{"id":37972,"date":"2026-01-20T07:40:47","date_gmt":"2026-01-20T04:40:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=37972"},"modified":"2026-01-20T07:40:47","modified_gmt":"2026-01-20T04:40:47","slug":"ubuntu-14-04-sunucusuna-node-js-kurulumu-kapsamli-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/ubuntu-14-04-sunucusuna-node-js-kurulumu-kapsamli-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"Ubuntu 14.04 Sunucusuna Node.js Kurulumu Kapsaml\u0131 Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<h2>Ubuntu 14.04 Sunucusuna Node.js Kurulumu Kapsaml\u0131 Rehberi<\/h2>\n<p>Node.js, sunucu taraf\u0131 uygulamalar geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, JavaScript tabanl\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zaman\u0131 bir ortam\u0131d\u0131r. Olay odakl\u0131, engellemeyen G\/\u00c7 modeli sayesinde hafif ve verimli bir yap\u0131 sunar. Bu \u00f6zellikleri, onu ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 uygulamalar, mikro hizmetler ve API&#8217;ler gibi y\u00fcksek performans gerektiren senaryolar i\u00e7in ideal bir se\u00e7enek haline getirmi\u015ftir. JavaScript&#8217;i hem istemci hem de sunucu taraf\u0131nda kullanabilme yetene\u011fi, geli\u015ftiricilere tam y\u0131\u011f\u0131n (full-stack) deneyimi sunarak kod taban\u0131 tutarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r ve geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecini h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu makale, pop\u00fcler bir Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 olan Ubuntu&#8217;nun 14.04 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc \u00fczerinde Node.js kurulumunu ad\u0131m ad\u0131m ve kapsaml\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alacakt\u0131r. Ubuntu 14.04, art\u0131k uzun s\u00fcreli destek (LTS) s\u00fcresini tamamlam\u0131\u015f eski bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm olsa da, mevcut sistemlerde Node.js \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ihtiyac\u0131 veya \u00f6\u011frenme ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131mlar i\u00e7in bu rehber hala ge\u00e7erlili\u011fini korumaktad\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7 ve tercihlere y\u00f6nelik olarak birden fazla kurulum y\u00f6ntemini inceleyece\u011fiz: Ubuntu&#8217;nun varsay\u0131lan depolar\u0131ndan kurulum, NodeSource PPA kullanarak daha g\u00fcncel bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm elde etme, Node Version Manager (NVM) ile birden fazla Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00f6netme ve son olarak kaynaktan derleyerek kurulum yapma. Her y\u00f6ntemin avantajlar\u0131 ve dezavantajlar\u0131 ile birlikte, kurulum sonras\u0131 yayg\u0131n ad\u0131mlar ve olas\u0131 sorun giderme y\u00f6ntemleri de detayland\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>### \u00d6n Ko\u015fullar<\/p>\n<p>Node.js kurulumuna ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6n ko\u015fullar\u0131n yerine getirildi\u011finden emin olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n<p>*   <strong>Ubuntu 14.04 Sunucusu:<\/strong> Kurulumu yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir Ubuntu 14.04 sunucunuz olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, fiziksel bir sunucu, sanal makine veya bulut tabanl\u0131 bir \u00f6rnek olabilir.<br \/>\n*   <strong>Root veya Sudo Yetkileri:<\/strong> Kurulum komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in <code>root<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak oturum a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olman\u0131z veya <code>sudo<\/code> yetkilerine sahip bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bulunmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<br \/>\n*   <strong>\u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Sunucunuzun paketleri indirebilmesi i\u00e7in aktif bir internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r.<br \/>\n*   <strong>Temel Terminal Bilgisi:<\/strong> Linux komut sat\u0131r\u0131 ve temel terminal i\u015flemleri hakk\u0131nda bilgi sahibi olmak, ad\u0131mlar\u0131 takip etmenizi kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu \u00f6n ko\u015fullar sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Node.js kurulumuna ge\u00e7meye haz\u0131r\u0131z.<\/p>\n<p>### Node.js Kurulum Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/p>\n<p>Node.js&#8217;i Ubuntu 14.04 \u00fczerine kurmak i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntem bulunmaktad\u0131r. Her y\u00f6ntemin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc avantajlar\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m senaryolar\u0131 vard\u0131r. \u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131za en uygun olan\u0131 se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in her birini inceleyelim.