{"id":34663,"date":"2025-11-20T10:41:03","date_gmt":"2025-11-20T07:41:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=34663"},"modified":"2025-11-20T10:41:03","modified_gmt":"2025-11-20T07:41:03","slug":"wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"WordPress Multisite’\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

WordPress Multisite’\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi<\/h2>\n

Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehber, WordPress Multisite \u00f6zelli\u011fini Ubuntu 14.04 i\u015fletim sistemine sahip bir sunucu \u00fczerinde Nginx web sunucusu ile nas\u0131l kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m anlatmaktad\u0131r. WordPress Multisite, tek bir WordPress kurulumuyla birden fazla web sitesini y\u00f6netmenize olanak tan\u0131rken, Nginx y\u00fcksek performans ve kaynak verimlili\u011fi sunar. Ubuntu 14.04, kararl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenilir bir platform olarak bu yap\u0131land\u0131rma i\u00e7in sa\u011flam bir temel sa\u011flar. Her ne kadar Ubuntu’nun daha yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri mevcut olsa da, bu rehber spesifik olarak 14.04 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc hedeflemektedir.<\/p>\n

Multisite kurulumu, \u00f6zellikle Nginx gibi Apache’den farkl\u0131 bir yap\u0131ya sahip bir web sunucusuyla birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde baz\u0131 \u00f6zel ad\u0131mlar gerektirir. Bu rehberde, gerekli \u00f6n gereksinimlerin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131ndan, WordPress’in kurulmas\u0131na, Multisite \u00f6zelli\u011finin etkinle\u015ftirilmesine ve Nginx’in bu yap\u0131ya uygun \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm s\u00fcreci detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

WordPress Multisite Nedir ve Neden Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h3>\n

WordPress Multisite, WordPress’in \u00e7ekirdek bir \u00f6zelli\u011fidir ve tek bir WordPress kurulumu \u00fczerinden birden fazla web sitesini y\u00f6netmeye olanak tan\u0131r. Bu siteler, ayn\u0131 veritaban\u0131n\u0131 ve WordPress \u00e7ekirdek dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 payla\u015f\u0131r, ancak her birinin kendine ait i\u00e7erikleri, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 ve (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak) temalar\u0131\/eklentileri olabilir.<\/p>\n

Multisite’\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca avantajlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Merkezi Y\u00f6netim:<\/strong> T\u00fcm siteler i\u00e7in tek bir y\u00f6netici paneli bulunur. Temalar ve eklentiler a\u011f genelinde etkinle\u015ftirilebilir veya bireysel sitelere \u00f6zel olarak ayarlanabilir.
\n* Kaynak Verimlili\u011fi:<\/strong> Tek bir WordPress kurulumu, tek bir veritaban\u0131 ve tek bir dosya sistemi kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, sunucu kaynaklar\u0131 daha verimli kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n* Kolay G\u00fcncelleme:<\/strong> WordPress \u00e7ekirde\u011fi, temalar ve eklentiler i\u00e7in tek bir g\u00fcncelleme i\u015flemi, t\u00fcm a\u011fdaki siteleri g\u00fcnceller.
\n* \u00d6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik:<\/strong> Yeni siteler olu\u015fturmak h\u0131zl\u0131 ve kolayd\u0131r. Bir blog a\u011f\u0131, \u015firket i\u00e7i departman siteleri veya m\u00fc\u015fteri siteleri i\u00e7in idealdir.
\n* Y\u00f6netim Kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6netimi, yedeklemeler ve g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri a\u011f genelinde uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n

Multisite, genellikle iki farkl\u0131 modda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: Alt Alan Ad\u0131 (Subdomain)<\/strong> ve Alt Dizin (Subdirectory)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

* Alt Alan Ad\u0131 (Subdomain):<\/strong> Her site kendi alt alan ad\u0131na sahiptir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, site1.example.com<\/code>, site2.example.com<\/code>). Bu, genellikle daha b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011flar ve farkl\u0131 markalar i\u00e7in tercih edilir. DNS taraf\u0131nda wildcard (joker karakter) kayd\u0131 gerektirir.
\n* Alt Dizin (Subdirectory):<\/strong> Her site ana sitenin bir alt dizini olarak yer al\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin, example.com\/site1<\/code>, example.com\/site2<\/code>). Bu, daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck a\u011flar veya bloglar i\u00e7in uygundur ve ek DNS yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 gerektirmez.<\/p>\n

