{"id":3769,"date":"2024-11-13T06:30:22","date_gmt":"2024-11-13T03:30:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/bir-gunde-pac-man-nasil-yapilir\/"},"modified":"2024-11-13T06:30:22","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T03:30:22","slug":"bir-gunde-pac-man-nasil-yapilir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/bir-gunde-pac-man-nasil-yapilir\/","title":{"rendered":"Bir G\u00fcnde Pac-Man Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bir G\u00fcnde Pac-Man Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/p>\n

Bir g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc e\u011flenceli bir proje ile ge\u00e7irmek ve klasik bir oyun olan Pac-Man’i kendi ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131za olu\u015fturmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek ister misiniz? Bu makalede, Pac-Man’i s\u0131f\u0131rdan nas\u0131l olu\u015fturabilece\u011finiz konusunda ad\u0131m ad\u0131m bir rehber sunaca\u011f\u0131m. Bu rehber, temel programlama bilgisi olan herkes i\u00e7in uygundur ve size oyun geli\u015ftirme d\u00fcnyas\u0131na giri\u015f yapman\u0131z i\u00e7in ilham verici bir yolculuk sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Haz\u0131rl\u0131k A\u015famas\u0131<\/h2>\n

\u0130lk olarak, Pac-Man’i olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in gereken ara\u00e7lar\u0131 haz\u0131rlamal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu proje i\u00e7in Python programlama dilini ve Pygame k\u00fct\u00fcphanesini kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Pygame, Python ile oyun geli\u015ftirmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131ran bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane olup, grafikler, sesler ve oyun mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi temel oyun unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Pygame’i bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131za kurmak i\u00e7in, komut sat\u0131r\u0131na a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu yazman\u0131z yeterlidir:<\/p>\n

“`bash
\npip install pygame
\n“`<\/p>\n

Pygame kurulduktan sonra, kod yazmaya ba\u015flayabiliriz. \u00d6ncelikle, yeni bir Python dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturun ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kod par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7ine ekleyin. Bu kod, penceremizi olu\u015fturup ba\u015fl\u0131k \u00e7ubu\u011funu ayarlamam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

“`python
\nimport pygame<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresinin geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fcksekli\u011fi
\ngenislik = 800
\nyukseklik = 600<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i ba\u015flat
\npygame.init()<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresini olu\u015ftur
\nekran = pygame.display.set_mode((genislik, yukseklik))<\/p>\n

# Pencere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayarla
\npygame.display.set_caption(“Pac-Man”)<\/p>\n

# Oyun d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc
\noyun_devam_ediyor = True
\nwhile oyun_devam_ediyor:
\n # Etkinlikleri i\u015fle
\n for olay in pygame.event.get():
\n if olay.type == pygame.QUIT:
\n oyun_devam_ediyor = False<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 siyah renge boya
\n ekran.fill((0, 0, 0))<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 g\u00fcncelle
\n pygame.display.flip()<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i kapat
\npygame.quit()
\n“`<\/p>\n

Bu kod par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131, temel oyun d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc olu\u015fturur. Oyun d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc, oyunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece s\u00fcrekli olarak tekrar eden bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. Her d\u00f6ng\u00fcde, olaylar\u0131 i\u015fler, ekran\u0131 g\u00fcnceller ve di\u011fer oyun mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr. Oyunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 durdurmak i\u00e7in pencerenin sa\u011f \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fesindeki kapatma d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klaman\u0131z yeterlidir.<\/p>\n

Pac-Man’i \u00c7izmek<\/h2>\n

\u015eimdi, Pac-Man’i \u00e7izmek i\u00e7in Pygame’in sundu\u011fu grafik i\u015flevlerini kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Pac-Man’i bir daire olarak \u00e7izece\u011fiz ve a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131p kapatarak hareket etmesini sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

“`python
\nimport pygame<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresinin geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fcksekli\u011fi
\ngenislik = 800
\nyukseklik = 600<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i ba\u015flat
\npygame.init()<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresini olu\u015ftur
\nekran = pygame.display.set_mode((genislik, yukseklik))<\/p>\n

