{"id":38193,"date":"2026-01-25T14:00:32","date_gmt":"2026-01-25T11:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/"},"modified":"2026-01-25T14:00:32","modified_gmt":"2026-01-25T11:00:32","slug":"ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/","title":{"rendered":"SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi"},"content":{"rendered":"

SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi<\/h2>\n

SSH (Secure Shell) varsay\u0131lan portu olan 22’yi g\u00fcvenlik amac\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirmek yayg\u0131n bir uygulamad\u0131r. Ancak bu de\u011fi\u015fiklik, \u00f6zellikle anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa, sunucuya eri\u015fim sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu makale, SSH varsay\u0131lan portunu de\u011fi\u015ftirdikten sonra anahtarla giri\u015f yap\u0131lamamas\u0131 sorununu detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyecek, olas\u0131 nedenleri a\u00e7\u0131klayacak ve ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yollar\u0131 sunacakt\u0131r. Amac\u0131m\u0131z, hem deneyimli sistem y\u00f6neticileri hem de yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir rehber sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Neden SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftiririz?<\/h3>\n

SSH varsay\u0131lan portunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik proaktif bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. Bu uygulama, \u00f6zellikle botlar ve otomatik taray\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen kaba kuvvet sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 birincil savunma hatt\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcvenlik Avantajlar\u0131<\/h4>\n

Varsay\u0131lan portun de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi, otomatik taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ve botlar\u0131n sunucunuzu kolayca bulmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller. Bu, SSH portunu do\u011frudan hedefleyen kaba kuvvet sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r. Sald\u0131rganlar, rastgele bir port \u00fczerinde SSH servisi aramak yerine, genellikle bilinen portlara odaklan\u0131r. Port de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, sunucunuzu “g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan gizlenmi\u015f” hale getirmez, ancak ilk sald\u0131r\u0131 dalgas\u0131ndan korunman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n

Yayg\u0131n Uygulama Alanlar\u0131<\/h4>\n

\u00d6zellikle internete a\u00e7\u0131k sunucular, VPS’ler (Sanal \u00d6zel Sunucular) ve bulut tabanl\u0131 sistemlerde bu y\u00f6ntem s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eirket i\u00e7i a\u011flarda veya belirli IP k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 olan ortamlarda daha az kritik olabilirken, genel eri\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k her sistem i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen bir g\u00fcvenlik ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anahtarla Kimlik Do\u011frulama Nedir ve Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h3>\n

Anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama, SSH ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131nda parola kullan\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha g\u00fcvenli bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Bu y\u00f6ntem, kriptografik anahtar \u00e7iftleri \u00fczerine kuruludur.<\/p>\n

Genel Bak\u0131\u015f: Public\/Private Anahtar \u00c7iftleri<\/h4>\n

SSH anahtar \u00e7ifti, biri herkese a\u00e7\u0131k (public key) di\u011feri gizli (private key) olmak \u00fczere iki anahtardan olu\u015fur. Genel anahtar, sunucuya yerle\u015ftirilir ve herkesle payla\u015f\u0131labilir. \u00d6zel anahtar ise istemci taraf\u0131nda, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilgisayar\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde saklan\u0131r ve asla kimseyle payla\u015f\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu iki anahtar matematiksel olarak birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kimlik Do\u011frulama S\u00fcreci<\/h4>\n

\u0130stemci bir SSH ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sunucu istemcinin kimli\u011fini do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in genel anahtar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131r. \u0130stemci, \u00f6zel anahtar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak bir meydan okumaya (challenge) yan\u0131t verir. E\u011fer yan\u0131t do\u011fruysa, sunucu istemcinin kimli\u011fini do\u011frular ve ba\u011flant\u0131ya izin verir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, parolalar\u0131n a\u011f \u00fczerinden g\u00f6nderilmesini gerektirmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in kaba kuvvet sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok daha diren\u00e7lidir.<\/p>\n

Port De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin Anahtarla Kimlik Do\u011frulamaya Etkisi<\/h3>\n