Bu rehberde her iki yap\u0131land\u0131rma i\u00e7in de Nginx taraf\u0131ndaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 Se\u00e7imi<\/h3>\n

Nginx (Engine-X):<\/strong> Nginx, y\u00fcksek performansl\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir web sunucusu ve ters proxy sunucusudur. Apache HTTP Sunucusu’na k\u0131yasla daha az bellek t\u00fcketimi ve daha iyi e\u015fzamanl\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 i\u015fleme yetene\u011fi ile bilinir. \u00d6zellikle y\u00fcksek trafikli web siteleri i\u00e7in tercih edilir. Nginx, statik i\u00e7erik sunmada olduk\u00e7a h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r ve PHP gibi dinamik i\u00e7erikleri i\u015flemek i\u00e7in PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Neden Nginx?<\/strong><\/p>\n

* Performans:<\/strong> \u00d6zellikle statik i\u00e7erik sunumunda ve y\u00fcksek e\u015fzamanl\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 y\u00fckleri alt\u0131nda \u00fcst\u00fcn performans.
\n* Kaynak Verimlili\u011fi:<\/strong> Apache’ye k\u0131yasla daha az bellek ve CPU kullan\u0131r.
\n* \u00d6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik:<\/strong> Y\u00fcksek trafikli siteler ve uygulamalar i\u00e7in idealdir.
\n* Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Esnekli\u011fi:<\/strong> Ters proxy, y\u00fck dengeleme ve \u00f6nbellekleme gibi geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00f6zellikler sunar.<\/p>\n

Ubuntu 14.04 (Trusty Tahr):<\/strong> Ubuntu 14.04, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f bir LTS (Uzun S\u00fcreli Destek) s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Her ne kadar g\u00fcncel bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm olmasa da, belirli projeler veya eski sistemlerle uyumluluk gerektiren durumlar i\u00e7in hala kullan\u0131labilir veya tercih edilebilir. Bu rehber, \u00f6zellikle bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn gereksinimlerini ve paketlerini dikkate alarak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6nemli Not:<\/strong> Ubuntu 14.04’\u00fcn resmi deste\u011fi sona ermi\u015ftir. G\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcretim ortamlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilmez. Ancak, bu rehber talep \u00fczerine spesifik olarak bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yeni projeler i\u00e7in daha g\u00fcncel Ubuntu LTS s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri (\u00f6rne\u011fin 18.04, 20.04, 22.04) kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Gereksinimler<\/h3>\n

Kuruluma ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6n gereksinimlerin kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun:<\/p>\n

* Ubuntu 14.04 Sunucusu:<\/strong> \u0130nternete ba\u011fl\u0131, temiz bir Ubuntu 14.04 sunucusu (VPS veya fiziksel).
\n* K\u00f6k (root) veya Sudo Yetkileri:<\/strong> Sunucuda komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in k\u00f6k eri\u015fimi veya sudo yetkisine sahip bir kullan\u0131c\u0131.
\n* Alan Ad\u0131 (Domain Name):<\/strong> WordPress Multisite kurulumu i\u00e7in bir alan ad\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacak (\u00f6rne\u011fin, ornekalanadi.com<\/code>).
\n DNS Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/strong> Alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n A kayd\u0131n\u0131n sunucunuzun IP adresini i\u015faret etti\u011finden emin olun. Alt alan ad\u0131 tabanl\u0131 bir Multisite kuracaksan\u0131z, <\/em>.ornekalanadi.com<\/code> i\u00e7in de sunucunuzun IP adresini i\u015faret eden bir A kayd\u0131 veya CNAME kayd\u0131 olu\u015fturman\u0131z gerekecektir.
\n* SSH Eri\u015fimi:<\/strong> Sunucuya SSH \u00fczerinden ba\u011flanabilmeniz gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n