<\/p>\n<p>#### Y\u00f6ntem 1: Ubuntu&#8217;nun Resmi Depolar\u0131ndan Kurulum<\/p>\n<p>Bu y\u00f6ntem, Node.js&#8217;i Ubuntu&#8217;nun resmi paket y\u00f6neticisi olan APT (Advanced Package Tool) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kurman\u0131n en basit yoludur. Ancak, Ubuntu 14.04&#8217;\u00fcn depolar\u0131nda bulunan Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc genellikle olduk\u00e7a eski olacakt\u0131r. Bu durum, en son \u00f6zelliklere veya g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemelerine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa bir dezavantaj olabilir. Yine de, h\u0131zl\u0131 bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yapmak veya \u00e7ok spesifik bir eski s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kullanmak istiyorsan\u0131z bu y\u00f6ntem uygun olabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 1: Paket Listesini G\u00fcncelleme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kuruluma ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, sunucunuzdaki paket listesini g\u00fcncelleyerek en son paket bilgilerini ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt-get update<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 2: Node.js ve NPM&#8217;i Kurma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Paket listesi g\u00fcncellendikten sonra, <code>nodejs<\/code> ve <code>npm<\/code> (Node Package Manager) paketlerini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutla kurabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt-get install nodejs npm<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Ubuntu 14.04&#8217;te, <code>nodejs<\/code> paketi genellikle <code>node<\/code> komutu yerine <code>nodejs<\/code> komutunu kullan\u0131r. Bu durum, baz\u0131 Node.js uygulamalar\u0131 veya komut dosyalar\u0131 i\u00e7in sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu sorunu a\u015fmak i\u00e7in, <code>node<\/code> komutuna bir sembolik ba\u011flant\u0131 (symlink) olu\u015fturman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo ln -s \/usr\/bin\/nodejs \/usr\/bin\/node<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 3: Kurulumu Do\u011frulama<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, Node.js ve NPM&#8217;in do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kuruldu\u011funu ve s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini kontrol ederek do\u011frulayabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">node -v\nnpm -v<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131 olarak y\u00fckl\u00fc Node.js ve NPM s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini g\u00f6rmelisiniz. Unutmay\u0131n, bu s\u00fcr\u00fcmler Ubuntu 14.04&#8217;\u00fcn depolar\u0131ndaki eski s\u00fcr\u00fcmler olacakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Node.js v0.10.x gibi bir s\u00fcr\u00fcmle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>#### Y\u00f6ntem 2: NodeSource PPA Kullanarak Kurulum (\u00d6nerilen Y\u00f6ntem)<\/p>\n<p>NodeSource, Node.js&#8217;in daha g\u00fcncel s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini Ubuntu ve di\u011fer Debian tabanl\u0131 sistemler i\u00e7in sa\u011flayan \u00f6zel bir PPA (Personal Package Archive) sunar. Bu y\u00f6ntem, Ubuntu&#8217;nun resmi depolar\u0131ndan daha yeni Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine eri\u015fmenizi sa\u011flar ve genellikle \u00fcretim ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha g\u00fcncel g\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve performans iyile\u015ftirmelerini i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 1: NodeSource PPA&#8217;y\u0131 Ekleme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NodeSource PPA&#8217;y\u0131 eklemek i\u00e7in \u00f6ncelikle <code>curl<\/code> paketini kurman\u0131z gerekebilir:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt-get install curl<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Ard\u0131ndan, Node.js&#8217;in belirli bir LTS (Uzun S\u00fcreli Destek) s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7erek PPA&#8217;y\u0131 sisteminize ekleyebilirsiniz. Ubuntu 14.04 i\u00e7in Node.js 8.x veya 10.x gibi LTS s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri genellikle iyi bir denge sunar. Bu \u00f6rnekte Node.js 8.x&#8217;i kullanaca\u011f\u0131z, ancak ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re <code>setup_8.x<\/code> k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 <code>setup_10.x<\/code> veya <code>setup_12.x<\/code> (e\u011fer 14.04 i\u00e7in destekleniyorsa) ile de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">curl -sL https:\/\/deb.nodesource.com\/setup_8.x | sudo -E bash -<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu komut, NodeSource PPA&#8217;y\u0131 sisteminize ekler ve ayn\u0131 zamanda paket listenizi otomatik olarak g\u00fcnceller. <code>sudo -E<\/code> se\u00e7ene\u011fi, mevcut ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini (PATH gibi) komuta aktarmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 2: Node.js&#8217;i Kurma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PPA