{"id":37737,"date":"2026-01-14T01:30:49","date_gmt":"2026-01-13T22:30:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/jest-entegrasyon-testlerini-izole-sql-semalari-kullanarak-paralel-calistirma-rehberi\/"},"modified":"2026-01-14T01:30:49","modified_gmt":"2026-01-13T22:30:49","slug":"jest-entegrasyon-testlerini-izole-sql-semalari-kullanarak-paralel-calistirma-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/jest-entegrasyon-testlerini-izole-sql-semalari-kullanarak-paralel-calistirma-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"Jest Entegrasyon Testlerini \u0130zole SQL \u015eemalar\u0131 Kullanarak Paralel \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jest Entegrasyon Testlerini \u0130zole SQL \u015eemalar\u0131 Kullanarak Paralel \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Rehberi<\/h2>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k uygulamalarda entegrasyon testleri, sistemin farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerinin birbiriyle uyumlu \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir. Ancak bu testler, genellikle veritaban\u0131 etkile\u015fimleri nedeniyle yava\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve s\u00fcrekli entegrasyon (CI\/CD) s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini uzatabilir. Bu makalede, Jest test \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak entegrasyon testlerini paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ve testler aras\u0131 veri kirlili\u011fini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in izole SQL \u015femalar\u0131 kullanman\u0131n pratik yollar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131ca inceleyece\u011fiz. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, test s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinizi h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131rken, test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini art\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1. Entegrasyon Testlerinde Paralelli\u011fin ve \u0130zolasyonun \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n

Entegrasyon testlerinin etkinli\u011fi, h\u0131zlar\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenilirlikleri ile do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck projelerde y\u00fczlerce, hatta binlerce entegrasyon testi bulunabilir ve bunlar\u0131n seri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 saatler s\u00fcrebilir. Bu durum, geli\u015ftiricilerin geri bildirim d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc uzat\u0131r ve CI\/CD pipeline’lar\u0131n\u0131 yava\u015flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1.1. Neden Paralel Testler?<\/h3>\n

Paralel test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, test s\u00fcresini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde k\u0131saltman\u0131n en etkili yollar\u0131ndan biridir. Jest gibi modern test \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri, testleri birden fazla i\u015flem (worker) \u00fczerinde e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yetene\u011fine sahiptir. Bu sayede, test s\u00fcresi teorik olarak mevcut CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi say\u0131s\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 100 dakikal\u0131k test s\u00fcresi olan bir proje, 8 \u00e7ekirdekli bir makinede yakla\u015f\u0131k 12-15 dakikaya d\u00fc\u015febilir. Bu h\u0131zlanma, geli\u015ftiricilerin daha s\u0131k test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na ve hatalar\u0131 daha erken tespit etmesine olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1.2. Neden Veritaban\u0131 \u0130zolasyonu?<\/h3>\n

Paralel test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n getirdi\u011fi en b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklardan biri, testler aras\u0131 veri kirlili\u011fidir. E\u011fer birden fazla test ayn\u0131 veritaban\u0131 \u015femas\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131yorsa ve bu testler ayn\u0131 anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa, bir testin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fiklikler di\u011fer testin beklenen sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 etkileyebilir. Bu durum, testlerin ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olmas\u0131na veya “titrek testler” (flaky tests) olarak bilinen, bazen ge\u00e7en bazen kalan testlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na neden olur. Veritaban\u0131 izolasyonu, her testin veya her test worker’\u0131n\u0131n kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z veritaban\u0131 ortam\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayarak bu sorunu ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece her test, temiz ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir ortamda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve sonu\u00e7lar g\u00fcvenilir olur.<\/p>\n

1.3. Ortak Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h3>\n

| Sorun | A\u00e7\u0131klama | \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm |
\n| :———————– | :——————————————————————— | :———————————————————————————————————————————– |
\n| Yava\u015f Test S\u00fcreleri<\/strong> | T\u00fcm entegrasyon testlerinin seri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. | Jest’in paralel test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yeteneklerini kullanma. |