Sunucuya SSH ile ba\u011flan\u0131n:<\/p>\n

ssh kullanici_adi@sunucu_ip_adresi<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ard\u0131ndan, paket listelerinizi g\u00fcncelleyerek ba\u015flay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get upgrade -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Gerekli Paketlerin Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
WordPress’i Nginx \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Nginx, MySQL (veritaban\u0131) ve PHP-FPM (PHP i\u015flemcisi) paketlerine ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var.<\/p>\n
Nginx Kurulumu:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo apt-get install nginx -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra Nginx’in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo service nginx status<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131da nginx is running<\/code> gibi bir ifade g\u00f6rmelisiniz. Web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan sunucunuzun IP adresine giderek Nginx’in varsay\u0131lan ho\u015f geldiniz sayfas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n
MySQL Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\nWordPress verilerini depolamak i\u00e7in bir veritaban\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. MySQL’i kural\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulum s\u0131ras\u0131nda MySQL root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in bir \u015fifre belirlemeniz istenecektir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre se\u00e7ti\u011finizden emin olun.
\nKurulumdan sonra MySQL kurulumunu g\u00fcvenli hale getirmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo mysql_secure_installation<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, root \u015fifresini ayarlaman\u0131za, anonim kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kald\u0131rman\u0131za, uzaktan root giri\u015fini devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakman\u0131za ve test veritaban\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131rman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Genellikle t\u00fcm sorulara Y<\/code> (Yes) ile yan\u0131t vermek iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
PHP-FPM ve Gerekli PHP Uzant\u0131lar\u0131 Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\nWordPress PHP ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, bu y\u00fczden PHP’ye ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. Nginx ile PHP’yi kullanmak i\u00e7in PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager) kullan\u0131r\u0131z. Ubuntu 14.04’te varsay\u0131lan PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc PHP 5.x olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get install php5-fpm php5-mysql php5-cli php5-gd php5-curl php5-intl php5-mcrypt php5-json -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, PHP-FPM’i ve WordPress’in ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu yayg\u0131n PHP uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kuracakt\u0131r. php5-mysql<\/code> veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131, php5-gd<\/code> resim i\u015fleme, php5-curl<\/code> harici ba\u011flant\u0131lar i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n
PHP-FPM’in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo service php5-fpm status<\/code><\/pre>\n
php5-fpm is running<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
PHP-FPM Ayarlar\u0131 (\u0130ste\u011fe Ba\u011fl\u0131 ama \u00d6nemli):<\/strong>
\nPerformans ve g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in baz\u0131 PHP-FPM ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek faydal\u0131 olabilir.
\nPHP-FPM yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/php5\/fpm\/php.ini<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131rlar\u0131 bulun ve de\u011ferlerini g\u00fcncelleyin (e\u011fer farkl\u0131ysa):
\n*   cgi.fix_pathinfo=0<\/code>: Bu ayar g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir. E\u011fer 1<\/code> olarak ayarlanm\u0131\u015fsa, Nginx’in bulunmayan dosyalar\u0131 PHP yorumlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6ndermesine neden olabilir. 0<\/code> olarak ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.
\n*   upload_max_filesize = 64M<\/code>: Y\u00fckleyebilece\u011finiz maksimum dosya boyutunu belirler. \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re ayarlay\u0131n.
\n*   post_max_size = 64M<\/code>: HTTP POST iste\u011fiyle g\u00f6nderilebilecek maksimum veri boyutunu belirler.
\n*   memory_limit = 256M<\/code>: Bir PHP beti\u011finin kullanabilece\u011fi maksimum bellek miktar\u0131n\u0131 belirler.<\/p>\n
De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydettikten sonra PHP-FPM servisini yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo service php5-fpm restart<\/code><\/pre>\n
MySQL Veritaban\u0131 ve Kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 Olu\u015fturma<\/h3>\n
