<\/strong> Evet, birden fazla Java s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kurulu olabilir. Genellikle en son kurulan veya Path<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkeninde daha \u00fcstte yer alan s\u00fcr\u00fcm varsay\u0131lan olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 projeler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 Java s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri gerekiyorsa, JAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkenini manuel olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir veya jEnv (Linux\/macOS i\u00e7in) veya SDKMAN! (Linux\/macOS i\u00e7in) gibi ara\u00e7lar kullanarak Java s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini kolayca y\u00f6netebilirsiniz. Windows i\u00e7in manuel olarak JAVA_HOME<\/code>‘u de\u011fi\u015ftirmek veya farkl\u0131 IDE’lerin kendi Java ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n5. Java geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in hangi IDE’yi (Entegre Geli\u015ftirme Ortam\u0131) kullanmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/strong>
\n Cevap:<\/strong> Bir\u00e7ok pop\u00fcler Java IDE’si bulunmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n- IntelliJ IDEA:<\/strong> Genellikle en pop\u00fcler ve modern IDE olarak kabul edilir. Hem \u00fccretsiz Community s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc hem de \u00fccretli Ultimate s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc bulunur.<\/li>\n
- Eclipse:<\/strong> Uzun y\u0131llard\u0131r var olan, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir IDE’dir. \u00d6zellikle kurumsal Java projelerinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- Visual Studio Code (VS Code):<\/strong> Java eklentileriyle birlikte hafif ama g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kod d\u00fczenleyici ve IDE benzeri bir ortam sunar. Yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in iyi bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olabilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Se\u00e7iminiz ki\u015fisel tercihinize ve projenizin gereksinimlerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
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