\n| Veri Kirlili\u011fi<\/strong> | Testlerin payla\u015f\u0131lan veritaban\u0131 \u00fczerinde birbirini etkilemesi. | Her test worker’\u0131 i\u00e7in izole SQL \u015femalar\u0131 veya veritabanlar\u0131 olu\u015fturma. |
\n| Titrek Testler<\/strong> | Testlerin bazen ge\u00e7ip bazen kalmas\u0131, g\u00fcvenilir olmamas\u0131. | Veritaban\u0131 izolasyonu ile testlerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flama. |
\n| Karma\u015f\u0131k Setup\/Teardown<\/strong> | Her test \u00f6ncesi ve sonras\u0131 veritaban\u0131 durumunu y\u00f6netmek. | Jest’in globalSetup<\/code>, globalTeardown<\/code> ve \u00f6zel ortam (jest-environment<\/code>) \u00f6zelliklerini kullanma. |<\/p>\n

2. Jest’in Paralel Test Yetenekleri<\/h2>\n

Jest, Node.js projeleri i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler bir test \u00e7er\u00e7evesidir ve kutudan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 haliyle paralel test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yetene\u011fine sahiptir. Bu \u00f6zellik, test s\u00fcresini optimize etmek i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

2.1. Jest’in \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Prensibi<\/h3>\n

Jest, varsay\u0131lan olarak test dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 Node.js s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde (worker’larda) paralel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Her worker, kendi ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r ve bu, testlerin birbirini etkilemesini engellemek i\u00e7in bir temel sa\u011flar. Ancak, veritaban\u0131 gibi d\u0131\u015f kaynaklar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda ek izolasyon mekanizmalar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyulur. Jest, testleri --runInBand<\/code> bayra\u011f\u0131 ile tek bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te de \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir; bu, hata ay\u0131klama (debugging) i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r ancak paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n h\u0131z avantaj\u0131ndan mahrum b\u0131rak\u0131r.<\/p>\n

2.2. Jest Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 ve Paralellik<\/h3>\n

Jest’in paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 jest.config.js<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda yap\u0131land\u0131rabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n

\/\/ jest.config.js\nmodule.exports = {\n  \/\/ ... di\u011fer Jest yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 ...\n  testEnvironment: 'node', \/\/ Varsay\u0131lan ortam\n  maxWorkers: '50%', \/\/ Mevcut CPU \u00e7ekirdeklerinin %50'si kadar worker kullan\n  \/\/ Veya belirli bir say\u0131: maxWorkers: 4,\n  \/\/ Veya 'auto' Jest'in otomatik olarak belirlemesini sa\u011flar\n  \/\/ testSequencer: '.\/my-custom-sequencer.js', \/\/ Test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in\n};<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nmaxWorkers<\/code> se\u00e7ene\u011fi, Jest'in ka\u00e7 paralel worker s\u00fcreci ba\u015flataca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder. 'auto' veya y\u00fczde de\u011feri kullanmak, farkl\u0131 makinelerde esneklik sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
2.3. Test Dosyas\u0131 Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n
Paralel testlerden en iyi \u015fekilde yararlanmak i\u00e7in test dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. Yani, bir test dosyas\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer bir test dosyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na veya sonucuna ba\u011fl\u0131 olmamas\u0131 gerekir. Her test dosyas\u0131n\u0131n kendi beforeAll<\/code>, afterAll<\/code>, beforeEach<\/code>, afterEach<\/code> d\u00f6ng\u00fclerinde kendi ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu veriyi haz\u0131rlay\u0131p temizlemesi idealdir. Bu, veritaban\u0131 izolasyonu ile birle\u015fti\u011finde maksimum g\u00fcvenilirlik sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
3. SQL \u015eema \u0130zolasyonu Stratejileri<\/h2>\n
Jest'in paralel test yeteneklerini verimli kullanabilmek i\u00e7in, her paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan test worker'\u0131n\u0131n kendi izole veritaban\u0131 \u015femas\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. \u0130\u015fte farkl\u0131 izolasyon stratejileri:<\/p>\n
3.1. Dinamik \u015eema Olu\u015fturma<\/h3>\n
Bu strateji, her Jest worker'\u0131 i\u00e7in veritaban\u0131nda benzersiz bir \u015fema olu\u015fturmay\u0131 i\u00e7erir. \u00d6zellikle PostgreSQL gibi \u015fema kavram\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde destekleyen veritabanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygundur.<\/p>\n
*   Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r:<\/strong> Her test worker'\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, benzersiz bir adla (\u00f6rne\u011fin, worker ID'si veya rastgele bir UUID kullanarak) yeni bir SQL \u015femas\u0131 olu\u015fturur. Testler bu \u015fema i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Testler bitti\u011finde veya worker kapat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015fema silinir.