eklendikten ve paket listesi g\u00fcncellendikten sonra, Node.js&#8217;i a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutla kurabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt-get install nodejs<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu kurulum, <code>node<\/code> komutunu do\u011frudan kullanman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar ve <code>npm<\/code> de Node.js ile birlikte otomatik olarak kurulur. Ayr\u0131 bir sembolik ba\u011flant\u0131 olu\u015fturman\u0131za gerek kalmaz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 3: Kurulumu Do\u011frulama<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kurulumu do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in Node.js ve NPM s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini kontrol edin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">node -v\nnpm -v<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Art\u0131k Ubuntu&#8217;nun depolar\u0131ndan alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan \u00e7ok daha yeni bir Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne sahip olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z (\u00f6rne\u011fin, v8.x.x veya v10.x.x).<\/p>\n<p>#### Y\u00f6ntem 3: NVM (Node Version Manager) Kullanarak Kurulum<\/p>\n<p>NVM, Node.js&#8217;in birden fazla s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ayn\u0131 sistemde y\u00f6netmenizi sa\u011flayan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Bu, farkl\u0131 projeler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011funda veya yeni bir Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc test etmek istedi\u011finizde son derece kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. NVM, Node.js&#8217;i kullan\u0131c\u0131 bazl\u0131 olarak kurar, yani sistem genelinde bir kurulum yerine, NVM&#8217;i kuran kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n eri\u015febilece\u011fi bir dizine y\u00fckler.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 1: NVM \u0130\u00e7in Gerekli Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 Kurma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NVM&#8217;i ve Node.js&#8217;i kaynak koddan derlemek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klara ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. Bu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutla kurun:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 2: NVM&#8217;i Kurma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NVM&#8217;i kurmak i\u00e7in, GitHub deposundan kurulum beti\u011fini indirmek ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak en kolay yoldur. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullanarak en g\u00fcncel NVM s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kurabilirsiniz (s\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in NVM GitHub sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret edebilirsiniz):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">curl -o- https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/nvm-sh\/nvm\/v0.39.1\/install.sh | bash<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Kurulum beti\u011fi tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, NVM&#8217;in kabu\u011funuza y\u00fcklenmesi i\u00e7in terminal oturumunuzu yeniden ba\u015flatman\u0131z veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlardan birini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekir:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">source ~\/.bashrc\n<h2>veya<\/h2>\nsource ~\/.profile\n<h2>veya<\/h2>\nsource ~\/.nvm\/nvm.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>NVM&#8217;in ba\u015far\u0131yla kuruldu\u011funu do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in <code>nvm --version<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. NVM s\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 3: Node.js S\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini NVM ile Kurma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NVM kurulduktan sonra, istedi\u011finiz Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini kurmaya ba\u015flayabilirsiniz. \u00d6nce mevcut Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini listelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm ls-remote<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu komut, NVM arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kurabilece\u011finiz t\u00fcm Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini listeler. Belirli bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kurmak i\u00e7in <code>nvm install<\/code> komutunu kullan\u0131n. