{"id":35877,"date":"2025-12-05T01:31:02","date_gmt":"2025-12-04T22:31:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/test-planinizi-secin-ve-execute-in-parallel-onay-kutusunu-devre-disi-birakin\/"},"modified":"2025-12-05T01:31:02","modified_gmt":"2025-12-04T22:31:02","slug":"test-planinizi-secin-ve-execute-in-parallel-onay-kutusunu-devre-disi-birakin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/test-planinizi-secin-ve-execute-in-parallel-onay-kutusunu-devre-disi-birakin\/","title":{"rendered":"Test plan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7in ve “Execute in parallel” onay kutusunu devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n."},"content":{"rendered":"


\n<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde testler, kod kalitesini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alman\u0131n ve olas\u0131 hatalar\u0131 erken a\u015famada tespit etmenin vazge\u00e7ilmez bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Swift ve Xcode ekosisteminde, uygulamalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n i\u015flevselli\u011fini do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in genellikle XCTest framework’\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131r\u0131z. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde, test s\u00fcrelerini k\u0131saltmak ve geri bildirim d\u00f6ng\u00fclerini h\u0131zland\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla paralel test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fclerdir. Ancak, her senaryoda paralel testler beklenen fayday\u0131 sa\u011flamayabilir; hatta baz\u0131 durumlarda testlerinizin karars\u0131z (“flaky”) hale gelmesine neden olabilir. Peki, Swift testlerini seri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak neden baz\u0131 durumlarda kritik bir \u00f6neme sahiptir ve paralel testlerin getirdi\u011fi zorluklar nelerdir?<\/p>\n

Paralel testler, ad\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi, birden fazla testin ayn\u0131 anda veya e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmesini ifade eder. Bu, genellikle test s\u00fcresini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltarak geli\u015ftiricilerin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 geri bildirim almas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerde y\u00fczlerce veya binlerce testin bulunmas\u0131 durumunda, paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma bir zorunluluk haline gelebilir. Ancak bu h\u0131z\u0131n bir bedeli vard\u0131r: kaynak ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131. Testleriniz ortak bir veritaban\u0131, payla\u015f\u0131lan dosya sistemi, a\u011f kaynaklar\u0131 veya hatta kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc elementleri gibi d\u0131\u015f kaynaklara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131ysa, paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kaosa yol a\u00e7abilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir testin veritaban\u0131nda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik, e\u015f zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ba\u015fka bir testin bekledi\u011fi veriyi bozabilir. Bu durum, testlerin bazen ge\u00e7ip bazen kalmas\u0131na neden olan “flaky” test sorununu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Flaky testler, geli\u015ftirme ekipleri i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir zaman kayb\u0131 ve moral bozuklu\u011fu kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z bir testin ger\u00e7ek bir hata m\u0131 yoksa sadece bir test altyap\u0131s\u0131 sorunu mu oldu\u011funu anlamak zordur.<\/p>\n

Ortak kaynak y\u00f6netimi, paralel testlerdeki en b\u00fcy\u00fck zorluklardan biridir. Her testin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ve izole bir ortamda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 idealdir, ancak pratik uygulamada bu her zaman m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz. \u00d6zellikle UI testleri (XCUITest) s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, uygulaman\u0131n tek bir durumuna odaklanmak ve bu durumu de\u011fi\u015ftiren di\u011fer testlerden etkilenmemek hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Bir UI testi, uygulaman\u0131n belirli bir ekran\u0131nda belirli bir butona basma senaryosunu do\u011frulamak isteyebilir. E\u011fer ayn\u0131 anda ba\u015fka bir UI testi, uygulaman\u0131n durumunu farkl\u0131 bir ekrana y\u00f6nlendirecek \u015fekilde de\u011fi\u015ftirirse, ilk test ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar, testlerin kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkiler ve sonu\u00e7 olarak CI\/CD (S\u00fcrekli Entegrasyon\/S\u00fcrekli Teslimat) boru hatt\u0131n\u0131zda gereksiz k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 i\u015faretlere yol a\u00e7ar. Bu da geli\u015ftiricilerin test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na olan g\u00fcvenini azalt\u0131r ve test k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olumsuz etkiler.<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, paralel testler h\u0131z avantaj\u0131 sunsa da, payla\u015f\u0131lan kaynaklara a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olan, s\u0131ral\u0131 i\u015flem gerektiren veya UI durumunu etkileyen testler i\u00e7in seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7ok daha g\u00fcvenli ve stabil bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Swift geli\u015ftiricileri olarak, test stratejimizi belirlerken bu dengeyi iyi kurmal\u0131y\u0131z. Hangi testlerin paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilece\u011fini ve hangilerinin kesinlikle seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini anlamak, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir test s\u00fciti olu\u015fturman\u0131n anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu makalenin ilerleyen b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde, Swift testlerinizi nas\u0131l seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, bunun i\u00e7in hangi ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve teknikleri kullanabilece\u011finizi detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