# Pencere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayarla
\npygame.display.set_caption(“Pac-Man”)<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 konumu
\npac_man_x = genislik \/\/ 2
\npac_man_y = yukseklik \/\/ 2<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131
\npac_man_yaricap = 30<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131
\nagiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Oyun d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc
\noyun_devam_ediyor = True
\nwhile oyun_devam_ediyor:
\n # Etkinlikleri i\u015fle
\n for olay in pygame.event.get():
\n if olay.type == pygame.QUIT:
\n oyun_devam_ediyor = False<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7 ve kapat
\n agiz_acisi += 1
\n if agiz_acisi >= 180:
\n agiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 siyah renge boya
\n ekran.fill((0, 0, 0))<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’i \u00e7iz
\n pygame.draw.circle(ekran, (255, 255, 0), (pac_man_x, pac_man_y), pac_man_yaricap)
\n pygame.draw.arc(ekran, (0, 0, 0), (pac_man_x – pac_man_yaricap, pac_man_y – pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap), 0, agiz_acisi \/ 180 * 3.14, 3)<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 g\u00fcncelle
\n pygame.display.flip()<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i kapat
\npygame.quit()
\n“`<\/p>\n

Bu kod par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131, Pac-Man’in daire \u015feklinde \u00e7izimini ve a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. `pygame.draw.circle` fonksiyonu, Pac-Man’i \u00e7izmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r ve `pygame.draw.arc` fonksiyonu ise a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hareket Eklemek<\/h2>\n

\u015eimdi, Pac-Man’i hareket ettirebilmemiz i\u00e7in klavyeden girdi al\u0131p buna g\u00f6re konumunu g\u00fcncelleyece\u011fiz. Klavyeden gelen ok tu\u015flar\u0131na g\u00f6re Pac-Man’i sola, sa\u011fa, yukar\u0131 veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde hareket ettirebiliriz.<\/p>\n

“`python
\nimport pygame<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresinin geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fcksekli\u011fi
\ngenislik = 800
\nyukseklik = 600<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i ba\u015flat
\npygame.init()<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresini olu\u015ftur
\nekran = pygame.display.set_mode((genislik, yukseklik))<\/p>\n

# Pencere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayarla
\npygame.display.set_caption(“Pac-Man”)<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 konumu
\npac_man_x = genislik \/\/ 2
\npac_man_y = yukseklik \/\/ 2<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131
\npac_man_yaricap = 30<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131
\nagiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Hareket h\u0131z\u0131
\nhareket_hizi = 5<\/p>\n

# Oyun d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc
\noyun_devam_ediyor = True
\nwhile oyun_devam_ediyor:
\n # Etkinlikleri i\u015fle
\n for olay in pygame.event.get():
\n if olay.type == pygame.QUIT:
\n oyun_devam_ediyor = False
\n elif olay.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
\n if olay.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
\n pac_man_x -= hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
\n pac_man_x += hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_UP:
\n pac_man_y -= hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
\n pac_man_y += hareket_hizi<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7 ve kapat
\n agiz_acisi += 1
\n if agiz_acisi >= 180:
\n agiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 siyah renge boya
\n ekran.fill((0, 0, 0))<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’i \u00e7iz
\n pygame.draw.circle(ekran, (255, 255, 0), (pac_man_x, pac_man_y), pac_man_yaricap)
\n pygame.draw.arc(ekran, (0, 0, 0), (pac_man_x – pac_man_yaricap, pac_man_y – pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap), 0, agiz_acisi \/ 180 * 3.14, 3)<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 g\u00fcncelle
\n pygame.display.flip()<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i kapat
\npygame.quit()
\n“`<\/p>\n

Bu kod par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131, klavyeden gelen tu\u015f bas\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015fleyerek Pac-Man’in konumunu g\u00fcnceller. `pygame.KEYDOWN` olay\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak, hangi tu\u015fa bas\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ediyoruz ve buna g\u00f6re Pac-Man’in koordinatlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftiriyoruz.<\/p>\n