WordPress i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir veritaban\u0131 ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015fturmak iyi bir g\u00fcvenlik prati\u011fidir.
\nMySQL konsoluna root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak giri\u015f yap\u0131n:<\/p>\n
mysql -u root -p<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u015eifrenizi girin. Ard\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki SQL komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
CREATE DATABASE wordpress_multisite;\nCREATE USER 'wpuser'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'guclu_sifreniz';\nGRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON wordpress_multisite.* TO 'wpuser'@'localhost';\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\nEXIT;<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   wordpress_multisite<\/code>: Veritaban\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011finiz gibi de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz.
\n*   wpuser<\/code>: Veritaban\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011finiz gibi de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz.
\n*   guclu_sifreniz<\/code>: Mutlaka g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve benzersiz bir \u015fifre ile de\u011fi\u015ftirin!<\/strong><\/p>\n
WordPress Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
\u015eimdi WordPress dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 sunucumuza indirelim ve yap\u0131land\u0131ral\u0131m.
\nWeb sitenizin dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir dizin olu\u015fturun. Genellikle \/var\/www\/<\/code> alt\u0131na alan ad\u0131n\u0131zla ayn\u0131 isme sahip bir dizin olu\u015fturmak iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
sudo mkdir -p \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com\ncd \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com<\/code><\/pre>\n
WordPress’in en son s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirin ve a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo wget https:\/\/wordpress.org\/latest.tar.gz\nsudo tar -xzvf latest.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut wordpress<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir dizin olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fini do\u011frudan ornekalanadi.com<\/code> dizinine ta\u015f\u0131yal\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo mv wordpress\/* .\nsudo rm -rf wordpress latest.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u015eimdi dizin izinlerini ayarlayal\u0131m. Nginx ve PHP-FPM’in dosyalara yazma iznine sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir. www-data<\/code> genellikle Nginx ve PHP-FPM’in \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve gruptur.<\/p>\n
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com\nsudo find \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;\nsudo find \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, dizinler i\u00e7in 755 ve dosyalar i\u00e7in 644 izinlerini ayarlar ve t\u00fcm dosyalar\u0131n sahipli\u011fini www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ve grubuna verir.<\/p>\n
wp-config.php<\/code> Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131rma:<\/strong>
\nWordPress’in temel yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 wp-config.php<\/code>‘yi olu\u015ftural\u0131m.<\/p>\n
sudo mv wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php\nsudo nano wp-config.php<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131rlar\u0131 bulun ve daha \u00f6nce olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz veritaban\u0131 bilgileriyle g\u00fcncelleyin:<\/p>\n
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress_multisite');\ndefine('DB_USER', 'wpuser');\ndefine('DB_PASSWORD', 'guclu_sifreniz');<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ayr\u0131ca, WordPress g\u00fcvenlik anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131 (AUTH_KEY, SECURE_AUTH_KEY vb.) g\u00fcncelleyin. Bunlar\u0131 https:\/\/api.wordpress.org\/secret-key\/1.1\/salt\/ adresinden alabilir ve wp-config.php<\/code> dosyan\u0131zdaki ilgili sat\u0131rlarla de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz. Bu, sitenizin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Taray\u0131c\u0131dan \u0130lk WordPress Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\nwp-config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 kaydettikten sonra, Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 yapmadan taray\u0131c\u0131dan ilk WordPress kurulumunu tamamlayamay\u0131z. Bu ad\u0131m\u0131 Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131ndan sonra yapaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Nginx Konfig\u00fcrasyonu<\/h3>\n
Nginx, WordPress Multisite’\u0131 do\u011fru \u015fekilde y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma gerektirir.<\/p>\n
Temel Nginx Sanal Host Ayarlar\u0131:<\/strong>
\nWordPress siteniz i\u00e7in yeni bir Nginx sanal host (server block) dosyas\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/ornekalanadi.com<\/code><\/pre>\n
