MFA Zorunlulu\u011fu:<\/strong> IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 i\u00e7in MFA’y\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131larak ek g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nMinimum Yetki Prensibi (Least Privilege)<\/h4>\n
Minimum yetki prensibi, bir kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n veya hizmetin yaln\u0131zca g\u00f6revini yerine getirmek i\u00e7in kesinlikle ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu izinlere sahip olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtir. Bu, g\u00fcvenlik ihlali durumunda potansiyel zarar\u0131 en aza indiren temel bir g\u00fcvenlik uygulamas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015ftururken bu prensibi akl\u0131n\u0131zda bulundurman\u0131z, uzun vadede size b\u00fcy\u00fck faydalar sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015flamadan \u00d6nce: \u00d6n Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar<\/h3>\n
\u0130lk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturmadan \u00f6nce birka\u00e7 basit haz\u0131rl\u0131k yaparak s\u00fcreci daha da h\u0131zland\u0131rabilir ve g\u00fcvenli bir temel olu\u015fturabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
AWS Hesab\u0131n\u0131za Eri\u015fim<\/h4>\n
\u0130lk olarak, AWS hesab\u0131n\u0131za root kullan\u0131c\u0131 olarak giri\u015f yapman\u0131z gerekecek. Bu, sadece ilk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturmak ve root hesab\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in MFA’y\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirmek gibi kritik y\u00f6netim g\u00f6revleri i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen bir durumdur. G\u00fcnl\u00fck i\u015fleriniz i\u00e7in root hesab\u0131 kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.<\/p>\n
G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc Bir \u015eifre Politikas\u0131 Belirleme<\/h4>\n
Olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre politikas\u0131 belirlemek \u00f6nemlidir. AWS, varsay\u0131lan olarak karma\u015f\u0131k \u015fifreler gerektirir, ancak kendi \u00f6zel \u015fifre politikan\u0131z\u0131 (uzunluk, \u00f6zel karakterler, rakamlar vb.) tan\u0131mlayarak g\u00fcvenli\u011fi daha da art\u0131rabilirsiniz. Bu politikay\u0131 IAM konsolunda “Account settings” alt\u0131nda ayarlayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Gerekli \u0130zinleri Anlama<\/h4>\n
Olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ilk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 genellikle bir y\u00f6netici veya geli\u015ftirici rol\u00fcnde olacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta ona AdministratorAccess<\/code> gibi geni\u015f bir y\u00f6netici politikas\u0131 atayabilirsiniz. Ancak, bu sadece bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r. Daha sonra, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revine \u00f6zel, daha k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 izinler atamak i\u00e7in bu politikay\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi veya daha spesifik gruplara eklemeyi hedeflemelisiniz.<\/p>\nAWS Konsolu \u00dczerinden IAM Kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Olu\u015fturma Ad\u0131mlar\u0131<\/h3>\n
\u015eimdi, AWS Y\u00f6netim Konsolu \u00fczerinden ilk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturma s\u00fcrecine ge\u00e7elim. Bu ad\u0131mlar olduk\u00e7a h\u0131zl\u0131 ve sezgiseldir.<\/p>\n
IAM Paneline Eri\u015fim<\/h4>\n\n- AWS Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’na root kullan\u0131c\u0131 olarak giri\u015f yap\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Arama \u00e7ubu\u011funa “IAM” yaz\u0131n ve \u00e7\u0131kan sonu\u00e7lardan “IAM” hizmetini se\u00e7in. Alternatif olarak, “Services” men\u00fcs\u00fcnden “Security, Identity, & Compliance” alt\u0131nda “IAM” se\u00e7ene\u011fine t\u0131klayabilirsiniz.<\/li>\n
- IAM paneline ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, sol men\u00fcde “Users” (Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar) se\u00e7ene\u011fini g\u00f6receksiniz. Buraya t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Yeni Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Olu\u015fturma \u0130\u015flemi<\/h4>\n\n- “Users” sayfas\u0131nda, “Add users” (Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ekle) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Bu sizi “Add user” sihirbaz\u0131na g\u00f6t\u00fcrecektir.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Ad\u0131 ve Eri\u015fim Tipi Belirleme<\/h4>\n
\u0130lk ad\u0131mda, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 ve eri\u015fim tipini belirlemeniz gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
\n- User name (Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131):<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in benzersiz bir ad girin (\u00f6rne\u011fin,
admin-ali<\/code> veya dev-ayse<\/code>).<\/li>\n- AWS access type (AWS eri\u015fim tipi):<\/strong>\n