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Node.js 10.x LTS&#8217;nin en son s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kurmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm install 10<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Veya belirli bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kurmak i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, 10.24.1):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm install 10.24.1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Ba\u015fka bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm, \u00f6rne\u011fin Node.js 8.x LTS&#8217;yi de kurabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm install 8<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Kurdu\u011funuz t\u00fcm Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini listelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm ls<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 4: Node.js S\u00fcr\u00fcmleri Aras\u0131nda Ge\u00e7i\u015f Yapma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kurdu\u011funuz Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7i\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in <code>nvm use<\/code> komutunu kullan\u0131n:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm use 10.24.1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Belirli bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc varsay\u0131lan olarak ayarlamak ve yeni terminal oturumlar\u0131nda otomatik olarak etkinle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm alias default 10.24.1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 5: Kurulumu Do\u011frulama<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u015eu anda aktif olan Node.js ve NPM s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini kontrol edin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">node -v\nnpm -v<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>NVM, Node.js geli\u015ftiricileri i\u00e7in en esnek ve \u00f6nerilen y\u00f6ntemdir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc farkl\u0131 projeler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 gereksinimleri kolayca y\u00f6netmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>#### Y\u00f6ntem 4: Kaynaktan Derleyerek Kurulum<\/p>\n<p>Bu y\u00f6ntem, Node.js&#8217;in en son \u00f6zelliklerini veya belirli bir yap\u0131land\u0131rmay\u0131 kullanmak istedi\u011finizde tercih edilebilir. Ancak, di\u011fer y\u00f6ntemlere g\u00f6re daha karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve bak\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha fazla \u00e7aba gerektirir. \u00dcretim ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle \u00f6nerilmez.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 1: Gerekli Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 Kurma<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kaynaktan derleme yapmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 geli\u015ftirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131na ve k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerine ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev python<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 2: Node.js Kaynak Kodunu \u0130ndirme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Node.js&#8217;in resmi web sitesinden (nodejs.org) istedi\u011finiz s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn kaynak kodunu indirin. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Node.js 10.24.1 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">wget https:\/\/nodejs.org\/dist\/v10.24.1\/node-v10.24.1.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 3: Kaynak Kodu \u00c7\u0131karma ve Derleme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0130ndirdi\u011finiz ar\u015fiv dosyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n ve dizinine gidin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">tar -xzf node-v10.24.1.tar.gz\ncd node-v10.24.1<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u015eimdi derleme i\u015flemini ba\u015flat\u0131n. Bu i\u015flem, sunucunuzun i\u015flem g\u00fcc\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak biraz zaman alabilir. <code>-j<\/code> parametresi, ka\u00e7 \u00e7ekirdek kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtir, bu da derleme s\u00fcresini h\u0131zland\u0131rabilir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, <code>make -j4<\/code> 4 \u00e7ekirdek kullan\u0131r):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">.