Dosyan\u0131n i\u00e7ine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u00e7eri\u011fi ekleyin. Bu yap\u0131land\u0131rma hem HTTP hem de HTTPS (Let’s Encrypt ile sonra eklenecek) i\u00e7in bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eimdilik sadece HTTP k\u0131sm\u0131na odaklanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
server {\n    listen 80;\n    server_name ornekalanadi.com www.ornekalanadi.com; # Alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 buraya ekleyin\n    root \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com; # WordPress dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n yolu\n\n    index index.php index.html index.htm;\n\n    # Gzip s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 etkinle\u015ftir (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 ama \u00f6nerilir)\n    gzip on;\n    gzip_vary on;\n    gzip_proxied any;\n    gzip_comp_level 6;\n    gzip_buffers 16 8k;\n    gzip_http_version 1.1;\n    gzip_types text\/plain text\/css application\/json application\/javascript text\/xml application\/xml application\/xml+rss text\/javascript;\n\n    # Statik dosyalar i\u00e7in \u00f6nbellekleme (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 ama \u00f6nerilir)\n    location ~* \\.(js|css|png|jpg|jpeg|gif|ico)$ {\n        expires max;\n        log_not_found off;\n    }\n\n    # WordPress permalinkleri ve Multisite i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan try_files kural\u0131\n    location \/ {\n        try_files $uri $uri\/ \/index.php?$args;\n    }\n\n    # PHP dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 PHP-FPM'e ilet\n    location ~ \\.php$ {\n        # E\u011fer Nginx'in snippets dizini varsa, bunu kullanabiliriz:\n        # include snippets\/fastcgi-php.conf;\n        # Aksi takdirde, manuel olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n:\n        fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\\.php)(\/.+)$;\n        fastcgi_pass unix:\/var\/run\/php5-fpm.sock; # PHP-FPM socket yolu\n        fastcgi_index index.php;\n        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;\n        include fastcgi_params;\n        fastcgi_read_timeout 300; # Uzun s\u00fcreli i\u015flemler i\u00e7in zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rabilirsiniz\n    }\n\n    # .htaccess dosyalar\u0131na eri\u015fimi engelle\n    location ~ \/\\.ht {\n        deny all;\n    }\n\n    # Gizli dosyalar\u0131 engelle\n    location ~ \/\\. {\n        deny all;\n        access_log off;\n        log_not_found off;\n    }\n\n    # WordPress'in baz\u0131 \u00f6zel dizinlerine eri\u015fim k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar\u0131 (iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131)\n    location ~* \/(?:wp-config\\.php|wp-cli\\.yml|readme\\.html|license\\.txt)$ {\n        deny all;\n    }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
Nginx Multisite Konfig\u00fcrasyonu (\u00d6nemli De\u011fi\u015fiklikler):<\/strong><\/p>\n
WordPress Multisite’\u0131 subdomain (alt alan ad\u0131) veya subdirectory (alt dizin) olarak kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131nda baz\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ama \u00f6nemli farkl\u0131l\u0131klar olacakt\u0131r. Ancak, yukar\u0131daki location \/ { try_files $uri $uri\/ \/index.php?$args; }<\/code> kural\u0131 genellikle her iki Multisite tipi i\u00e7in de yeterlidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Nginx’in bulunamayan t\u00fcm istekleri index.php<\/code>‘ye y\u00f6nlendirmesini sa\u011flar ve WordPress kendi y\u00f6nlendirme kurallar\u0131n\u0131 (rewrite rules) i\u015fler.<\/p>\n
Alt Alan Ad\u0131 (Subdomain) Multisite i\u00e7in Ek Ayar:<\/strong>
\nE\u011fer alt alan ad\u0131 tabanl\u0131 bir Multisite kuracaksan\u0131z, Nginx server_name<\/code> direktifine joker karakter (wildcard) alt alan ad\u0131n\u0131 eklemeniz gerekir:<\/p>\n
server_name ornekalanadi.com www.ornekalanadi.com *.ornekalanadi.com;<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu, Nginx’in site1.ornekalanadi.com<\/code>, site2.ornekalanadi.com<\/code> gibi t\u00fcm alt alan adlar\u0131 i\u00e7in istekleri bu server blo\u011funa y\u00f6nlendirmesini sa\u011flar.
\nDNS taraf\u0131nda da *.ornekalanadi.com<\/code> i\u00e7in bir A kayd\u0131 olu\u015fturmay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n!<\/strong><\/p>\n
Alt Dizin (Subdirectory) Multisite i\u00e7in Ek Ayar:<\/strong>
\nAlt dizin tabanl\u0131 Multisite i\u00e7in server_name<\/code> direktifinde joker karaktere gerek yoktur. Temel server_name ornekalanadi.com www.ornekalanadi.com;<\/code> yeterlidir. try_files<\/code> kural\u0131 bu senaryoyu da ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netecektir. WordPress’in a\u011f kurulumu s\u0131ras\u0131nda verece\u011fi .htaccess<\/code> kurallar\u0131n\u0131 Nginx’e \u00e7evirmenize gerek kalmayacakt\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc try_files<\/code> kural\u0131 bu i\u015flevi \u00fcstlenir.<\/p>\n