\n- Programmatic access (Programatik eri\u015fim):<\/strong> Bu se\u00e7enek, kullan\u0131c\u0131ya API, CLI veya SDK arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla AWS’ye eri\u015fim i\u00e7in bir eri\u015fim anahtar\u0131 kimli\u011fi ve gizli eri\u015fim anahtar\u0131 verir. Genellikle uygulamalar veya otomasyon i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n
- AWS Management Console access (AWS Y\u00f6netim Konsolu eri\u015fimi):<\/strong> Bu se\u00e7enek, kullan\u0131c\u0131ya AWS Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’na giri\u015f yapmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifre verir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
\u0130lk y\u00f6netici kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in her iki se\u00e7ene\u011fi de<\/strong> i\u015faretlemeniz \u00f6nerilir. Bu, hem konsol eri\u015fimi hem de CLI\/API eri\u015fimi i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- Console password (Konsol \u015fifresi):<\/strong>\n
\n- Autogenerated password (Otomatik olu\u015fturulan \u015fifre):<\/strong> AWS’nin sizin i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n
- Custom password (\u00d6zel \u015fifre):<\/strong> Kendi \u015fifrenizi belirlemenizi sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Genellikle otomatik olu\u015fturulan \u015fifre daha g\u00fcvenlidir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ilk giri\u015finde \u015fifresini de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini zorunlu k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in “Require user to create a new password at next sign-in (Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bir sonraki oturum a\u00e7\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yeni \u015fifre olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l)”<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fini i\u015faretlemeyi unutmay\u0131n. Bu, ilk \u015fifrenin sadece ge\u00e7ici olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n- “Next: Permissions” (\u0130leri: \u0130zinler) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131ya \u0130zinleri Atama: G\u00fcvenli\u011fin Temeli<\/h3>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131ya izin atamak, IAM’in en kritik ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bu ad\u0131mda, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n AWS kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde hangi eylemleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilece\u011fini belirlersiniz.<\/p>\n
Mevcut Politikalar\u0131 Kullanma<\/h4>\n
\u0130zin atama ekran\u0131nda \u00fc\u00e7 ana se\u00e7enek bulunur:<\/p>\n
\n- Add user to group (Kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 gruba ekle):<\/strong> Mevcut bir IAM grubuna ekleyerek grubun sahip oldu\u011fu t\u00fcm izinleri kullan\u0131c\u0131ya atars\u0131n\u0131z. Bu, birden fazla kullan\u0131c\u0131ya ayn\u0131 izinleri ataman\u0131n en iyi yoludur.<\/li>\n
- Copy permissions from existing user (Mevcut kullan\u0131c\u0131dan izinleri kopyala):<\/strong> Ba\u015fka bir kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu izinleri kopyalar.<\/li>\n
- Attach existing policies directly (Mevcut politikalar\u0131 do\u011frudan ekle):<\/strong> AWS taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen veya sizin olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz \u00f6zel politikalar\u0131 do\u011frudan kullan\u0131c\u0131ya eklersiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u0130lk y\u00f6netici kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in “Attach existing policies directly”<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in ve arama kutusuna AdministratorAccess<\/code> yaz\u0131n. \u00c7\u0131kan listeden AdministratorAccess<\/code><\/strong> politikas\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7in. Bu politika, kullan\u0131c\u0131ya hesab\u0131n\u0131zdaki t\u00fcm AWS kaynaklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde tam y\u00f6netim yetkisi verir. Ancak unutmay\u0131n, bu geni\u015f bir yetkidir ve uzun vadede daha k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 politikalar kullanmay\u0131 hedeflemelisiniz.<\/p>\n“Next: Tags” (\u0130leri: Etiketler) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Grup Olu\u015fturarak \u0130zin Y\u00f6netimi<\/h4>\n
En iyi uygulama, izinleri do\u011frudan kullan\u0131c\u0131lara atamak yerine gruplar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00f6netmektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, “Developers” veya “Admins” ad\u0131nda gruplar olu\u015fturup bu gruplara ilgili politikalar\u0131 ekleyebilirsiniz. Yeni bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ekledi\u011finizde, onu sadece uygun gruba dahil etmeniz yeterli olur.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rnek Grup Olu\u015fturma:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- “Add user to group” se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in.<\/li>\n
- “Create group” d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Grup i\u00e7in bir isim girin (\u00f6rne\u011fin,