\/configure\nmake -j$(nproc) # nproc, mevcut CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr\nsudo make install<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 4: Kurulumu Do\u011frulama<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Derleme ve kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, Node.js ve NPM s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini kontrol edin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">node -v\nnpm -v<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu y\u00f6ntem, Node.js&#8217;i <code>\/usr\/local\/bin<\/code> dizinine kurar, bu da sistem genelinde eri\u015filebilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>### Kurulum Sonras\u0131 Ad\u0131mlar ve Yayg\u0131n G\u00f6revler<\/p>\n<p>Node.js&#8217;i ba\u015far\u0131yla kurduktan sonra, geli\u015ftirme ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n g\u00f6revler ve en iyi uygulamalar bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>#### Node.js S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc G\u00fcncelleme<\/p>\n<p>*   <strong>APT Y\u00f6ntemiyle Kurulan Node.js:<\/strong> NodeSource PPA&#8217;y\u0131 kulland\u0131ysan\u0131z, Node.js&#8217;i g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in standart APT komutlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sudo apt-get update\n    sudo apt-get upgrade nodejs<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>    E\u011fer NodeSource PPA&#8217;y\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir s\u00fcr\u00fcme ge\u00e7irmek isterseniz (\u00f6rne\u011fin 8.x&#8217;ten 10.x&#8217;e), mevcut Node.js&#8217;i kald\u0131r\u0131p yeni PPA&#8217;y\u0131 ekleyerek yeniden kurman\u0131z gerekebilir.<br \/>\n*   <strong>NVM Y\u00f6ntemiyle Kurulan Node.js:<\/strong> NVM ile g\u00fcncelleme, asl\u0131nda yeni bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kurup mevcut s\u00fcr\u00fcm yerine kullanmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nvm install 12 # Yeni bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm kur\n    nvm use 12     # Yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kullan\n    nvm alias default 12 # Yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc varsay\u0131lan yap\n    nvm uninstall 10 # Eski s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kald\u0131r (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>*   <strong>Kaynaktan Derlenerek Kurulan Node.js:<\/strong> Kaynaktan derlenmi\u015f bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in, yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn kaynak kodunu indirip yukar\u0131daki derleme ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 tekrarlaman\u0131z gerekir. Bu, en zahmetli g\u00fcncelleme y\u00f6ntemidir.<\/p>\n<p>#### NPM&#8217;i G\u00fcncelleme<\/p>\n<p>NPM, Node.js ile birlikte gelse de, genellikle Node.js&#8217;ten daha s\u0131k g\u00fcncellenir. En son NPM s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne sahip olmak iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">npm install -g npm@latest<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><code>-g<\/code> bayra\u011f\u0131, paketi global olarak, yani t\u00fcm Node.js projelerinizde eri\u015filebilir olacak \u015fekilde kurar.<\/p>\n<p>#### Global NPM Paketleri Kurulumu<\/p>\n<p>Baz\u0131 NPM paketleri, komut sat\u0131r\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 olarak global olarak kurulur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Node.js uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler bir ara\u00e7 olan PM2&#8217;yi global olarak kurmak:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">npm install -g pm2<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>#### Basit Bir Node.js Uygulamas\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/p>\n<p>Kurulumunuzun \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in basit bir &#8220;Hello World&#8221; uygulamas\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m.<\/p>\n<p>1.  <code>app.js<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir dosya olu\u015fturun:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">nano app.js<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.  Dosyaya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kodu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const http = require('http');\n\n    const hostname = '0.0.0.0'; \/\/ T\u00fcm a\u011f aray\u00fczlerinden eri\u015filebilir\n    const port = 3000;\n\n    const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {\n      res.statusCode = 200;\n      res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text\/plain');\n      res.end('Merhaba Node.js Dunyasi!\\n');\n    });\n\n    server.listen(port, hostname, () => {\n      console.log(<code>Sunucu http:\/\/${hostname}:${port}\/ adresinde calisiyor.<\/code>);\n    });<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.  Dosyay\u0131 kaydedin ve kapat\u0131n (CTRL+X, Y, Enter).<br \/>\n4.  Uygulamay\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">node app.js<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>    Terminalde &#8220;Sunucu http:\/\/0.0.0.0:3000\/ adresinde calisiyor.&#8221; mesaj\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz. \u015eimdi web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan sunucunuzun IP adresini ve 3000 portunu kullanarak (\u00f6rne\u011fin, <code>http:\/\/sunucu_ip_adresi:3000<\/code>) uygulamaya eri\u015febilirsiniz. G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n 3000 portuna izin verdi\u011finden emin olun.