Uzman \u0130pucu: Testlerinizi yazarken her zaman ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k prensibini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun. Her testin kendi \u00f6nko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131 ve temizlemesini sa\u011flamak (setup\/teardown), hem paralel hem de seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmada daha kararl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar alman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. Ancak bu m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00fcvenli limand\u0131r.<\/div>\n

Swift’te Seri Testleri Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131r\u0131z? Xcode ve Komut Sat\u0131r\u0131 Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h2>\n

Swift projelerimizde testleri seri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n birden fazla yolu bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemler genellikle Xcode IDE’si \u00fczerinden veya komut sat\u0131r\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla xcodebuild<\/code> arac\u0131 kullan\u0131larak uygulan\u0131r. Her iki yakla\u015f\u0131m da, testlerinizi belirli bir s\u0131rayla veya tek tek y\u00fcr\u00fctme kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc size sunar, bu da \u00f6zellikle ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 olan veya d\u0131\u015f kaynaklar\u0131 kullanan testler i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n

# Xcode \u00dczerinden Seri Test Ayarlar\u0131 Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Xcode, test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli ayarlar sunar. En do\u011frudan y\u00f6ntemlerden biri, test planlar\u0131 (Test Plans) kullanarak paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmakt\u0131r. Xcode 11 ile birlikte gelen test planlar\u0131, farkl\u0131 test yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlaman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r ve testlerinizi daha gran\u00fcler bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

1. Test Plan\u0131 Olu\u015fturma veya D\u00fczenleme<\/strong>: Projenizde zaten bir test plan\u0131 yoksa, Navigat\u00f6r b\u00f6lmesindeki “Test Navigator” sekmesine gidin, ard\u0131ndan + d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klayarak “New Test Plan” se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in. E\u011fer mevcut bir test plan\u0131n\u0131z varsa, onu \u00e7ift t\u0131klayarak d\u00fczenleyebilirsiniz.
\n2. Paralel \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 Devre D\u0131\u015f\u0131 B\u0131rakma<\/strong>: Test plan\u0131 d\u00fczenleyicisinde, “Configuration” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn alt\u0131nda “Execute in parallel” se\u00e7ene\u011fini g\u00f6receksiniz. Bu kutucu\u011fun i\u015faretini kald\u0131rarak, testlerinizin paralel yerine seri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilirsiniz. Bu ayar, test plan\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm testlere uygulan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\n      
Test plan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7in ve \"Execute in parallel\" onay kutusunu devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n.<\/p>\n      \"Xcode <\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\n3.  Hedef Baz\u0131nda Seri \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong>: Bazen belirli bir test hedefini (\u00f6rne\u011fin, sadece UI testleri) seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak isteyebilirsiniz. Test plan\u0131nda, test hedeflerinizin yan\u0131nda \"Test Runner\" k\u0131sm\u0131nda \"Parallelize execution\" se\u00e7ene\u011fi bulunabilir. Bunu da devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakarak o hedefe ait testlerin seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Xcode \u00fczerinden bu ayarlar\u0131 yapmak, \u00f6zellikle g\u00f6rsel aray\u00fcz\u00fc tercih eden geli\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Birden fazla test plan\u0131 olu\u015fturarak farkl\u0131 test stratejilerini (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bir plan paralel CI\/CD testleri i\u00e7in, di\u011feri ise lokalde hata ay\u0131klama i\u00e7in seri testler i\u00e7in) kolayca y\u00f6netebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
# xcodebuild ile Komut Sat\u0131r\u0131ndan Seri Test Nas\u0131l Ko\u015fulur?<\/strong><\/p>\n
CI\/CD ortamlar\u0131nda veya otomasyon betiklerinde Xcode IDE'sini do\u011frudan kullanmak yerine, xcodebuild<\/code> komut sat\u0131r\u0131 arac\u0131n\u0131 tercih ederiz. xcodebuild<\/code>, testleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in zengin se\u00e7enekler sunar ve seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 da destekler.<\/p>\n
xcodebuild<\/code> ile testleri seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n anahtar\u0131, destination<\/code> arg\u00fcman\u0131n\u0131 dikkatli kullanmakt\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle UI testleri (XCUITest) i\u00e7in sim\u00fclat\u00f6rlerde paralel testler genellikle cihaz ba\u015f\u0131na birden fazla test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma giri\u015fiminde bulunur. Seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 zorlamak i\u00e7in, xcodebuild<\/code> komutunda belirli bir sim\u00fclat\u00f6r UUID'sini belirtmek veya test hedefini paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan sorumlu olan -maximum-concurrent-test-device-count<\/code> ve -maximum-concurrent-test-simulator-loads<\/code> gibi parametreleri kontrol etmek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
En basit haliyle, tek bir test hedefini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken:<\/p>\n
\nxcodebuild test \\\n  -workspace YourApp.xcworkspace \\\n  -scheme YourApp \\\n  -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 15 Pro,OS=17.0' \\\n  -testPlan \"MySerialTestPlan\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nYukar\u0131daki komutta, -testPlan \"MySerialTestPlan\"<\/code> arg\u00fcman\u0131, Xcode'da olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz ve paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z test plan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu, en g\u00fcvenilir yoldur \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc t\u00fcm ayarlar\u0131n\u0131z Xcode projenizin i\u00e7inde saklan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