AWSAdmins<\/code>).<\/li>\n- Listeden
AdministratorAccess<\/code> politikas\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7in ve “Create group” d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n- Olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz grubu se\u00e7erek kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 bu gruba ekleyin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u00d6zel Politika Olu\u015fturma (Gerekirse)<\/h4>\n
E\u011fer AWS taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen politikalar ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lam\u0131yorsa, kendi \u00f6zel IAM politikalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturabilirsiniz. Bu, daha gran\u00fcler izinler tan\u0131mlaman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. Ancak, ilk kurulum i\u00e7in bu genellikle gerekli de\u011fildir ve daha sonraki bir a\u015famada ele al\u0131nabilir.<\/p>\n
Etiketler (Tags):<\/strong> \u0130ste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak, kullan\u0131c\u0131ya etiketler ekleyebilirsiniz (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Department: IT<\/code>, Project: CoreInfrastructure<\/code>). Bu, kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenlemenize ve maliyetleri takip etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. “Next: Review” (\u0130leri: \u0130ncele) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\nEri\u015fim Anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 Y\u00f6netme ve G\u00fcvenlik En \u0130yi Uygulamalar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015fturma i\u015fleminin son ad\u0131m\u0131, t\u00fcm ayarlar\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmek ve kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r. Bu a\u015famada \u00f6zellikle eri\u015fim anahtarlar\u0131 ve MFA konular\u0131na dikkat etmek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Eri\u015fim Anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131n Olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 ve Saklanmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
Review (\u0130nceleme) ekran\u0131nda, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z t\u00fcm se\u00e7imleri g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin. Her \u015fey do\u011fru g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa, “Create user” (Kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015ftur) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015fturulduktan sonra, bir ba\u015far\u0131 ekran\u0131 g\u00f6receksiniz. E\u011fer programatik eri\u015fim se\u00e7ene\u011fini i\u015faretlediyseniz, burada kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n Access key ID<\/strong> ve Secret access key<\/strong> bilgilerini g\u00f6receksiniz. Bu anahtarlar sadece bir kez g\u00f6sterilir!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n- Access key ID:<\/strong> Genel olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/li>\n
- Secret access key:<\/strong> Gizli tutulmas\u0131 gereken, \u015fifre benzeri bir anahtard\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Bu anahtarlar\u0131 “Download .csv”<\/strong> d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klayarak g\u00fcvenli bir yere indirin ve saklay\u0131n. Bu anahtarlar, AWS CLI, SDK’lar ve API’ler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla AWS kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131za programatik eri\u015fim i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu anahtarlar\u0131 asla genel bir yerde (GitHub, Slack vb.) payla\u015fmay\u0131n!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n
\u00d6NEML\u0130 G\u00dcVENL\u0130K UYARISI:<\/strong> Gizli eri\u015fim anahtar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 (Secret Access Key) bir daha asla g\u00f6remeyeceksiniz. Bu y\u00fczden, olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu anda g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde kaydetti\u011finizden emin olun. Kaybetmeniz durumunda, yeni bir anahtar olu\u015fturman\u0131z gerekecektir.\n<\/div>\nMFA (\u00c7ok Fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc Kimlik Do\u011frulama) Etkinle\u015ftirme<\/h4>\n
Yeni olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in MFA’y\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirmek<\/strong>, hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131racakt\u0131r. Bu, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifrenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, fiziksel bir cihaz (donan\u0131m anahtar\u0131) veya sanal bir MFA uygulamas\u0131 (Google Authenticator, Authy vb.) arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ek bir do\u011frulama ad\u0131m\u0131 gerektirir.<\/p>\n\n- IAM paneline geri d\u00f6n\u00fcn ve sol men\u00fcden “Users” se\u00e7ene\u011fine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Yeni olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz kullan\u0131c\u0131ya t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n detay sayfas\u0131nda “Security credentials” (G\u00fcvenlik kimlik bilgileri) sekmesine gidin.<\/li>\n