<\/p>\n<p>#### PM2 ile Uygulama Y\u00f6netimi<\/p>\n<p>PM2 (Process Manager 2), Node.js uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcretim ortam\u0131nda y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 y\u00f6neticisidir. Uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n s\u00fcrekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar, yeniden ba\u015flatmalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netir ve kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izler.<\/p>\n<p>1.  Daha \u00f6nce global olarak kurdu\u011funuz PM2&#8217;yi kullanarak <code>app.js<\/code> uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pm2 start app.js<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>2.  \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan t\u00fcm PM2 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini listelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pm2 list<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>3.  Uygulama g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pm2 logs app<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>4.  Bir uygulamay\u0131 durdurmak, yeniden ba\u015flatmak veya silmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pm2 stop app\n    pm2 restart app\n    pm2 delete app<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>5.  PM2&#8217;nin sunucu yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 otomatik olarak ba\u015flatmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">pm2 startup systemd # veya pm2 startup init.d\n    pm2 save<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>    <code>pm2 startup<\/code> komutu, sisteminize uygun bir ba\u015flatma beti\u011fi olu\u015fturur. <code>pm2 save<\/code> komutu ise mevcut \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan s\u00fcre\u00e7 listesini kaydeder, b\u00f6ylece sistem yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda PM2 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7leri tekrar ba\u015flatabilir.<\/p>\n<p>### Sorun Giderme<\/p>\n<p>Node.js kurulumu veya kullan\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011finiz baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n sorunlar ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri:<\/p>\n<p>#### <code>node: command not found<\/code> veya <code>npm: command not found<\/code><\/p>\n<p>*   <strong>Neden:<\/strong> Node.js veya NPM&#8217;in PATH ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeninizde tan\u0131ml\u0131 olmayan bir konuma kurulmu\u015f olmas\u0131 veya kurulumun ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131.<br \/>\n*   <strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong><br \/>\n    *   E\u011fer NodeSource PPA veya kaynaktan derleme y\u00f6ntemini kulland\u0131ysan\u0131z, <code>node<\/code> komutu do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\n    *   E\u011fer Ubuntu depolar\u0131ndan kurduysan\u0131z, <code>sudo ln -s \/usr\/bin\/nodejs \/usr\/bin\/node<\/code> komutuyla bir sembolik ba\u011flant\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funuzdan emin olun.<br \/>\n    *   E\u011fer NVM kulland\u0131ysan\u0131z, <code>source ~\/.bashrc<\/code> veya <code>source ~\/.profile<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak NVM&#8217;in kabu\u011funuza y\u00fcklendi\u011finden emin olun. Ayr\u0131ca, <code>nvm use <version><\/code> ile aktif bir Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc se\u00e7ti\u011finizden emin olun.<br \/>\n    *   T\u00fcm kurulum ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatlice tekrarlay\u0131n.<\/p>\n<p>#### <code>EACCES<\/code> Hatalar\u0131 (NPM \u0130zin Sorunlar\u0131)<\/p>\n<p>*   <strong>Neden:<\/strong> NPM, global paketleri <code>\/usr\/local<\/code> gibi sistem genelindeki dizinlere kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken yetersiz izinlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilir. <code>sudo<\/code> kullanmadan global paket kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda bu hata s\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<br \/>\n*   <strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong><br \/>\n    *   <strong>\u00d6nerilen Y\u00f6ntem (NVM):<\/strong> E\u011fer NVM kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, bu t\u00fcr izin sorunlar\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc NVM Node.js&#8217;i kullan\u0131c\u0131 dizininize kurar ve NPM paketleri de genellikle buraya kurulur.<br \/>\n    *   <strong>NPM&#8217;in Varsay\u0131lan Dizinini De\u011fi\u015ftirme:<\/strong> NPM&#8217;in global paketleri kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ana dizininde bir konuma kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in NPM&#8217;in varsay\u0131lan dizinini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz. Bu, <code>sudo<\/code> kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131narak g\u00fcvenlik risklerini azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">mkdir ~\/.npm-global\n        npm config set prefix '~\/.npm-global'\n        echo 'export PATH=~\/.npm-global\/bin:$PATH' >> ~\/.profile\n        source ~\/.profile<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>        Bu ad\u0131mlar\u0131 uygulad\u0131ktan sonra, global NPM paketlerini <code>sudo<\/code> kullanmadan kurabilirsiniz.