E\u011fer test plan\u0131 kullanm\u0131yorsan\u0131z ve t\u00fcm testleri seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak istiyorsan\u0131z, xcodebuild<\/code> komutuna do\u011frudan paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlayan parametreler ekleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
\nxcodebuild test \\\n  -workspace YourApp.xcworkspace \\\n  -scheme YourApp \\\n  -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 15 Pro,OS=17.0' \\\n  -parallel-testing-enabled NO \\\n  -maximum-concurrent-test-device-count 1 \\\n  -maximum-concurrent-test-simulator-loads 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/code>
\nBu komut, t\u00fcm testleri belirtilen iPhone 15 Pro sim\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcnde seri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. -parallel-testing-enabled NO<\/code> a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a paralel testi devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131rken, di\u011fer iki parametre e\u015f zamanl\u0131 cihaz ve sim\u00fclat\u00f6r y\u00fckleme say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bire indirerek seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 zorlar. Bu kombinasyon, \u00f6zellikle XCUITest'ler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir ve test ortam\u0131n\u0131n tek bir sim\u00fclat\u00f6r \u00f6rne\u011fi \u00fczerinde izole kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Bu komutlar\u0131 CI\/CD sistemlerinize entegre ederek, otomatikle\u015ftirilmi\u015f derleme ve test s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinizde de seri test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 kolayca uygulayabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Jenkins, GitLab CI veya GitHub Actions gibi ara\u00e7larda bu komutlar\u0131 bir betik i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak, testlerinizin her zaman stabil ve \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fcmesini sa\u011flayabilirsiniz. \u00d6zellikle karars\u0131z testlerin (flaky tests) s\u0131k\u00e7a ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 UI testlerinde bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, hata ay\u0131klama s\u00fcresini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r ve geli\u015ftirici verimlili\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r. Bu sayede, test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131za olan g\u00fcveniniz artar ve ger\u00e7ek hatalara odaklanmak i\u00e7in daha fazla zaman\u0131n\u0131z olur.<\/p>\n
Vaka Analizi: Flaky Testlerin Ser\u00fcveni ve Seri Testlerle Gelen \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm<\/h2>\n
Bir mobil uygulama geli\u015ftirme ekibinde, s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlardan biri \"flaky\" testlerdir. Bu testler, ayn\u0131 kod taban\u0131nda ve ayn\u0131 ortamda bazen ge\u00e7ip bazen ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan, tutars\u0131z sonu\u00e7lar veren testlerdir. Bu durum, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k Swift uygulamalar\u0131nda, paralel test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 devreye girdi\u011finde daha da belirginle\u015fir. \u015eimdi, hayali bir senaryo \u00fczerinden bu sorunun nas\u0131l ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve seri testlerle nas\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fini inceleyelim.<\/p>\n
Senaryo: \"TaskWise\" Uygulamas\u0131 ve Payla\u015f\u0131lan G\u00f6rev Y\u00f6netimi Sistemi<\/strong><\/p>\n
\"TaskWise\" ad\u0131nda bir g\u00f6rev y\u00f6netimi uygulamas\u0131 geli\u015ftiren bir ekibimiz var. Uygulama, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6revleri olu\u015fturmas\u0131n\u0131, d\u00fczenlemesini ve tamamlamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Uygulaman\u0131n backend'i, payla\u015f\u0131lan bir REST API ve yerel bir Realm veritaban\u0131 ile etkile\u015fim kuruyor. Ekip, h\u0131zl\u0131 geri bildirim d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri i\u00e7in CI\/CD hatt\u0131nda testleri paralel olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Problem:<\/strong> Ekip, son birka\u00e7 sprinttir CI\/CD s\u00fcrecinde rastgele ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olan bir dizi UI testinden \u015fikayet\u00e7i. \u00d6zellikle, \u015fu \u00fc\u00e7 test s\u0131k\u00e7a \"flaky\" sonu\u00e7lar veriyor:<\/p>\n
1.  testCreateNewTask()<\/code>: Yeni bir g\u00f6rev olu\u015fturup ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclendi\u011fini do\u011frulayan test.
\n2.  testEditExistingTask()<\/code>: Mevcut bir g\u00f6revi d\u00fczenleyip de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin kaydedildi\u011fini do\u011frulayan test.
\n3.  testMarkTaskAsComplete()<\/code>: Bir g\u00f6revi tamamland\u0131 olarak i\u015faretleyip listeden kayboldu\u011funu do\u011frulayan test.<\/p>\n
Bu testler, lokalde geli\u015ftiricilerin makinelerinde genellikle sorunsuz ge\u00e7iyor, ancak CI\/CD sunucusunda paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131nda %30-40 oran\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oluyor. Ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131n ortak nedeni: \"Element not found\" veya \"UI state not as expected\" (Beklenen UI durumu de\u011fil).<\/p>\n
K\u00f6ken Neden Analizi (Root Cause Analysis):<\/strong><\/p>\n
Ekip, bir s\u00fcre sonra detayl\u0131 bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmaya karar verdi. \u015eunlar ke\u015ffedildi:<\/p>\n
*   Payla\u015f\u0131lan Veritaban\u0131 ve A\u011f \u0130ste\u011fi Mock'lar\u0131:<\/strong> Her \u00fc\u00e7 test de ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce Realm veritaban\u0131n\u0131 temizliyor ve belirli ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 verileriyle dolduruyordu. Ayr\u0131ca, a\u011f istekleri i\u00e7in URLSession<\/code>'\u0131n URLProtocol<\/code>'u \u00fczerinden mock veriler sa\u011fl\u0131yorlard\u0131. Ancak, bu kurulumlar test s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde setUp()<\/code> ve tearDown()<\/code> metodlar\u0131nda yap\u0131l\u0131yordu ve paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan di\u011fer testler bu payla\u015f\u0131lan kaynaklar\u0131 etkileyebiliyordu.