SSH portunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulamay\u0131 do\u011frudan etkilemez, ancak istemcinin ve sunucunun do\u011fru portta ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektirir. Sorunlar genellikle yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131land\u0131rmadan veya g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 engellerinden kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

SSH \u0130stemci Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h4>\n

Varsay\u0131lan olarak, SSH istemcisi port 22 \u00fczerinden ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. E\u011fer sunucu portu de\u011fi\u015ftirildiyse, istemcinin de yeni portu bilmesi ve bu port \u00fczerinden ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmas\u0131 gerekir. Aksi takdirde, ba\u011flant\u0131 reddedilir veya zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131na u\u011frar.<\/p>\n

SSH Sunucu Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h4>\n

Sunucu taraf\u0131nda, sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda belirtilen Port<\/code> de\u011feri, SSH daemon’\u0131n\u0131n hangi portu dinleyece\u011fini belirler. Bu de\u011ferin do\u011fru ayarlanmamas\u0131 veya SSH servisinin yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmamas\u0131, sunucunun yeni portu dinlememesine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 Engelleri<\/h4>\n

Yeni SSH portunun g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 (firewall) \u00fczerinde a\u00e7\u0131lmamas\u0131, ba\u011flant\u0131 hatas\u0131n\u0131n en yayg\u0131n nedenlerinden biridir. G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131, belirtilen port \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm gelen ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 engelleyerek, istemcinin sunucuya ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.<\/p>\n

Sorunun Belirtileri ve \u0130lk Kontroller<\/h3>\n

Port de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi sonras\u0131 anahtar ile giri\u015f yap\u0131lamamas\u0131 durumunda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z belirtiler ve yapman\u0131z gereken ilk kontroller \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

Hata Mesajlar\u0131 ve Anlamlar\u0131<\/h4>\n

Genellikle alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hata mesajlar\u0131 \u015funlara benzer olabilir:
\n* ssh: connect to host your_server_ip port 22: Connection refused<\/code> (E\u011fer istemci hala varsay\u0131lan portu deniyorsa)
\n* ssh: connect to host your_server_ip port new_port: Connection timed out<\/code> (E\u011fer g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 engelliyorsa veya servis dinlemiyorsa)
\n* Permission denied (publickey).<\/code> (Bu mesaj genellikle anahtar\u0131n kendisiyle ilgili bir sorun oldu\u011funda veya sunucuda anahtar\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr, ancak port hatas\u0131yla da kar\u0131\u015fabilir.)<\/p>\n

Temel Ba\u011flant\u0131 Testleri (telnet, nc)<\/h4>\n

Sunucunun yeni portu dinleyip dinlemedi\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131n engellemedi\u011fini kontrol etmek i\u00e7in telnet<\/code> veya netcat (nc)<\/code> kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n