<br \/>\n    *   <strong><code>sudo<\/code> Kullan\u0131m\u0131 (Tavsiye Edilmez):<\/strong> Ge\u00e7ici bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak, global NPM paketlerini kurarken <code>sudo<\/code> kullanabilirsiniz (<code>sudo npm install -g <package><\/code>). Ancak bu, NPM&#8217;in root izinleriyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden olur ve g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan riskli olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>#### Eski Node.js\/NPM S\u00fcr\u00fcmleri<\/p>\n<p>*   <strong>Neden:<\/strong> Ubuntu&#8217;nun varsay\u0131lan depolar\u0131ndan Node.js kurduysan\u0131z, \u00e7ok eski bir s\u00fcr\u00fcmle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fman\u0131z normaldir.<br \/>\n*   <strong>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Daha g\u00fcncel s\u00fcr\u00fcmler i\u00e7in NodeSource PPA veya NVM y\u00f6ntemlerini kullan\u0131n. Bu y\u00f6ntemler, en son LTS veya kararl\u0131 Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine eri\u015fmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p>### Sonu\u00e7<\/p>\n<p>Bu makalede, Ubuntu 14.04 sunucusuna Node.js kurmak i\u00e7in d\u00f6rt farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceledik: Ubuntu&#8217;nun resmi depolar\u0131ndan, NodeSource PPA kullanarak, NVM (Node Version Manager) ile ve kaynaktan derleyerek. Her y\u00f6ntemin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc avantajlar\u0131 ve dezavantajlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>*   <strong>Ubuntu&#8217;nun Resmi Depolar\u0131:<\/strong> En basit y\u00f6ntemdir ancak \u00e7ok eski Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini sunar ve genellikle \u00fcretim ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilmez.<br \/>\n*   <strong>NodeSource PPA:<\/strong> Daha g\u00fcncel LTS Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine eri\u015fim sa\u011flar ve \u00fcretim ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in iyi bir denge sunar. \u00c7o\u011fu kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen y\u00f6ntemdir.<br \/>\n*   <strong>NVM (Node Version Manager):<\/strong> Geli\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in en esnek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr, birden fazla Node.js s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ayn\u0131 sistemde y\u00f6netmenizi sa\u011flar ve s\u00fcr\u00fcm \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler.<br \/>\n*   <strong>Kaynaktan Derleme:<\/strong> En son \u00f6zellikleri veya \u00f6zel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 isteyen ileri d\u00fczey kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7indir, ancak en karma\u015f\u0131k ve bak\u0131m gerektiren y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n<p>Kurulum sonras\u0131 ad\u0131mlar olarak NPM&#8217;i g\u00fcncelleme, global paketler kurma (\u00f6rne\u011fin PM2) ve basit bir Node.js uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve y\u00f6netme konular\u0131na de\u011findik. Ayr\u0131ca, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011finiz yayg\u0131n sorunlara y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler de sunduk.<\/p>\n<p>Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, Ubuntu 14.04 art\u0131k uzun s\u00fcreli destek (LTS) s\u00fcresini tamamlam\u0131\u015f eski bir i\u015fletim sistemidir. Yeni projeler i\u00e7in veya mevcut sistemlerinizi g\u00fcncel tutmak ad\u0131na daha yeni bir Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne (\u00f6rne\u011fin Ubuntu 18.04 LTS, 20.04 LTS veya 22.04 LTS) y\u00fckseltmeniz \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir. Eski sistemlerde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak, g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 ve g\u00fcncel yaz\u0131l\u0131m uyumlulu\u011fu sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir. Ancak, mevcut bir Ubuntu 14.04 sunucusunda Node.js \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z varsa, bu rehber size kapsaml\u0131 bir yol haritas\u0131 sunmu\u015ftur. Node.js ile ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 projeler geli\u015ftirmeniz dile\u011fiyle!<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ubuntu 14.04 Sunucusuna Node.js Kurulumu Kapsaml\u0131 Rehberi\nNode.js, sunucu taraf\u0131 uygulamalar geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, JavaScript tabanl\u0131, a","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1468],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-37972","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-ubuntu","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Ubuntu 14.04 Sunucusuna Node.js Kurulumu Kapsaml\u0131 Rehberi - 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