\n*   A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 H\u0131zl\u0131 UI Ge\u00e7i\u015fleri:<\/strong> \u00d6zellikle testCreateNewTask()<\/code> ve testEditExistingTask()<\/code> testleri, aray\u00fczde h\u0131zl\u0131 ge\u00e7i\u015fler ve modal pencerelerin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapanmas\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eriyordu. Paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ba\u015fka bir UI testi, ana uygulaman\u0131n UI hiyerar\u015fisini anl\u0131k olarak bozabiliyor veya beklendi\u011fi gibi olmayan bir duruma getirebiliyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir test hen\u00fcz bir modal\u0131 kapatmadan di\u011feri ba\u015fka bir modal a\u00e7maya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabiliyordu.
\n*   Senkronizasyon Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong> Testlerin birbirini beklemeden e\u015f zamanl\u0131 olarak payla\u015f\u0131lan Realm veritaban\u0131n\u0131 manip\u00fcle etmesi, veri tutars\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131na yol a\u00e7\u0131yordu. Bir test, kendi bekledi\u011fi verinin ba\u015fka bir test taraf\u0131ndan silindi\u011fini veya de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fini fark edebiliyordu.<\/p>\n
\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm: Seri Test \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong><\/p>\n
Bu analizin ard\u0131ndan ekip, \u00f6zellikle bu \"flaky\" UI testleri i\u00e7in seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n daha uygun olaca\u011f\u0131na karar verdi. \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm ad\u0131mlar\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekilde uyguland\u0131:<\/p>\n
1.  Xcode Test Plan\u0131 Olu\u015fturma:<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131n TaskWiseUITests<\/code> hedefine \u00f6zel yeni bir Test Plan\u0131 olu\u015fturdular ve ad\u0131n\u0131 \"SerialUITests\" koydular.
\n2.  Paralel \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 Devre D\u0131\u015f\u0131 B\u0131rakma:<\/strong> \"SerialUITests\" plan\u0131n\u0131n ayarlar\u0131nda, \"Execute in parallel\" se\u00e7ene\u011fini devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131lar.
\n3.  CI\/CD Entegrasyonu:<\/strong> CI\/CD betiklerini g\u00fcncelleyerek, xcodebuild<\/code> komutuna bu yeni Test Plan\u0131n\u0131 kullanmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylediler.<\/p>\n
    \u00d6nceki paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma komutu (basitle\u015ftirilmi\u015f hali):<\/p>\n
\n    # Eski komut: Paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma varsay\u0131lan olabilir\n    xcodebuild test \\\n      -workspace TaskWise.xcworkspace \\\n      -scheme TaskWise \\\n      -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 15 Pro,OS=17.0'\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
Yeni seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma komutu:<\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
\n    # Yeni komut: Seri test plan\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak\n    xcodebuild test \\\n      -workspace TaskWise.xcworkspace \\\n      -scheme TaskWise \\\n      -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 15 Pro,OS=17.0' \\\n      -testPlan \"SerialUITests\"\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/code><\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7lar:<\/strong><\/p>\n
Bu de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fin ard\u0131ndan, \"TaskWise\" uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n UI testleri CI\/CD hatt\u0131nda art\u0131k tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ge\u00e7meye ba\u015flad\u0131. Rastgele ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131klar ortadan kalkt\u0131 ve ekip, test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na olan g\u00fcvenini geri kazand\u0131. Seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma nedeniyle test s\u00fcresi biraz artsa da (yakla\u015f\u0131k %15-20), elde edilen stabilite ve geli\u015ftiricilerin flaky testleri ay\u0131klamak i\u00e7in harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman\u0131n azalmas\u0131, bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck performansa de\u011ferdi. Ekip, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kritik olmayan birim testlerini hala paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya devam ederken, UI testleri ve entegrasyon testleri gibi d\u0131\u015f kaynaklara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olanlar\u0131 seri olarak ko\u015fmaya karar verdi. Bu vaka analizi, seri testlerin, \u00f6zellikle karma\u015f\u0131k ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 senaryolarda, test s\u00fcitlerinin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini nas\u0131l art\u0131rabilece\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n
Uzman \u0130pucu: Flaky testlerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, hemen kodu su\u00e7lamadan \u00f6nce test altyap\u0131n\u0131zdaki paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin. Bazen en basit \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm, testlerinizi s\u0131rayla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/div>\n
\u0130leri D\u00fczey Kontrol: Test Planlar\u0131, Test Gruplar\u0131 ve Otomasyon Entegrasyonu<\/h2>\n
Swift testlerinin seri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kritik bir ad\u0131md\u0131r, ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerde sadece \"seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\" demek yeterli olmayabilir. Testlerinizi daha verimli y\u00f6netmek ve otomasyon s\u00fcre\u00e7lerine sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde entegre etmek i\u00e7in Xcode'un sundu\u011fu ileri d\u00fczey kontrol mekanizmalar\u0131na hakim olmak gerekir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, Test Planlar\u0131 ve Test Gruplar\u0131 gibi ara\u00e7larla test y\u00fcr\u00fctmesini nas\u0131l daha detayl\u0131 kontrol edebilece\u011fimizi ve bu kontrolleri CI\/CD boru hatlar\u0131na nas\u0131l entegre edebilece\u011fimizi inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n