telnet your_server_ip new_port\n# veya\nnc -vz your_server_ip new_port<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nE\u011fer ba\u011flant\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olursa, \"Connected\" veya benzeri bir mesaj g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olursa, \"Connection refused\" veya \"Connection timed out\" gibi bir mesaj al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z, bu da genellikle g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 veya servis dinleme sorununa i\u015faret eder.<\/p>\n
Sunucu Taraf\u0131 Log Kay\u0131tlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Sunucu taraf\u0131ndaki SSH loglar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek, sorunun kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.
\n*   Debian\/Ubuntu tabanl\u0131 sistemlerde: \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/code>
\n*   CentOS\/RHEL tabanl\u0131 sistemlerde: \/var\/log\/secure<\/code>
\nBu dosyalarda, ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z ba\u011flant\u0131 denemeleri, kimlik do\u011frulama hatalar\u0131 veya SSH servisinin ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili sorunlar hakk\u0131nda ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Sorun Giderme ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm Yollar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in hem sunucu hem de istemci taraf\u0131nda yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken kontroller ve d\u00fczeltmeler bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sunucu Taraf\u0131 Kontrolleri<\/h4>\n
Sunucuya fiziksel veya konsol eri\u015fiminiz (cloud sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 paneli \u00fczerinden) olmas\u0131 bu ad\u0131mlar i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n
sshd_config<\/code> Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 Do\u011frulama<\/h5>\n
SSH daemon yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 olan \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. Port<\/code> y\u00f6nergesinin yeni port numaran\u0131z\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011finden emin olun.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 bulun veya ekleyin:<\/p>\n
Port YourNewPortNumber<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nYourNewPortNumber<\/code> yerine belirledi\u011finiz port numaras\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131n. Ayr\u0131ca, anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulaman\u0131n etkin oldu\u011fundan emin olun:<\/p>\n
PubkeyAuthentication yes<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nDosyay\u0131 kaydedip kapat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
SSH Servisini Yeniden Ba\u015flatma<\/h5>\n
Yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin etkili olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in SSH servisini yeniden ba\u015flatman\u0131z gerekir:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart sshd\n# veya eski sistemlerde\nsudo service sshd restart<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nServisin durumunu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl status sshd<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nHerhangi bir hata mesaj\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 Kurallar\u0131n\u0131 G\u00fcncelleme<\/h5>\n
G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n yeni SSH portuna gelen ba\u011flant\u0131lara izin verdi\u011finden emin olun.<\/p>\n
*   UFW (Ubuntu\/Debian):<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow YourNewPortNumber\/tcp\n    sudo ufw reload\n    sudo ufw status<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
*   Firewalld (CentOS\/RHEL):<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=YourNewPortNumber\/tcp\n    sudo firewall-cmd --reload\n    sudo firewall-cmd --list-all<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
*   IPTables (Genel Linux):<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport YourNewPortNumber -j ACCEPT\n    sudo iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp --sport YourNewPortNumber -j ACCEPT\n    # Kurallar\u0131 kaydetmeyi unutmay\u0131n, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ma g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fir.\n    # \u00d6rne\u011fin, Debian\/Ubuntu'da sudo apt install iptables-persistent<\/code> ve sudo netfilter-persistent save<\/code>\n    # CentOS\/RHEL'de sudo service iptables save<\/code> veya sudo iptables-save > \/etc\/sysconfig\/iptables<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\n    \u00d6nemli:<\/strong> G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurallar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlerken \u00e7ok dikkatli olun. Yanl\u0131\u015f bir kural, t\u00fcm eri\u015fimi kaybetmenize neden olabilir.<\/p>\n
SELinux\/AppArmor Politikalar\u0131n\u0131 Kontrol Etme<\/h5>\n
Baz\u0131 sistemlerde (\u00f6zellikle CentOS\/RHEL'de SELinux, Ubuntu'da AppArmor), varsay\u0131lan SSH portu d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki portlar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ek yap\u0131land\u0131rma gerektirebilir.
\n*   SELinux i\u00e7in:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp YourNewPortNumber<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\n    Bu komut, SELinux'a yeni portun SSH i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na izin verildi\u011fini s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n
\u0130stemci Taraf\u0131 Kontrolleri<\/h4>\n
Sunucu taraf\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm ayarlar\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan eminseniz, sorun istemci taraf\u0131nda olabilir.<\/p>\n