\n*   Avantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> H\u0131zl\u0131 \u015fema olu\u015fturma\/silme, tek bir veritaban\u0131 sunucusu \u00fczerinde birden fazla izole ortam.
\n*   Dezavantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> T\u00fcm veritaban\u0131 sistemleri \u015fema kavram\u0131n\u0131 ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde desteklemeyebilir (\u00f6rn. MySQL'de \"\u015fema\" asl\u0131nda \"veritaban\u0131\"d\u0131r).<\/p>\n
3.2. Dinamik Veritaban\u0131 Olu\u015fturma<\/h3>\n
Bu y\u00f6ntem, \u015fema olu\u015fturmaktan daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir izolasyon sa\u011flar ve MySQL gibi veritabanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in daha uygundur.<\/p>\n
*   Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r:<\/strong> Her test worker'\u0131 i\u00e7in tamamen yeni bir veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fturulur. Ba\u011flant\u0131 dizesi, bu yeni veritaban\u0131na i\u015faret edecek \u015fekilde g\u00fcncellenir.
\n*   Avantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> En \u00fcst d\u00fczeyde izolasyon, veritaban\u0131 seviyesinde g\u00fcvenlik ve yap\u0131land\u0131rma farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131.
\n*   Dezavantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> \u015eema olu\u015fturmaya g\u00f6re daha yava\u015f olabilir, daha fazla disk alan\u0131 ve sunucu kayna\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcketebilir.<\/p>\n
3.3. Veritaban\u0131 Kapsay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 (Docker)<\/h3>\n
Testcontainers gibi k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerle birlikte Docker kapsay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kullanmak, en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc izolasyon y\u00f6ntemlerinden biridir.<\/p>\n
*   Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r:<\/strong> Her test worker'\u0131 veya hatta her test dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir veritaban\u0131 Docker kapsay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r.
\n*   Avantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> Tamamen izole ortamlar, ger\u00e7ek \u00fcretim ortam\u0131na yak\u0131nl\u0131k, farkl\u0131 veritaban\u0131 versiyonlar\u0131n\u0131 kolayca test etme.
\n*   Dezavantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> Kapsay\u0131c\u0131 ba\u015flatma\/durdurma s\u00fcresi ek y\u00fck getirebilir, daha fazla sistem kayna\u011f\u0131 gerektirebilir.<\/p>\n
3.4. \u0130\u015flem Baz\u0131nda Geri Alma (Transaction Rollback)<\/h3>\n
Bu y\u00f6ntem, her testin bir veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemi (transaction) i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve test bittikten sonra i\u015flemin geri al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 (rollback) i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n
*   Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r:<\/strong> Her testten \u00f6nce bir i\u015flem ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r, test \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, ve test bittikten sonra i\u015flem geri al\u0131n\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece testin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm de\u011fi\u015fiklikler veritaban\u0131ndan silinir.
\n*   Avantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> \u00c7ok h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc fiziksel \u015fema\/veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fturma\/silme yoktur.