Nginx Konfig\u00fcrasyonunu Etkinle\u015ftirme:<\/strong>
\nOlu\u015fturdu\u011funuz sanal host dosyas\u0131n\u0131 sites-enabled<\/code> dizinine bir sembolik ba\u011flant\u0131 (symlink) olu\u015fturarak etkinle\u015ftirin:<\/p>\n
sudo ln -s \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/ornekalanadi.com \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/<\/code><\/pre>\n
Varsay\u0131lan Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131n\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmak isteyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo rm \/etc\/nginx\/sites-enabled\/default<\/code><\/pre>\n
Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n s\u00f6zdizimini kontrol edin:<\/p>\n
sudo nginx -t<\/code><\/pre>\n
E\u011fer syntax is ok<\/code> ve test is successful<\/code> mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrseniz, Nginx’i yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo service nginx restart<\/code><\/pre>\n
Taray\u0131c\u0131dan WordPress Kurulumunu Tamamlama:<\/strong>
\n\u015eimdi web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan alan ad\u0131n\u0131za (\u00f6rne\u011fin, http:\/\/ornekalanadi.com<\/code>) gidin. WordPress’in kurulum ekran\u0131 sizi kar\u015f\u0131lamal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n*   “Ba\u015flayal\u0131m!” butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n*   Veritaban\u0131 bilgileri zaten wp-config.php<\/code>‘ye eklenmi\u015f oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in do\u011frudan site ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131, \u015fifreyi ve e-posta adresini girmeniz istenecektir.
\n*   Bu ad\u0131mlar\u0131 tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra WordPress y\u00f6netici paneline giri\u015f yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
WordPress Multisite’\u0131 Etkinle\u015ftirme<\/h3>\n
WordPress’in tek site kurulumunu tamamlad\u0131ktan sonra, Multisite \u00f6zelli\u011fini etkinle\u015ftirmemiz gerekiyor.<\/p>\n
1.  T\u00fcm Eklentileri Devre D\u0131\u015f\u0131 B\u0131rak\u0131n:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netici paneline giri\u015f yap\u0131n ve “Eklentiler” sayfas\u0131na gidin. T\u00fcm etkin eklentileri devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n. Multisite etkinle\u015ftirilirken herhangi bir \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in bu gereklidir.<\/p>\n
2.  wp-config.php<\/code> Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 D\u00fczenleyin:<\/strong> SSH ile sunucunuza ba\u011flan\u0131n ve wp-config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com\/wp-config.php<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Dosyan\u0131n i\u00e7inde \/ That's all, stop editing! Happy blogging. <\/em>\/<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n hemen \u00f6ncesine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n
define('WP_ALLOW_MULTISITE', true);<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Dosyay\u0131 kaydedin ve kapat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
3.  A\u011f Kurulumu Sayfas\u0131na Gidin:<\/strong> WordPress y\u00f6netici paneline geri d\u00f6n\u00fcn ve sayfay\u0131 yenileyin. Sol men\u00fcde “Ara\u00e7lar” alt\u0131nda “A\u011f Kurulumu” (Network Setup) ad\u0131nda yeni bir men\u00fc \u00f6\u011fesi g\u00f6receksiniz. Bu sayfaya t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
4.  A\u011f Kurulum Ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 Yap\u0131n:<\/strong>
\n    *   Adres Tipi Se\u00e7imi:<\/strong> “Alt alan adlar\u0131” (Sub-domains) veya “Alt dizinler” (Sub-directories) se\u00e7eneklerinden birini se\u00e7in.
\n        *   Alt alan adlar\u0131:<\/strong> E\u011fer site1.ornekalanadi.com<\/code> gibi adresler kullanmak istiyorsan\u0131z.
\n        *   Alt dizinler:<\/strong> E\u011fer ornekalanadi.com\/site1<\/code> gibi adresler kullanmak istiyorsan\u0131z.
\n        \u00d6NEML\u0130:<\/strong> E\u011fer mevcut bir WordPress kurulumunuz 1 aydan daha eskiyse, alt dizin se\u00e7ene\u011fi kullan\u0131lamaz. Yeni bir kurulumda her ikisini de se\u00e7ebilirsiniz. E\u011fer alt alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7erseniz, daha \u00f6nce bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi DNS’te wildcard A kayd\u0131 (*.ornekalanadi.com<\/code>) oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n    *   A\u011f Ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131:<\/strong> A\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in bir ba\u015fl\u0131k girin.
\n    *   A\u011f Y\u00f6netici E-postas\u0131:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netici e-posta adresinizi girin.<\/p>\n
    “Kur” (Install) butonuna t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
5.  Verilen Kodlar\u0131 wp-config.php<\/code> ve Nginx’e Ekleyin:<\/strong>
\n    WordPress size iki kod blo\u011fu g\u00f6sterecektir. Biri wp-config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131na, di\u011feri ise .htaccess<\/code> dosyas\u0131na eklemeniz gereken kodlard\u0131r.