Labirent Eklemek<\/h2>\n

Pac-Man’in hareket edece\u011fi bir labirent ekleyerek oyunumuzu daha ilgi \u00e7ekici hale getirebiliriz. Labirenti, dikd\u00f6rtgen \u015fekiller kullanarak \u00e7izece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

“`python
\nimport pygame<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresinin geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fcksekli\u011fi
\ngenislik = 800
\nyukseklik = 600<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i ba\u015flat
\npygame.init()<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresini olu\u015ftur
\nekran = pygame.display.set_mode((genislik, yukseklik))<\/p>\n

# Pencere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayarla
\npygame.display.set_caption(“Pac-Man”)<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 konumu
\npac_man_x = genislik \/\/ 2
\npac_man_y = yukseklik \/\/ 2<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131
\npac_man_yaricap = 30<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131
\nagiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Hareket h\u0131z\u0131
\nhareket_hizi = 5<\/p>\n

# Labirent duvarlar\u0131
\nduvarlar = [
\n # \u00dcst ve alt duvarlar
\n pygame.Rect(0, 0, genislik, 10),
\n pygame.Rect(0, yukseklik – 10, genislik, 10),
\n # Sol ve sa\u011f duvarlar
\n pygame.Rect(0, 0, 10, yukseklik),
\n pygame.Rect(genislik – 10, 0, 10, yukseklik),
\n # Orta duvarlar
\n pygame.Rect(genislik \/\/ 2 – 50, yukseklik \/\/ 2 – 100, 100, 20),
\n pygame.Rect(genislik \/\/ 2 – 50, yukseklik \/\/ 2 + 100, 100, 20),
\n]<\/p>\n

# Oyun d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc
\noyun_devam_ediyor = True
\nwhile oyun_devam_ediyor:
\n # Etkinlikleri i\u015fle
\n for olay in pygame.event.get():
\n if olay.type == pygame.QUIT:
\n oyun_devam_ediyor = False
\n elif olay.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
\n if olay.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
\n pac_man_x -= hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
\n pac_man_x += hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_UP:
\n pac_man_y -= hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
\n pac_man_y += hareket_hizi<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7 ve kapat
\n agiz_acisi += 1
\n if agiz_acisi >= 180:
\n agiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 siyah renge boya
\n ekran.fill((0, 0, 0))<\/p>\n

# Duvarlar\u0131 \u00e7iz
\n for duvar in duvarlar:
\n pygame.draw.rect(ekran, (255, 255, 255), duvar)<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’i \u00e7iz
\n pygame.draw.circle(ekran, (255, 255, 0), (pac_man_x, pac_man_y), pac_man_yaricap)
\n pygame.draw.arc(ekran, (0, 0, 0), (pac_man_x – pac_man_yaricap, pac_man_y – pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap), 0, agiz_acisi \/ 180 * 3.14, 3)<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 g\u00fcncelle
\n pygame.display.flip()<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i kapat
\npygame.quit()
\n“`<\/p>\n

Bu kod par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131, labirenti olu\u015fturan duvarlar\u0131 \u00e7izmek i\u00e7in `pygame.draw.rect` fonksiyonunu kullan\u0131r. `duvarlar` listesi, labirenti olu\u015fturan duvarlar\u0131 temsil eden dikd\u00f6rtgenlerin koordinatlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Pac-Man’in duvarlara \u00e7arpmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma tespiti i\u015flemini de eklememiz gerekecektir.<\/p>\n

\u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma Tespiti<\/h2>\n

Pac-Man’in labirent duvarlar\u0131na \u00e7arpmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek i\u00e7in, \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma tespiti yapmam\u0131z gerekir. Pygame’in `pygame.Rect.colliderect` fonksiyonu, iki dikd\u00f6rtgenin \u00e7arp\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7arpmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Pac-Man’in \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden bir dikd\u00f6rtgen tan\u0131mlayarak, bu fonksiyonu kullanabiliriz.<\/p>\n