\n*   Dezavantajlar\u0131:<\/strong> T\u00fcm veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemleri bu \u015fekilde ele al\u0131namayabilir (\u00f6rn. DDL i\u015flemleri baz\u0131 veritabanlar\u0131nda i\u015flem i\u00e7inde geri al\u0131namaz). Ayr\u0131ca, test edilen uygulaman\u0131n kendisinin i\u015flemleri y\u00f6netmesi durumunda \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar ya\u015fanabilir.<\/p>\n
Bu makalede a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak \"Dinamik \u015eema Olu\u015fturma\" veya \"Dinamik Veritaban\u0131 Olu\u015fturma\" stratejisine odaklanaca\u011f\u0131z, zira Jest ortam\u0131 ile entegrasyonu nispeten daha kolay ve yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4. Jest Ortam\u0131n\u0131n Veritaban\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n
Jest'in paralel testlerini izole SQL \u015femalar\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir Jest ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturmam\u0131z gerekir. Bu ortam, her worker i\u00e7in benzersiz bir \u015fema ad\u0131 olu\u015fturacak ve veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 dizesini buna g\u00f6re ayarlayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4.1. \u00d6zel Jest Ortam\u0131 (Custom Jest Environment)<\/h3>\n
Jest, testlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmenize olanak tan\u0131r. jest-environment-node<\/code>'u geni\u015fleterek kendi veritaban\u0131 ortam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu ortam, her worker ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda (setup) bir \u015fema olu\u015fturacak ve bitti\u011finde (teardown) silecektir.<\/p>\n
\/\/ jest-environment-db.js\nconst NodeEnvironment = require('jest-environment-node');\nconst { v4: uuidv4 } = require('uuid'); \/\/ Benzersiz ID i\u00e7in\nconst { createSchema, dropSchema, setupDatabase } = require('.\/db-utils'); \/\/ Veritaban\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131 fonksiyonlar\u0131\n\nclass CustomDbEnvironment extends NodeEnvironment {\n  constructor(config, context) {\n    super(config, context);\n    this.schemaId = test_schema_${uuidv4().replace(\/-\/g, '_')}<\/code>; \/\/ Benzersiz \u015fema ad\u0131\n    this.databaseUrl = process.env.DATABASE_URL; \/\/ Ana veritaban\u0131 URL'si\n  }\n\n  async setup() {\n    await super.setup();\n    console.log([Jest Worker ${process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID}] Schema setup for: ${this.schemaId}<\/code>);\n    \n    \/\/ 1. Yeni \u015femay\u0131\/veritaban\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftur\n    await createSchema(this.schemaId, this.databaseUrl);\n    \n    \/\/ 2. Yeni \u015femaya\/veritaban\u0131na i\u015faret eden URL'yi ayarla\n    this.global.__DATABASE_URL__ = ${this.databaseUrl}?schema=${this.schemaId}<\/code>; \/\/ \u00d6rnek: PostgreSQL i\u00e7in\n    \/\/ Veya MySQL i\u00e7in: this.global.__DATABASE_URL__ = this.databaseUrl.replace('\/mydb', \/${this.schemaId}<\/code>);\n    \n    \/\/ 3. \u015eema i\u00e7inde gerekli tablolar\u0131\/migrasyonlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\n    await setupDatabase(this.global.__DATABASE_URL__);\n  }\n\n  async teardown() {\n    console.log([Jest Worker ${process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID}] Schema teardown for: ${this.schemaId}<\/code>);\n    await dropSchema(this.schemaId, this.databaseUrl);\n    await super.teardown();\n  }\n\n  get\n  Vm(code) {\n    return super.getVm(code);\n  }\n}\n\nmodule.exports = CustomDbEnvironment;<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
4.2. Dinamik Ba\u011flant\u0131 Dizesi Y\u00f6netimi<\/h3>\n
jest-environment-db.js<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan this.global.__DATABASE_URL__<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkeni, testlerinizde kullan\u0131lacak dinamik veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 dizesini tutar. Testlerinizdeki veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 mod\u00fcl\u00fc, bu global de\u011fi\u015fkeni okuyarak do\u011fru \u015femaya ba\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
4.3. \u00d6rnek Jest Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 (jest.config.js<\/code>)<\/h3>\n
Jest'e \u00f6zel ortam\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek i\u00e7in jest.config.js<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcncelleyin:<\/p>\n
\/\/ jest.config.js\nmodule.exports = {\n  \/\/ ... di\u011fer Jest yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 ...\n  testEnvironment: '.\/jest-environment-db.js', \/\/ \u00d6zel ortam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kullan\n  setupFilesAfterEnv: ['.\/jest.setup.js'], \/\/ Her test dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak ek kurulumlar\n  globalSetup: '.\/jest.global-setup.js', \/\/ T\u00fcm test paketi i\u00e7in tek seferlik kurulum\n  globalTeardown: '.\/jest.global-teardown.js', \/\/ T\u00fcm test paketi i\u00e7in tek seferlik temizleme\n  maxWorkers: 'auto', \/\/ Paralel worker say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 otomatik ayarla\n};<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