# Test Planlar\u0131 ile Gran\u00fcler Y\u00f6netim<\/strong><\/p>\n
Xcode 11 ile tan\u0131t\u0131lan Test Planlar\u0131, testlerinizi organize etme ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u015feklinizi devrim niteli\u011finde de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. Bir test plan\u0131, farkl\u0131 test yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin, dil, lokal, cihaz tipi, paralel\/seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma) tek bir dosya i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mlaman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. Bu sayede, farkl\u0131 senaryolar i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 test setlerini kolayca \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
*   \u00c7oklu Konfig\u00fcrasyonlar<\/strong>: Ayn\u0131 test hedefine (\u00f6rne\u011fin, \"YourAppUITests\") sahipken, farkl\u0131 test planlar\u0131 olu\u015fturarak farkl\u0131 senaryolar\u0131 test edebilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir test plan\u0131 t\u00fcm testleri paralel ve h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, ba\u015fka bir test plan\u0131 yaln\u0131zca kritik UI testlerini seri ve belirli bir dilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilir. Bu, lokalde geli\u015ftirme yaparken veya CI\/CD'de farkl\u0131 a\u015famalar i\u00e7in esneklik sa\u011flar.
\n*   Test Gruplar\u0131 ve Filtreleme<\/strong>: Test planlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde, belirli testleri dahil etmek veya hari\u00e7 tutmak i\u00e7in filtreler kullanabilirsiniz. Bu, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir test s\u00fcitiniz oldu\u011funda ve sadece belirli bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik i\u00e7in ilgili testleri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak istedi\u011finizde \u00e7ok kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. Test plan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenlerken, \"Tests\" sekmesinin alt\u0131nda testlerinizi gruplayabilir ve her bir grubun paralel veya seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 belirleyebilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n
    \n        
  • Kritik UI testleri (seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131)<\/li>\n        
  • Performans testleri (belirli bir ortamda tek ba\u015f\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131)<\/li>\n        
  • H\u0131zl\u0131 birim testleri (paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir)<\/li>\n      <\/ul>\n      
    Bu gruplar\u0131 test plan\u0131n\u0131zda tan\u0131mlayarak, her birinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma stratejisini belirleyebilirsiniz.<\/p><\/pre>\n
    <\/code>
    \n*   Test \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/strong>: Test planlar\u0131, her test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir ortam sa\u011flamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir test plan\u0131 uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n varsay\u0131lan dilini \u0130ngilizce olarak ayarlarken, ba\u015fka bir plan Almanca olarak ayarlayabilir. Bu, lokalizasyon testlerini seri ve kontroll\u00fc bir \u015fekilde yapman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
    # Otomasyon ve CI\/CD Entegrasyonu<\/strong><\/p>\n
    Seri test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 CI\/CD boru hatt\u0131n\u0131za entegre etmek, otomatikle\u015fmi\u015f testlerinizin g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir. xcodebuild<\/code> komutu, test planlar\u0131yla sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde entegre olur.<\/p>\n
    \u00d6rne\u011fin, xcodebuild<\/code> komutunuzda birden fazla test plan\u0131 kullanmak isteyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
    \n# Birinci ad\u0131m: H\u0131zl\u0131, paralel birim testlerini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\nxcodebuild test \\\n  -workspace MyProject.xcworkspace \\\n  -scheme MyProject \\\n  -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 15 Pro,OS=17.0' \\\n  -testPlan \"FastUnitTests\"\n\n# \u0130kinci ad\u0131m: Kritik, seri UI testlerini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\nxcodebuild test \\\n  -workspace MyProject.xcworkspace \\\n  -scheme MyProject \\\n  -destination 'platform=iOS Simulator,name=iPhone 15 Pro,OS=17.0' \\\n  -testPlan \"CriticalUITests\"\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/code>
    \nBu yakla\u015f\u0131m, CI\/CD boru hatt\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 iki a\u015famaya ay\u0131rman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r: \u00f6nce h\u0131zl\u0131 paralel testlerle erken geri bildirim al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z, ard\u0131ndan daha yava\u015f ama kritik olan seri testlerle daha derinlemesine bir do\u011frulama yapars\u0131n\u0131z. Bu, hem h\u0131z hem de kararl\u0131l\u0131k aras\u0131nda bir denge kurman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
    CI\/CD Ortam\u0131nda Ek Kontroller:<\/strong><\/p>\n
    *   Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenleri<\/strong>: CI\/CD ara\u00e7lar\u0131, ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla testlerin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir CI=true<\/code> ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeni ayarlayarak, testlerinizde bu de\u011fi\u015fkeni kontrol edebilir ve CI ortam\u0131na \u00f6zel setup\/teardown mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygulayabilirsiniz (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ger\u00e7ek bir veritaban\u0131 yerine ge\u00e7ici bir veritaban\u0131 kullanmak).