- “Assigned MFA device” (Atanm\u0131\u015f MFA cihaz\u0131) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde “Manage” (Y\u00f6net) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- Bir MFA cihaz\u0131 t\u00fcr\u00fc se\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, “Virtual MFA device” – Sanal MFA cihaz\u0131).<\/li>\n
- Talimatlar\u0131 izleyerek sanal MFA uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n ve iki ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k MFA kodunu girerek kurulumu tamamlay\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
Root hesab\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in de mutlaka MFA’y\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirin!<\/strong><\/p>\nAnahtar D\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc ve G\u00fcvenlik \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h4>\n\n- Eri\u015fim Anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczenli Olarak D\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcn:<\/strong> Eri\u015fim anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 belirli aral\u0131klarla (\u00f6rne\u011fin, 90 g\u00fcnde bir) yenilemek iyi bir g\u00fcvenlik uygulamas\u0131d\u0131r. Eski anahtarlar\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p yenilerini olu\u015fturun.<\/li>\n
- Kullan\u0131lmayan Anahtarlar\u0131 Silin:<\/strong> Art\u0131k kullan\u0131lmayan eri\u015fim anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 silin.<\/li>\n
- IAM Politikalar\u0131n\u0131 G\u00f6zden Ge\u00e7irin:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ve rollerinizin sahip oldu\u011fu izinleri d\u00fczenli olarak g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin ve minimum yetki prensibine uygun olduklar\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/li>\n
- AWS CloudTrail ve CloudWatch Kullan\u0131n:<\/strong> Hesap etkinliklerini izlemek ve \u015f\u00fcpheli davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in bu hizmetleri kullan\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Olu\u015fturulan Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ile Oturum A\u00e7ma ve Test Etme<\/h3>\n
IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturduktan ve MFA’y\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirdikten sonra, her \u015feyin do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in yeni kullan\u0131c\u0131yla oturum a\u00e7man\u0131z ve izinlerini test etmeniz \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
IAM Kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile Konsola Giri\u015f<\/h4>\n\n- AWS Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’ndan root hesab\u0131n\u0131zdan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f yap\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- IAM paneline geri d\u00f6n\u00fcn ve “Dashboard” (Kontrol Paneli) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde “AWS account ID” veya “Account alias” (Hesap kimli\u011fi veya Hesap takma ad\u0131) bilgisini i\u00e7eren bir URL g\u00f6receksiniz. Bu URL, IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n oturum a\u00e7mas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir ba\u011flant\u0131d\u0131r. Bu URL’yi kopyalay\u0131n ve yeni bir taray\u0131c\u0131 sekmesinde a\u00e7\u0131n.<\/li>\n
- A\u00e7\u0131lan oturum a\u00e7ma sayfas\u0131nda, yeni olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fifresini girin.<\/li>\n
- E\u011fer MFA etkinle\u015ftirdiyseniz, MFA cihaz\u0131n\u0131zdan gelen kodu girmeniz istenecektir.<\/li>\n
- Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde oturum a\u00e7t\u0131ysan\u0131z, AWS Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’na y\u00f6nlendirileceksiniz.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
\u0130pucu:<\/strong> IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n oturum a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hesab\u0131n\u0131za bir “Account alias” (Hesap takma ad\u0131) atayabilirsiniz. Bu, say\u0131sal hesap kimli\u011fi yerine daha ak\u0131lda kal\u0131c\u0131 bir isimle oturum a\u00e7ma URL’si olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n\u0130zinlerin \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Do\u011frulama<\/h4>\n
Konsola IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zla giri\u015f yapt\u0131ktan sonra, atad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z izinlerin ger\u00e7ekten \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test edin:<\/p>\n
\n- E\u011fer
AdministratorAccess<\/code> atad\u0131ysan\u0131z, EC2, S3, Lambda gibi farkl\u0131 AWS hizmetlerine giderek kaynak olu\u015fturmaya veya mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 y\u00f6netmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n. Herhangi bir hata almadan bu i\u015flemleri yapabilmeniz gerekir.<\/li>\n- E\u011fer daha k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 bir politika atad\u0131ysan\u0131z, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n eri\u015fmesi gereken hizmetlere gitmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n ve eri\u015fiminiz olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. Eri\u015fmemesi gereken hizmetlere eri\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda “Access Denied” (Eri\u015fim Reddedildi) hatas\u0131 alman\u0131z beklenir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Hata Ay\u0131klama \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h4>\n