“`python
\nimport pygame<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresinin geni\u015fli\u011fi ve y\u00fcksekli\u011fi
\ngenislik = 800
\nyukseklik = 600<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i ba\u015flat
\npygame.init()<\/p>\n

# Oyun penceresini olu\u015ftur
\nekran = pygame.display.set_mode((genislik, yukseklik))<\/p>\n

# Pencere ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayarla
\npygame.display.set_caption(“Pac-Man”)<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 konumu
\npac_man_x = genislik \/\/ 2
\npac_man_y = yukseklik \/\/ 2<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131
\npac_man_yaricap = 30<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131
\nagiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Hareket h\u0131z\u0131
\nhareket_hizi = 5<\/p>\n

# Labirent duvarlar\u0131
\nduvarlar = [
\n # \u00dcst ve alt duvarlar
\n pygame.Rect(0, 0, genislik, 10),
\n pygame.Rect(0, yukseklik – 10, genislik, 10),
\n # Sol ve sa\u011f duvarlar
\n pygame.Rect(0, 0, 10, yukseklik),
\n pygame.Rect(genislik – 10, 0, 10, yukseklik),
\n # Orta duvarlar
\n pygame.Rect(genislik \/\/ 2 – 50, yukseklik \/\/ 2 – 100, 100, 20),
\n pygame.Rect(genislik \/\/ 2 – 50, yukseklik \/\/ 2 + 100, 100, 20),
\n]<\/p>\n

# Oyun d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc
\noyun_devam_ediyor = True
\nwhile oyun_devam_ediyor:
\n # Etkinlikleri i\u015fle
\n for olay in pygame.event.get():
\n if olay.type == pygame.QUIT:
\n oyun_devam_ediyor = False
\n elif olay.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
\n if olay.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
\n pac_man_x -= hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
\n pac_man_x += hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_UP:
\n pac_man_y -= hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
\n pac_man_y += hareket_hizi<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015ftur
\n pac_man_dikdortgen = pygame.Rect(pac_man_x – pac_man_yaricap, pac_man_y – pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap)<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in duvarlara \u00e7arp\u0131p \u00e7arpmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol et
\n for duvar in duvarlar:
\n if pac_man_dikdortgen.colliderect(duvar):
\n # Pac-Man’in konumunu geri al
\n if olay.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
\n pac_man_x += hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
\n pac_man_x -= hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_UP:
\n pac_man_y += hareket_hizi
\n elif olay.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
\n pac_man_y -= hareket_hizi<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’in a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7 ve kapat
\n agiz_acisi += 1
\n if agiz_acisi >= 180:
\n agiz_acisi = 0<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 siyah renge boya
\n ekran.fill((0, 0, 0))<\/p>\n

# Duvarlar\u0131 \u00e7iz
\n for duvar in duvarlar:
\n pygame.draw.rect(ekran, (255, 255, 255), duvar)<\/p>\n

# Pac-Man’i \u00e7iz
\n pygame.draw.circle(ekran, (255, 255, 0), (pac_man_x, pac_man_y), pac_man_yaricap)
\n pygame.draw.arc(ekran, (0, 0, 0), (pac_man_x – pac_man_yaricap, pac_man_y – pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap, 2 * pac_man_yaricap), 0, agiz_acisi \/ 180 * 3.14, 3)<\/p>\n

# Ekran\u0131 g\u00fcncelle
\n pygame.display.flip()<\/p>\n

# Pygame’i kapat
\npygame.quit()
\n“`<\/p>\n

Bu kod par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131, Pac-Man’in \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fma alan\u0131n\u0131 temsil eden bir dikd\u00f6rtgen tan\u0131mlar ve bu dikd\u00f6rtgenin duvarlarla \u00e7arp\u0131p \u00e7arpmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma tespit edilirse, Pac-Man’in konumu geri al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Oyunu Daha \u0130lgi \u00c7ekici Hale Getirmek<\/h2>\n

Oyunu daha ilgi \u00e7ekici hale getirmek i\u00e7in, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki eklemeleri yapabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n