    \n*   Test Raporlama<\/strong>: Testler seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n daha net ve okunabilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in JUnit veya Cobertura format\u0131nda raporlar olu\u015fturmak \u00f6nemlidir. xcodebuild<\/code> bu t\u00fcr raporlar\u0131 destekler:<\/p>\n
    \n    xcodebuild test ... \\\n      -resultBundlePath \"Build\/TestResults\/MyTests.xcresult\"\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/code>
    \n    Bu xcresult<\/code> paketini daha sonra xcparse<\/code> gibi ara\u00e7larla i\u015fleyerek insan taraf\u0131ndan okunabilir raporlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrebilirsiniz.
    \n*   Duyarl\u0131 Rapor G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleme<\/strong>: CI\/CD platformlar\u0131nda test raporlar\u0131 genellikle web aray\u00fczleri \u00fczerinden g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenir. Bu raporlar\u0131n mobil cihazlardan da eri\u015filebilir ve okunabilir olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, rapor sayfalar\u0131n\u0131n responsive (duyarl\u0131) tasar\u0131ma sahip olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. CSS media query'lerini kullanarak farkl\u0131 ekran boyutlar\u0131na uyum sa\u011flayan rapor g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmleri tasarlayabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ekranlarda test \u00f6zetini g\u00f6sterip detaylar\u0131 daraltabilir, b\u00fcy\u00fck ekranlarda ise t\u00fcm detaylar\u0131 listeleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
    Bu ileri d\u00fczey teknikler, testlerinizi sadece seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmakla kalmay\u0131p, ayn\u0131 zamanda onlar\u0131 stratejik olarak y\u00f6netmenizi ve geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinize sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde entegre etmenizi sa\u011flar. Stabil ve g\u00fcvenilir test s\u00fcitleri, yaz\u0131l\u0131m kalitesini art\u0131rman\u0131n ve geli\u015ftirici verimlili\u011fini y\u00fckseltmenin temelidir.<\/p>\n
    Seri Testlerde Performans\u0131 Art\u0131rma ve En \u0130yi Uygulamalar: H\u0131z ve Stabilite Dengesi<\/h2>\n
    Swift testlerini seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, kararl\u0131l\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenilirlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik avantajlar sunsa da, bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n potansiyel bir dezavantaj\u0131 vard\u0131r: artan test s\u00fcresi. \u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerde, t\u00fcm testleri seriye almak, CI\/CD d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ciddi \u015fekilde yava\u015flatabilir. Bu nedenle, seri testleri uygularken performans\u0131 optimize etmek ve en iyi uygulamalar\u0131 takip etmek, hem h\u0131z hem de stabilite dengesini korumak i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
    # Performans\u0131 Art\u0131rmak \u0130\u00e7in \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n
    1.  Gereksiz Testleri Ay\u0131klama ve Temizleme<\/strong>:
    \n    *   Test S\u00fcitini G\u00f6zden Ge\u00e7irin<\/strong>: Ger\u00e7ekten gerekli olmayan veya art\u0131k g\u00fcncel olmayan testleri belirleyin ve kald\u0131r\u0131n. Eski veya tekrarlayan testler sadece zaman kayb\u0131na neden olur.
    \n    *   Verimli setUp()<\/code> ve tearDown()<\/code> Metotlar\u0131<\/strong>: Her testin veya test s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n setUp()<\/code> ve tearDown()<\/code> metotlar\u0131, testin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 \u00f6ncesinde ve sonras\u0131nda gerekli kaynaklar\u0131 haz\u0131rlar ve temizler. Bu metotlar\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca hafif tutun. \u00d6rne\u011fin, her test i\u00e7in ba\u015ftan sona bir veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fturmak yerine, test s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir kez olu\u015fturup, her testten sonra sadece ilgili verileri temizlemek daha h\u0131zl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
    \n    import XCTest\n\n    class MyFeatureUITests: XCTestCase {\n        \/\/ Class'in t\u00fcm testlerinden \u00f6nce bir kez \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\n        override class func setUp() {\n            super.setUp()\n            \/\/ Uygulaman\u0131n temiz bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 yapmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin, t\u00fcm verileri silin)\n            XCUIApplication().launchArguments = [\"--reset-data\"]\n            XCUIApplication().launch()\n        }\n\n        \/\/ Her testten sonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\n        override func tearDown() {\n            \/\/ Test sonras\u0131 UI temizli\u011fi veya uygulaman\u0131n yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131\n            XCUIApplication().terminate()\n            super.tearDown()\n        }\n\n        func testSomeFeatureInteraction() {\n            \/\/ Test ad\u0131mlar\u0131\n        }\n    }\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/code>
    \n2.  Test Kapsam\u0131n\u0131 Daraltma<\/strong>:
    \n    *   Mod\u00fcler Test Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/strong>: Testlerinizi k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z birimlere ay\u0131r\u0131n. B\u00fcy\u00fck, \u00e7ok ad\u0131ml\u0131 entegrasyon testleri yerine, her bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 test eden daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck testler yaz\u0131n. Bu, hem hata ay\u0131klamay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r hem de test s\u00fcresini azaltabilir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc her bir k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck test daha az kaynak ve zaman gerektirir.