E\u011fer bir hizmete eri\u015firken “Access Denied” hatas\u0131 al\u0131yorsan\u0131z ve almam\u0131z gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z:<\/p>\n
\n- IAM Politikalar\u0131n\u0131 Kontrol Edin:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131ya veya kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n dahil oldu\u011fu gruba atanan IAM politikalar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatlice inceleyin. Gerekli izinlerin (
Action<\/code>) ve kaynaklar\u0131n (Resource<\/code>) do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/li>\n- AWS CloudTrail’i Kullan\u0131n:<\/strong> CloudTrail, hesab\u0131n\u0131zdaki t\u00fcm API \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaydeder. Hata ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda CloudTrail olay g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini kontrol ederek hangi API \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n reddedildi\u011fini ve nedenini (
errorCode<\/code>, errorMessage<\/code>) g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n- IAM Policy Simulator’\u0131 Kullan\u0131n:<\/strong> IAM konsolunda bulunan Policy Simulator, belirli bir kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir eylemi belirli bir kaynak \u00fczerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirip ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiremeyece\u011fini test etmenize olanak tan\u0131r. Bu, politika sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok de\u011ferli bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
S\u0131k\u00e7a Yap\u0131lan Hatalar ve Ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 Gerekenler<\/h3>\n
IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 olu\u015ftururken ve y\u00f6netirken yap\u0131lan baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n hatalar vard\u0131r. Bu hatalardan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak, AWS ortam\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Root Kullan\u0131c\u0131 ile \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya Devam Etmek<\/h4>\n
En b\u00fcy\u00fck hata, ilk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturduktan sonra bile root kullan\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck operasyonlar i\u00e7in kullanmaya devam etmektir. Root kullan\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131n\u0131 sadece \u00e7ok nadir ve kritik y\u00f6netim g\u00f6revleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131n ve her zaman MFA ile koruyun.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 Yetki Verme<\/h4>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131lara veya gruplara g\u00f6revleri i\u00e7in gerekenden daha fazla izin vermek (\u00f6rne\u011fin, her kullan\u0131c\u0131ya AdministratorAccess<\/code> vermek) ciddi bir g\u00fcvenlik riskidir. Her zaman “minimum yetki prensibini” uygulay\u0131n ve sadece gerekli izinleri atay\u0131n. \u0130zinleri zamanla daraltmay\u0131 hedefleyin.<\/p>\nMFA Kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u0130hmal Etmek<\/h4>\n
Hem root hesab\u0131n\u0131z hem de t\u00fcm IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in MFA’y\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirmemek, hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 brute-force sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na veya kimlik av\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 savunmas\u0131z b\u0131rak\u0131r. MFA, hesap g\u00fcvenli\u011finiz i\u00e7in olmazsa olmaz bir ad\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Eri\u015fim Anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 G\u00fcvenli Saklamamak<\/h4>\n
Eri\u015fim anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 (\u00f6zellikle gizli eri\u015fim anahtar\u0131n\u0131) a\u00e7\u0131kta b\u0131rakmak, kod depolar\u0131na y\u00fcklemek veya g\u00fcvensiz bir \u015fekilde payla\u015fmak, hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesine yol a\u00e7abilir. Anahtarlar\u0131 g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde saklay\u0131n, d\u00fczenli olarak d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcn ve kullan\u0131lmayanlar\u0131 silin.<\/p>\n
Politikalar\u0131 D\u00fczenli Olarak G\u00f6zden Ge\u00e7irmemek<\/h4>\n
\u0130\u015f ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 zamanla de\u011fi\u015febilir. Bu nedenle, IAM politikalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 izinlerinizi d\u00fczenli olarak g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmek ve g\u00fcncel tutmak \u00f6nemlidir. Art\u0131k gerekli olmayan izinleri kald\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