\n    wp-config.php<\/code> i\u00e7in olan kodu kopyalay\u0131n.<\/strong> Bu kod, define('WP_ALLOW_MULTISITE', true);<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n hemen alt\u0131na eklenmelidir.
\n    \u00d6rnek wp-config.php<\/code> kod blo\u011fu (kendi de\u011ferlerinizle farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir):<\/p>\n
define('MULTISITE', true);\n    define('SUBDOMAIN_INSTALL', true); \/\/ veya false e\u011fer alt dizin se\u00e7tiyseniz\n    define('DOMAIN_CURRENT_SITE', 'ornekalanadi.com');\n    define('PATH_CURRENT_SITE', '\/');\n    define('SITE_ID_CURRENT_SITE', 1);\n    define('BLOG_ID_CURRENT_SITE', 1);<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu kodlar\u0131 wp-config.php<\/code> dosyan\u0131za ekleyin ve kaydedin.<\/p>\n
    Nginx i\u00e7in .htaccess<\/code> Yerine Kurallar:<\/strong>
\n    WordPress’in verdi\u011fi .htaccess<\/code> kod blo\u011fu Apache i\u00e7indir. Nginx i\u00e7in bu kurallar zaten Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyam\u0131zdaki location \/ { try_files $uri $uri\/ \/index.php?$args; }<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Bu sat\u0131r, WordPress’in permalink ve Multisite y\u00f6nlendirme mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru \u015fekilde i\u015flemesini sa\u011flar. Bu nedenle, Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyan\u0131zda ek bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapman\u0131za gerek yoktur, mevcut yap\u0131land\u0131rma yeterli olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
    \u00d6zetle:<\/strong>
\n    *   wp-config.php<\/code> dosyan\u0131z\u0131 d\u00fczenleyin ve WordPress’in verdi\u011fi Multisite kodlar\u0131n\u0131 ekleyin.
\n    *   Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131zda server_name<\/code> direktifini (alt alan ad\u0131 Multisite i\u00e7in wildcard ekleyerek) g\u00fcncellediyseniz ve try_files<\/code> kural\u0131 do\u011fruysa, ba\u015fka bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapman\u0131za gerek yoktur.
\n    *   Nginx’i yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n: sudo service nginx restart<\/code><\/p>\n
6.  Giri\u015f Yap\u0131n ve Test Edin:<\/strong>
\n    wp-config.php<\/code> ve Nginx ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 yapt\u0131ktan sonra, WordPress size “Giri\u015f Yap” ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 verecektir. Buradan tekrar giri\u015f yap\u0131n. Art\u0131k y\u00f6netici panelinizde “Sitelerim” (My Sites) men\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc ve “A\u011f Y\u00f6neticisi” (Network Admin) se\u00e7eneklerini g\u00f6rmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
    A\u011f Y\u00f6neticisi paneline gidin: “Sitelerim” -> “A\u011f Y\u00f6neticisi” -> “Panel”. Buradan yeni siteler ekleyebilir, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00f6netebilir, temalar\u0131 ve eklentileri a\u011f genelinde etkinle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
    Yeni bir site ekleyerek Multisite kurulumunuzu test edin:
\n    *   A\u011f Y\u00f6neticisi panelinden “Siteler” -> “Yeni Ekle” se\u00e7ene\u011fine gidin.
\n    *   Yeni sitenizin adresini, ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00f6netici e-postas\u0131n\u0131 girin.
\n    *   Siteyi ekledikten sonra, taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan yeni sitenizin adresine (\u00f6rne\u011fin, site1.ornekalanadi.com<\/code> veya ornekalanadi.com\/site1<\/code>) giderek sitenin do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik ve Performans \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Multisite kurulumunuzu daha g\u00fcvenli ve performansl\u0131 hale getirmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ek ad\u0131mlar atabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
1. SSL\/TLS (HTTPS) Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong>
\nWeb siteniz i\u00e7in HTTPS kullanmak hem g\u00fcvenlik hem de SEO a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Let’s Encrypt, \u00fccretsiz SSL sertifikalar\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get install letsencrypt -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Nginx i\u00e7in bir sertifika almak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo letsencrypt certonly --webroot -w \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com -d ornekalanadi.com -d www.ornekalanadi.com<\/code><\/pre>\n
Alt alan ad\u0131 Multisite i\u00e7in joker karakter sertifikas\u0131 almak biraz daha karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r ve DNS do\u011frulama gerektirir.
\nSertifikalar\u0131 ald\u0131ktan sonra Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyan\u0131z\u0131 ( \/etc\/nginx\/sites-available\/ornekalanadi.com<\/code> ) HTTPS i\u00e7in g\u00fcncelleyin. \u00d6rnek:<\/p>\n