5. Test \u00d6ncesi ve Sonras\u0131 \u0130\u015flemleri Y\u00f6netimi<\/h2>\n
Veritaban\u0131 izolasyonunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in Jest'in farkl\u0131 setup\/teardown kancalar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru \u015fekilde kullanmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
5.1. Global Setup ve Teardown<\/h3>\n
globalSetup<\/code> ve globalTeardown<\/code> fonksiyonlar\u0131, t\u00fcm test paketiniz \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmadan \u00f6nce ve sonra yaln\u0131zca bir kez \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bunlar, ana veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 havuzunu ba\u015flatmak veya kapatmak, test veritaban\u0131 sunucusunun haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu do\u011frulamak gibi i\u015flemler i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/p>\n
\/\/ jest.global-setup.js\nconst { initializeDbConnectionPool } = require('.\/db-utils');\n\nmodule.exports = async () => {\n  console.log('Global Jest setup: Initializing main DB connection pool...');\n  await initializeDbConnectionPool(process.env.DATABASE_URL); \/\/ Ana veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 havuzunu ba\u015flat\n  \/\/ Gerekirse ana veritaban\u0131 \u00fczerinde tek seferlik i\u015flemler yap\u0131labilir.\n};\n\n\/\/ jest.global-teardown.js\nconst { closeDbConnectionPool } = require('.\/db-utils');\n\nmodule.exports = async () => {\n  console.log('Global Jest teardown: Closing main DB connection pool...');\n  await closeDbConnectionPool();\n};<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
5.2. Ortam Baz\u0131nda Setup ve Teardown<\/h3>\n
jest-environment-db.js<\/code> i\u00e7indeki setup()<\/code> ve teardown()<\/code> metotlar\u0131, her Jest worker'\u0131 i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu, yukar\u0131da bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi her worker i\u00e7in benzersiz \u015fema olu\u015fturma ve silme i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmeldir. Ek olarak, her test dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7in beforeAll<\/code> ve afterAll<\/code> kancalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak test verilerini tohumlayabilir veya test dosyas\u0131na \u00f6zg\u00fc temizlik yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
\/\/ jest.setup.js (setupFilesAfterEnv i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mlan\u0131r)\nbeforeAll(async () => {\n  \/\/ Her test dosyas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\n  \/\/ \u00d6rne\u011fin, bu \u015femaya test verisi ekleyebiliriz\n  \/\/ const db = getDbConnection(global.__DATABASE_URL__);\n  \/\/ await db.seedData();\n  console.log([Jest Worker ${process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID}] Test dosya setup: ${expect.getState().currentTestName}<\/code>);\n});\n\nafterAll(async () => {\n  \/\/ Her test dosyas\u0131ndan sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\n  console.log([Jest Worker ${process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID}] Test dosya teardown: ${expect.getState().currentTestName}<\/code>);\n});<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
6. Uygulama Ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ve Kod \u00d6rnekleri<\/h2>\n
\u015eimdiye kadar bahsetti\u011fimiz kavramlar\u0131 bir araya getiren \u00f6rnek bir uygulama yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
6.1. Proje Yap\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n
my-project\/\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 src\/\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 ... uygulama kodlar\u0131 ...\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 tests\/\n\u2502   \u251c\u2500\u2500 integration\/\n\u2502   \u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 user.integration.test.js\n\u2502   \u2514\u2500\u2500 jest.setup.js\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 jest.config.js\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 jest-environment-db.js\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 jest.global-setup.js\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 jest.global-teardown.js\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 db-utils.js         # Veritaban\u0131 \u015fema\/ba\u011flant\u0131 yard\u0131mc\u0131 fonksiyonlar\u0131\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 package.json<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
6.2. Veritaban\u0131 Ba\u011flant\u0131 Mod\u00fcl\u00fc (db-utils.js<\/code>)<\/h3>\n