AWS’te ilk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, bulut g\u00fcvenli\u011finizin temel ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r ve g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 sadece birka\u00e7 dakika i\u00e7inde tamamlanabilir. Root hesab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 koruyarak ve her g\u00f6rev i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak yetkilendirilmi\u015f IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kullanarak, AWS ortam\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilirsiniz. Minimum yetki prensibini benimseyin, MFA’y\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirin ve eri\u015fim anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 dikkatli y\u00f6netin. Bu basit ad\u0131mlar, AWS yolculu\u011funuzda size sa\u011flam ve g\u00fcvenli bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
SSS (S\u0131k Sorulan Sorular)<\/h3>\nAWS IAM nedir?<\/h4>\n
AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management), AWS kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131za kimlerin ve hangi yetkilerle eri\u015febilece\u011fini g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netmenizi sa\u011flayan bir AWS hizmetidir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, gruplar, roller ve politikalar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla eri\u015fim kontrol\u00fc sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Root kullan\u0131c\u0131 yerine neden IAM kullanmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/h4>\n
Root kullan\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131, AWS hesab\u0131n\u0131zdaki t\u00fcm kaynaklara tam eri\u015fime sahiptir ve bu da b\u00fcy\u00fck bir g\u00fcvenlik riski olu\u015fturur. IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, her g\u00f6reve \u00f6zel minimum yetki prensibiyle izinler atanmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece g\u00fcvenlik ihlali durumunda potansiyel zarar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlar ve hesap etkinliklerinin daha iyi izlenmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturmak ne kadar s\u00fcrer?<\/h4>\n
AWS Y\u00f6netim Konsolu \u00fczerinden ilk IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, bu makaledeki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 takip ederek ortalama 5 dakika veya daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede tamamlanabilir.<\/p>\n
Bir IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na hangi izinleri vermeliyim?<\/h4>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6revini yerine getirmesi i\u00e7in kesinlikle ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu minimum izinleri vermelisiniz (minimum yetki prensibi). Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta AdministratorAccess<\/code> gibi geni\u015f bir politika atayabilirsiniz, ancak daha sonra kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 ve spesifik politikalarla de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi hedeflemelisiniz.<\/p>\nEri\u015fim anahtarlar\u0131m\u0131 kaybedersem ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/h4>\n
E\u011fer bir IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n gizli eri\u015fim anahtar\u0131n\u0131 kaybederseniz, yeni bir anahtar olu\u015fturman\u0131z gerekir. Kay\u0131p anahtar\u0131 geri getirme veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme imkan\u0131 yoktur. Kay\u0131p anahtar\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131p yeni bir tane olu\u015fturarak g\u00fcvenli\u011fi sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
MFA (\u00c7ok Fakt\u00f6rl\u00fc Kimlik Do\u011frulama) nedir ve neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/h4>\n
MFA, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifrenin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra ek bir do\u011frulama ad\u0131m\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bir mobil uygulamadan gelen kod) gerektiren bir g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131d\u0131r. Hesap g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r ve yetkisiz eri\u015fimi engellemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Hem root hesab\u0131n\u0131z hem de t\u00fcm IAM kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in MFA’y\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirmek zorunludur.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management), AWS kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131za kimlerin (kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, gruplar, roller) ne \u015fekilde eri\u015febilece\u011fini g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde…","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1406],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-37003","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-aws","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\n
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