ssh<\/code> Komutuna Port Belirtme<\/h5>\n
En basit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, ssh<\/code> komutunu kullan\u0131rken -p<\/code> bayra\u011f\u0131 ile yeni port numaras\u0131n\u0131 belirtmektir:<\/p>\n
ssh -i ~\/.ssh\/your_private_key -p YourNewPortNumber user@your_server_ip<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nyour_private_key<\/code> yerine \u00f6zel anahtar dosyan\u0131z\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131, user<\/code> yerine sunucudaki kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve your_server_ip<\/code> yerine sunucunuzun IP adresini veya alan ad\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131n.<\/p>\n
~\/.ssh\/config<\/code> Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131rma<\/h5>\n
Her seferinde port numaras\u0131n\u0131 belirtmek yerine, SSH yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyan\u0131z\u0131 (~\/.ssh\/config<\/code>) d\u00fczenleyerek bu i\u015flemi otomatikle\u015ftirebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
nano ~\/.ssh\/config<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi bir giri\u015f ekleyin:<\/p>\n
Host myserver\n    HostName your_server_ip_or_domain\n    User your_username\n    Port YourNewPortNumber\n    IdentityFile ~\/.ssh\/your_private_key<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nArt\u0131k sunucuya sadece ssh myserver<\/code> komutuyla ba\u011flanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Anahtar \u0130zinlerini Kontrol Etme (chmod<\/code>)<\/h5>\n
\u00d6zel anahtar dosyan\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru izinlere sahip oldu\u011fundan emin olun. SSH, \u00f6zel anahtar dosyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok a\u00e7\u0131k izinlere sahip olmas\u0131 durumunda ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 reddeder.<\/p>\n
chmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/your_private_key<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nBu komut, sadece dosya sahibinin okuma ve yazma iznine sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
ssh-agent<\/code> Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h5>\n
Birden fazla anahtar kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z veya anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n parolas\u0131 varsa, ssh-agent<\/code> ve ssh-add<\/code> kullanarak anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 belle\u011fe y\u00fckleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
eval \"$(ssh-agent -s)\"\nssh-add ~\/.ssh\/your_private_key<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nBu, her ba\u011flant\u0131 denemesinde anahtar yolunu veya parolas\u0131n\u0131 tekrar girmek zorunda kalman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n
Ge\u00e7ici \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler ve Kurtarma Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h4>\n
E\u011fer SSH eri\u015fiminiz tamamen kesildiyse, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki y\u00f6ntemlerle sunucunuza tekrar eri\u015fim sa\u011flayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Konsol Eri\u015fimi ile D\u00fczeltme<\/h5>\n
Fiziksel bir sunucuya veya bir sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma platformu (VMware, Proxmox vb.) \u00fczerinden sanal makineye eri\u015fiminiz varsa, do\u011frudan konsol \u00fczerinden giri\u015f yaparak yukar\u0131daki sunucu taraf\u0131 kontrollerini yapabilirsiniz. Bu en g\u00fcvenli ve do\u011frudan y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n
Cloud Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 Panelleri \u00dczerinden Kurtarma<\/h5>\n
AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, DigitalOcean gibi bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 genellikle web tabanl\u0131 konsol eri\u015fimi (\u00f6rne\u011fin, AWS EC2 Instance Connect, DigitalOcean Console) sunar. Bu konsol arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sunucunuza eri\u015febilir, sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczeltebilir, g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yapabilir ve SSH servisini yeniden ba\u015flatabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Ek G\u00fcvenlik \u00d6nlemleri ve En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/h3>\n
SSH g\u00fcvenli\u011fini daha da art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ek \u00f6nlemleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
Parola ile Giri\u015fi Devre D\u0131\u015f\u0131 B\u0131rakma<\/h4>\n
Anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulaman\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011finden tam olarak yararlanmak i\u00e7in parola ile giri\u015fi tamamen devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n. \/etc\/ssh\/sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda:<\/p>\n
PasswordAuthentication no<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
Root ile Giri\u015fi Engelleme<\/h4>\n
Do\u011frudan root<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131yla SSH \u00fczerinden giri\u015f yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek, g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. Bunun yerine, normal bir kullan\u0131c\u0131yla giri\u015f yap\u0131p sudo<\/code> kullanarak yetkili komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
PermitRootLogin no<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
Fail2ban Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h4>\n