Bu mod\u00fcl, veritaban\u0131 \u015femalar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek ve ba\u011flant\u0131 havuzunu sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\/\/ db-utils.js (PostgreSQL \u00f6rne\u011fi)\nconst { Pool } = require('pg');\n\nlet mainPool; \/\/ Ana veritaban\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u011flant\u0131 havuzu\nconst workerPools = new Map(); \/\/ Her worker i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 havuz tutabiliriz\n\nasync function initializeDbConnectionPool(databaseUrl) {\n  if (!mainPool) {\n    mainPool = new Pool({ connectionString: databaseUrl });\n    await mainPool.query('SELECT 1'); \/\/ Ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 test et\n    console.log('Main DB connection pool initialized.');\n  }\n  return mainPool;\n}\n\nasync function closeDbConnectionPool() {\n  if (mainPool) {\n    await mainPool.end();\n    mainPool = null;\n    console.log('Main DB connection pool closed.');\n  }\n  \/\/ Worker havuzlar\u0131n\u0131 da kapat (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131, Jest ortam\u0131 kendi kapatabilir)\n  for (const pool of workerPools.values()) {\n    await pool.end();\n  }\n  workerPools.clear();\n}\n\nasync function createSchema(schemaName, databaseUrl) {\n  const pool = await initializeDbConnectionPool(databaseUrl);\n  await pool.query(CREATE SCHEMA IF NOT EXISTS ${schemaName}<\/code>);\n  console.log(Schema ${schemaName} created.<\/code>);\n}\n\nasync function dropSchema(schemaName, databaseUrl) {\n  const pool = await initializeDbConnectionPool(databaseUrl);\n  await pool.query(DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS ${schemaName} CASCADE<\/code>);\n  console.log(Schema ${schemaName} dropped.<\/code>);\n}\n\nasync function setupDatabase(workerDatabaseUrl) {\n  \/\/ Bu fonksiyon, yeni olu\u015fturulan \u015fema i\u00e7inde tablolar\u0131 olu\u015fturur, migrasyonlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.\n  \/\/ Ger\u00e7ek bir uygulamada, burada bir ORM (TypeORM, Sequelize vb.) veya migrasyon arac\u0131 (Knex, Flyway) kullan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.\n  const pool = new Pool({ connectionString: workerDatabaseUrl });\n  workerPools.set(process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID, pool); \/\/ Worker havuzunu kaydet\n  await pool.query(CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS ${workerDatabaseUrl.split('schema=')[1]}.users (\n      id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\n      name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,\n      email VARCHAR(255) UNIQUE NOT NULL\n    );<\/code>);\n  console.log(Tables created in schema for worker ${process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID}<\/code>);\n  return pool;\n}\n\nfunction getDbConnection(workerDatabaseUrl) {\n  \/\/ Testlerinizin kullanaca\u011f\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 havuzunu d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcr\n  const pool = workerPools.get(process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID);\n  if (!pool) {\n    throw new Error(No DB pool found for worker ${process.env.JEST_WORKER_ID}<\/code>);\n  }\n  return pool;\n}\n\nmodule.exports = {\n  initializeDbConnectionPool,\n  closeDbConnectionPool,\n  createSchema,\n  dropSchema,\n  setupDatabase,\n  getDbConnection,\n};<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nNot:<\/strong> Yukar\u0131daki workerDatabaseUrl.split('schema=')[1]<\/code> k\u0131sm\u0131 PostgreSQL'e \u00f6zg\u00fcd\u00fcr. MySQL gibi veritabanlar\u0131nda CREATE DATABASE<\/code> ve USE<\/code> komutlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanman\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
6.3. \u00d6rnek Entegrasyon Testi (user.integration.test.js<\/code>)<\/h3>\n
\/\/ tests\/integration\/user.integration.test.js\nconst { getDbConnection } = require('..\/..\/db-utils');\n\ndescribe('User Integration Tests', () => {\n  let db;\n\n  beforeAll(async () => {\n    \/\/ Her test dosyas\u0131ndan \u00f6nce, bu worker'a ait veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\n    db = getDbConnection(global.__DATABASE_URL__);\n    \/\/ Test verilerini tohumla (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131)\n    await db.query(INSERT INTO ${global.__DATABASE_URL__.split('schema=')[1]}.users (name, email) VALUES ('Test User', 'test@example.com')<\/code>);\n  });\n\n  afterAll(async () => {\n    \/\/ Test dosyas\u0131ndan sonra temizlik yap (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131, \u015fema silindi\u011fi i\u00e7in genellikle gerekmez)\n  });\n\n  it('should create a new user', async () => {\n    const schemaName = global.__DATABASE_URL__.split('schema=')[1];\n    const result = await db.query(INSERT INTO ${schemaName}.users (name, email) VALUES ($1, $2) RETURNING *<\/code>, ['New User', 'new@example.com']);\n\n    expect(result.rows[0]).toHaveProperty('id');\n    expect(result.rows[0].name).toBe('New User');\n    expect(result.rows[0].email).toBe('new@example.com');\n  });\n\n  it('should retrieve a user by email', async () => {\n    const schemaName = global.__DATABASE_URL__.split('schema=')[1];\n    const result = await db.query(SELECT * FROM ${schemaName}.users WHERE email = $1<\/code>, ['test@example.com']);\n\n    expect(result.rows.length).toBe(1);\n    expect(result.rows[0].name).toBe('Test User');\n  });\n\n  \/\/ ... di\u011fer testler ...\n});<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
6.4. \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve Do\u011frulama<\/h3>\n