    \n    *   Se\u00e7ici Test \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/strong>: T\u00fcm testleri her zaman \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak yerine, de\u011fi\u015fen kod ile ilgili testleri belirleyip sadece onlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Git commit'lerine veya de\u011fi\u015fen dosyalara g\u00f6re ilgili testleri tetikleyen CI\/CD stratejileri uygulayabilirsiniz.
    \n3.  Optimum Test Ortam\u0131 Ayarlar\u0131<\/strong>:
    \n    *   Fiziksel Cihaz Yerine Sim\u00fclat\u00f6rler<\/strong>: UI testleri i\u00e7in fiziksel cihazlar yerine sim\u00fclat\u00f6rler, genellikle daha h\u0131zl\u0131 kurulum ve daha fazla kontrol imkan\u0131 sunar. Ancak, baz\u0131 \u00f6zel durumlarda (\u00f6rne\u011fin performans testleri) fiziksel cihazlar daha ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i sonu\u00e7lar verebilir. Testlerinizi her iki ortamda da deneyin ve en uygun olan\u0131 se\u00e7in.
    \n    *   Sim\u00fclat\u00f6r Temizli\u011fi<\/strong>: Testlerden \u00f6nce sim\u00fclat\u00f6r durumunu s\u0131f\u0131rlamak, \u00f6nceki testlerin kal\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 temizler ve testlerin kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. xcrun simctl erase <\/code> gibi komutlarla bu i\u015flemi otomasyon betiklerinize ekleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
    \n    # Belirli bir sim\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fc silme komutu\n    xcrun simctl erase all\n    # Veya belirli bir sim\u00fclat\u00f6r i\u00e7in\n    # xcrun simctl erase 'iPhone 15 Pro (17.0)'\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/code>
    \n4.  A\u011f ve Veritaban\u0131 Mock'lama<\/strong>:
    \n    *   D\u0131\u015f ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 (a\u011f istekleri, veritaban\u0131 vb.) ger\u00e7ek servisler yerine mock veya stub objelerle de\u011fi\u015ftirin. Bu, testlerin hem h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r hem de d\u0131\u015f servislerin karars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan etkilenmesini \u00f6nler. \u00d6rne\u011fin, URLSession<\/code>'\u0131 URLProtocol<\/code> ile mock'layarak a\u011f isteklerini kontrol alt\u0131na alabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
    # En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/strong><\/p>\n
    *   Testlerinizi S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131n<\/strong>: Testlerinizi h\u0131zlar\u0131na, ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na ve t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re (\u00fcnite, entegrasyon, UI) s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131n. H\u0131zl\u0131 birim testlerini paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, yava\u015f ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 entegrasyon veya UI testlerini seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. Test Planlar\u0131 bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmay\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r.
    \n*   \u0130zole Test Ortamlar\u0131<\/strong>: Her testin m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca kendi izole ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. setUp()<\/code> ve tearDown()<\/code> metodlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak testler aras\u0131nda veri s\u0131z\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 veya durum \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyin.
    \n*   Erken Geri Bildirim \u0130\u00e7in Kademe Kademe Test Etme<\/strong>: CI\/CD boru hatt\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, en h\u0131zl\u0131 ve en kritik testleri ilk \u00f6nce \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131racak \u015fekilde tasarlay\u0131n. Birim testleri genellikle saniyeler i\u00e7inde biter ve bir hatan\u0131n erken tespit edilmesini sa\u011flar. Daha sonra daha yava\u015f olan seri entegrasyon ve UI testlerini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz.