Fail2ban, ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z giri\u015f denemelerini izleyen ve belirli bir say\u0131da ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z denemeden sonra IP adreslerini otomatik olarak engelleyen bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Kaba kuvvet sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 ek bir koruma katman\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Anahtar Y\u00f6netimi<\/h4>\n
\u00d6zel anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 her zaman g\u00fcvende tutun. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir parola ile \u015fifreleyin ve asla kimseyle payla\u015fmay\u0131n. Kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z eski anahtarlar\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak silin.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
SSH varsay\u0131lan portunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, sunucu g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in etkili bir y\u00f6ntemdir, ancak yanl\u0131\u015f yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu makalede ele al\u0131nan ad\u0131m ad\u0131m sorun giderme ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm y\u00f6ntemleri sayesinde, bu t\u00fcr sorunlar\u0131 kolayca te\u015fhis edip \u00e7\u00f6zebilirsiniz. Unutmay\u0131n, do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131rma ve g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurallar\u0131, sorunsuz bir SSH deneyimi i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Her zaman sunucu yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 dikkatli bir \u015fekilde kontrol edin ve de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden sonra SSH servisini yeniden ba\u015flatmay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
SSS (S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular)<\/h3>\n
SSH portunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek neden anahtar tabanl\u0131 giri\u015fi etkiler?<\/h4>\n
SSH portunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmek, anahtar tabanl\u0131 giri\u015fi do\u011frudan etkilemez. Ancak, istemcinin sunucuya ba\u011flanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 port ile sunucunun dinledi\u011fi portun e\u015fle\u015fmemesi durumunda ba\u011flant\u0131 hatas\u0131 olu\u015fur. Anahtar tabanl\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama s\u00fcreci, ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulduktan sonra ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
SSH anahtar\u0131m\u0131 kaybettim, ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/h4>\n
\u00d6zel anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kaybettiyseniz ve sunucuya ba\u015fka bir yolla (konsol eri\u015fimi, parola ile giri\u015f vb.) eri\u015femiyorsan\u0131z, sunucuya eri\u015fiminizi kaybetmi\u015f olabilirsiniz. Bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, genellikle yeni bir anahtar \u00e7ifti olu\u015fturup sunucuya ekleme veya sunucuyu s\u0131f\u0131rlama se\u00e7enekleri sunulur. Fiziksel sunucularda ise i\u015fletim sistemi kurtarma moduna ge\u00e7erek anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l kontrol edebilirim?<\/h4>\n
G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fen komutlar\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz:
\n*   UFW:<\/strong> sudo ufw status<\/code>
\n*   Firewalld:<\/strong> sudo firewall-cmd --list-all<\/code>
\n*   IPTables:<\/strong> sudo iptables -L -n -v<\/code><\/p>\n
sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fczenlersem ne olur?<\/h4>\n
sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f d\u00fczenlerseniz ve SSH servisini yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131rsan\u0131z, SSH eri\u015fiminiz tamamen kesilebilir. Bu durumda, sunucuya konsol eri\u015fimi (fiziksel sunucularda veya bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 panelleri \u00fczerinden) ile ba\u011flanarak hatay\u0131 d\u00fczeltmeniz gerekir. Her zaman de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmadan \u00f6nce sshd_config<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131n bir yede\u011fini alman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririz.<\/p>\n
Birden fazla SSH anahtar\u0131 kullanabilir miyim?<\/h4>\n
Evet, birden fazla SSH anahtar\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz. ~\/.ssh\/config<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda farkl\u0131 Host<\/code> giri\u015fleri i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 IdentityFile<\/code> yollar\u0131 belirterek her sunucu i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir anahtar kullanabilirsiniz. Ayr\u0131ca, ssh-add<\/code> komutuyla birden fazla anahtar\u0131 ssh-agent<\/code>'a ekleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi\nSSH (Secure Shell) varsay\u0131lan portu olan 22’yi g\u00fcvenlik amac\u0131yla …","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-38193","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nSSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi SSH (Secure Shell) varsay\u0131lan portu olan 22'yi g\u00fcvenlik amac\u0131yla ...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-01-25T11:00:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"12 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-25T11:00:32+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/\"},\"wordCount\":2064,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2026\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ssh-varsayilan-portunu-degistirdikten-sonra-anahtarla-giris-hatasinin-giderilmesi\/\",\"name\":\"SSH Varsay\u0131lan Portunu De\u011fi\u015ftirdikten Sonra Anahtarla Giri\u015f Hatas\u0131n\u0131n Giderilmesi - 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