T\u00fcm bu yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan sonra, testlerinizi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
DATABASE_URL=\"postgresql:\/\/user:password@host:port\/main_db\" jest<\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nJEST_WORKER_ID<\/code> ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeni Jest taraf\u0131ndan otomatik olarak ayarlan\u0131r. Konsol \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131nda her worker'\u0131n kendi \u015fema ad\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fema olu\u015fturma\/silme loglar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6receksiniz.<\/p>\n
7. Performans ve Optimizasyon \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h2>\n
Paralel testleri izole \u015femalarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak performans\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rsa da, daha da optimize etmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/p>\n
7.1. Veritaban\u0131 Havuzlama (Connection Pooling)<\/h3>\n
Her test worker'\u0131n\u0131n kendi veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 havuzuna sahip olmas\u0131, performans a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. db-utils.js<\/code> \u00f6rne\u011fimizde bunu workerPools<\/code> ile sa\u011flad\u0131k. Bu, ba\u011flant\u0131 a\u00e7ma\/kapama maliyetini azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7.2. \u015eema Olu\u015fturma\/Silme H\u0131zland\u0131rma<\/h3>\n
*   \u015eablon Veritabanlar\u0131 (PostgreSQL):<\/strong> PostgreSQL'de CREATE DATABASE new_db TEMPLATE existing_db<\/code> komutu, mevcut bir veritaban\u0131n\u0131n kopyas\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zl\u0131ca olu\u015fturman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. E\u011fer \u015feman\u0131z\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 durumu karma\u015f\u0131ksa, \u00f6nceden haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fablon veritaban\u0131 kullanmak \u015fema olu\u015fturma s\u00fcresini k\u0131saltabilir.
\n*   Minimal Migrasyonlar:<\/strong> Her \u015fema olu\u015fturuldu\u011funda sadece entegrasyon testleri i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekten gerekli olan tablolar\u0131 ve migrasyonlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. T\u00fcm uygulama migrasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak gereksiz zaman kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n
7.3. Test Verisi Y\u00f6netimi<\/h3>\n
*   Fabrikalar (Factories):<\/strong> Test verilerini programatik olarak olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in fabrika desenlerini kullan\u0131n. Faker.js gibi k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerle ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i ancak sahte veri \u00fcretebilirsiniz.
\n*   Minimal Veri Tohumlama (Seeding):<\/strong> Her test veya test dosyas\u0131 i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca kesinlikle gerekli olan veriyi tohumlay\u0131n. B\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmeleri testleri yava\u015flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n
7.4. Kaynak Y\u00f6netimi<\/h3>\n
*   CPU ve RAM:<\/strong> Paralel testler CPU ve RAM yo\u011fun olabilir. CI\/CD sunucunuzun yeterli kayna\u011fa sahip oldu\u011fundan emin olun. maxWorkers<\/code> de\u011ferini sunucunuzun kapasitesine g\u00f6re ayarlay\u0131n. \u00c7ok fazla worker, ba\u011flam de\u011fi\u015ftirme (context switching) maliyetleri nedeniyle performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir.
\n*   Disk I\/O:<\/strong> Veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemleri disk I\/O'yu yo\u011fun kullanabilir. H\u0131zl\u0131 depolama (SSD) kullanmak performans\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n
Jest'in paralel test yeteneklerini izole SQL \u015femalar\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirmek, entegrasyon testlerinizin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini devrim niteli\u011finde art\u0131rabilir. Bu rehberde ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6zel Jest ortam\u0131, dinamik \u015fema y\u00f6netimi ve do\u011fru setup\/teardown stratejileri ile test s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinizi optimize edebilir, geli\u015ftirme d\u00f6ng\u00fclerinizi h\u0131zland\u0131rabilir ve daha sa\u011flam yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar geli\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Jest Entegrasyon Testlerini \u0130zole SQL \u015eemalar\u0131 Kullanarak Paralel \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Rehberi\nB\u00fcy\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k uygulamalarda entegrasyon testleri, sistem…","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1505],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-37737","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-sql-2","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nJest Entegrasyon Testlerini \u0130zole SQL \u015eemalar\u0131 Kullanarak Paralel \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Rehberi - 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