    \n*   S\u00fcrekli \u0130zleme ve Analiz<\/strong>: Test s\u00fcresi ve kararl\u0131l\u0131k metriklerini s\u00fcrekli olarak izleyin. Test s\u00fcitinizdeki yava\u015flayan veya \"flaky\" hale gelen testleri d\u00fczenli olarak analiz edin ve iyile\u015ftirme f\u0131rsatlar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyin. Xcode'un test raporlama ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf CI\/CD ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n analiz \u00f6zellikleri bu konuda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n
    Seri test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131, test s\u00fcitlerinizin kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131rken, yukar\u0131daki ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve en iyi uygulamalarla bu s\u00fcrenin kabul edilebilir s\u0131n\u0131rlar i\u00e7inde kalmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayabilirsiniz. Nihai hedef, geli\u015ftirme ekibinin test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00fcvenmesini sa\u011flamak ve b\u00f6ylece y\u00fcksek kaliteli yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 daha h\u0131zl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde sunabilmektir.<\/p>\n
    Sonu\u00e7 ve S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n
    Swift ve Xcode ekosisteminde testler, yaz\u0131l\u0131m kalitesini sa\u011flaman\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. Paralel test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n sundu\u011fu h\u0131z avantaj\u0131 cazip olsa da, payla\u015f\u0131lan kaynaklara ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k, UI durum \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve \"flaky\" test sorunlar\u0131 gibi zorluklar, seri test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 baz\u0131 senaryolarda ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz hale getirmektedir. Bu makalede, Swift testlerinizi neden seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekebilece\u011fini, Xcode ve xcodebuild<\/code> arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla nas\u0131l yap\u0131land\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, flaky testlerle ilgili bir vaka analiziyle pratik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri ve son olarak da performans ve en iyi uygulamalarla ilgili ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131ca inceledik.<\/p>\n
    Unutmay\u0131n ki, test stratejisi tek bir do\u011fru cevaba sahip de\u011fildir. Projenizin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, testlerinizin t\u00fcr\u00fc ve ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 gibi fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak en uygun yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 belirlemeniz gerekir. H\u0131zl\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z birim testleri i\u00e7in paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma hala ideal olabilirken, d\u0131\u015f kaynaklara a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 veya kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc ile etkile\u015fimde bulunan testler i\u00e7in seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, g\u00fcvenilir ve tekrarlanabilir sonu\u00e7lar elde etmenin alt\u0131n anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Test planlar\u0131 ve komut sat\u0131r\u0131 ara\u00e7lar\u0131 sayesinde, test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinizi daha gran\u00fcler bir \u015fekilde kontrol edebilir ve CI\/CD boru hatt\u0131n\u0131za sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde entegre edebilirsiniz. Bu sayede, geli\u015ftirme ekibiniz test sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na tam olarak g\u00fcvenebilir, ger\u00e7ek hatalara odaklanabilir ve nihayetinde daha y\u00fcksek kaliteli yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 daha verimli bir \u015fekilde sunabilir.<\/p>\n
    # S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
    S: Seri testler paralel testlerden neden daha yava\u015ft\u0131r?<\/h4>\n
    C: Seri testler, ad\u0131ndan da anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 gibi, testleri birbiri ard\u0131na, tek tek \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Paralel testler ise ayn\u0131 anda birden fazla testi y\u00fcr\u00fcterek toplam test s\u00fcresini k\u0131saltmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Bu nedenle, ayn\u0131 say\u0131da test i\u00e7in seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, genellikle daha uzun s\u00fcrer.<\/p>\n
    S: Hangi t\u00fcr testler genellikle seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r?<\/h4>\n
    C: Genellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki test t\u00fcrleri seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n
      \n
    • UI Testleri (XCUITest):<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131n kullan\u0131c\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc tek bir durum \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan UI testleri genellikle UI durumunu bozar.<\/li>\n
    • Entegrasyon Testleri:<\/strong> Payla\u015f\u0131lan bir veritaban\u0131, dosya sistemi veya a\u011f kayna\u011f\u0131 gibi d\u0131\u015f ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 olan testler.<\/li>\n
    • Durum Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 Testler:<\/strong> Bir testin \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fka bir testin girdisi oldu\u011fu veya testlerin belirli bir s\u0131raya g\u00f6re \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gereken senaryolar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      S: xcodebuild<\/code> komutunda seri \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 nas\u0131l kesin olarak sa\u011flar\u0131m?<\/h4>\n
      C: xcodebuild<\/code> komutunda en kesin yol, Xcode'da \"Execute in parallel\" se\u00e7ene\u011fi devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir test plan\u0131 olu\u015fturmak ve bu plan\u0131 -testPlan \"MySerialTestPlan\"<\/code> arg\u00fcman\u0131yla kullanmakt\u0131r. Alternatif olarak, -parallel-testing-enabled NO -maximum-concurrent-test-device-count 1 -maximum-concurrent-test-simulator-loads 1<\/code> gibi arg\u00fcmanlar\u0131 kullanarak paralel \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a k\u0131s\u0131tlayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
      S: Seri testler i\u00e7in test ortam\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l izole edebilirim?<\/h4>\n
      C: Her testin veya test s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n setUp()<\/code> ve tearDown()<\/code> metodlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak, testten \u00f6nce gerekli \u00f6nko\u015fullar\u0131 olu\u015fturup (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ge\u00e7ici bir veritaban\u0131 veya mock a\u011f katman\u0131) testten sonra bu kaynaklar\u0131 temizleyin. Ayr\u0131ca, UI testleri i\u00e7in her test \u00f6ncesi uygulaman\u0131n temiz bir durumda ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan veya sim\u00fclat\u00f6r\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/p>\n
      S: Seri testler performans\u0131 \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcrse ne yapmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/h4>\n
      C: Test s\u00fcitinizdeki gereksiz testleri temizleyin, setUp\/tearDown<\/code> metotlar\u0131n\u0131 optimize edin ve a\u011f\/veritaban\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 mock'lay\u0131n. Ayr\u0131ca, testlerinizi t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rarak (h\u0131zl\u0131 birim testleri paralel, yava\u015f UI testleri seri) bir hibrid strateji uygulayabilirsiniz. CI\/CD boru hatt\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kademeli test \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in optimize edin, b\u00f6ylece en kritik ve h\u0131zl\u0131 testler ilk \u00f6nce \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
      <\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde testler, kod kalitesini g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alman\u0131n ve olas\u0131 hatalar\u0131 erken a\u015famada tespit etmenin vazge\u00e7ilmez bir…","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-35877","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nTest plan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7in ve "Execute in parallel" onay kutusunu devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Test plan\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7in ve "Execute in parallel" onay 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