server {\n    listen 80;\n    listen [::]:80;\n    server_name ornekalanadi.com www.ornekalanadi.com *.ornekalanadi.com; # Alt alan ad\u0131 Multisite i\u00e7in\n    return 301 https:\/\/$host$request_uri; # T\u00fcm HTTP isteklerini HTTPS'ye y\u00f6nlendir\n}\n\nserver {\n    listen 443 ssl http2;\n    listen [::]:443 ssl http2;\n    server_name ornekalanadi.com www.ornekalanadi.com *.ornekalanadi.com; # Alt alan ad\u0131 Multisite i\u00e7in\n\n    ssl_certificate \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/ornekalanadi.com\/fullchain.pem;\n    ssl_key \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/ornekalanadi.com\/privkey.pem;\n    ssl_trusted_certificate \/etc\/letsencrypt\/live\/ornekalanadi.com\/chain.pem;\n\n    # Di\u011fer SSL ayarlar\u0131 (g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilir)\n    ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m;\n    ssl_session_timeout 1d;\n    ssl_session_tickets off;\n    ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;\n    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;\n    ssl_ciphers 'ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:DHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA256:DHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256';\n    ssl_stapling on;\n    ssl_stapling_verify on;\n    resolver 8.8.8.8 8.8.4.4 valid=300s; # Google DNS\n    resolver_timeout 5s;\n    add_header Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload\";\n    add_header X-Frame-Options DENY;\n    add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;\n    add_header X-XSS-Protection \"1; mode=block\";\n\n    # ... Di\u011fer Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rma sat\u0131rlar\u0131 (root, index, location, php-fpm vb.)\n    root \/var\/www\/ornekalanadi.com;\n    index index.php index.html index.htm;\n    location \/ {\n        try_files $uri $uri\/ \/index.php?$args;\n    }\n    location ~ \\.php$ {\n        fastcgi_pass unix:\/var\/run\/php5-fpm.sock;\n        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;\n        include fastcgi_params;\n    }\n    # ...\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydettikten sonra Nginx’i yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
2. G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 (UFW):<\/strong>
\nSunucunuzu yetkisiz eri\u015fimlerden korumak i\u00e7in bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 kurun ve yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n. Ubuntu’da UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall) kullanmak kolayd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow ssh # SSH eri\u015fimine izin ver\nsudo ufw allow http # HTTP (80) eri\u015fimine izin ver\nsudo ufw allow https # HTTPS (443) eri\u015fimine izin ver\nsudo ufw enable # G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131 etkinle\u015ftir\nsudo ufw status # Durumu kontrol et<\/code><\/pre>\n
3. WordPress G\u00fcvenlik Eklentileri:<\/strong>
\nA\u011f genelinde etkinle\u015ftirebilece\u011finiz Wordfence, Sucuri gibi g\u00fcvenlik eklentileri kullanarak WordPress Multisite’\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
4. Nginx FastCGI \u00d6nbelle\u011fi:<\/strong>
\nNginx, PHP-FPM ile birlikte FastCGI \u00f6nbelle\u011fi kullanarak dinamik i\u00e7eri\u011fi \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alabilir ve performans\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilir. Bu, biraz daha karma\u015f\u0131k bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma gerektirir ve \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf<\/code> veya ayr\u0131 bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda ayarlanabilir.
\n\u00d6rnek (nginx.conf’a ekleyin):<\/p>\n
# Nginx ana yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131na (genellikle \/etc\/nginx\/nginx.conf) ekleyin\nfastcgi_cache_path \/var\/run\/nginx-cache levels=1:2 keys_zone=WORDPRESS:100m inactive=60m;\nfastcgi_cache_key \"$scheme$request_method$host$request_uri\";\nfastcgi_cache_use_stale error timeout invalid_header http_500;\nfastcgi_ignore_headers Cache-Control Expires Set-Cookie;<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ard\u0131ndan site yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131zda (server block) kullan\u0131n:<\/p>\n
location ~ \\.php$ {\n    # ... mevcut fastcgi ayarlar\u0131 ...\n    fastcgi_cache WORDPRESS;\n    fastcgi_cache_valid 200 60m; # Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 yan\u0131tlar\u0131 60 dakika \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\n    fastcgi_cache_bypass $no_cache;\n    fastcgi_no_cache $no_cache;\n    add_header X-FastCGI-Cache $upstream_cache_status;\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek trafikli Multisite kurulumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in performans\u0131 art\u0131rmada \u00e7ok etkilidir.<\/p>\n
5. PHP-FPM Ayarlar\u0131 Optimizasyonu:<\/strong>
\nPHP-FPM havuz ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 (\/etc\/php5\/fpm\/pool.d\/www.conf<\/code>) sunucunuzun kaynaklar\u0131na g\u00f6re optimize edin.
\n*   pm = ondemand<\/code> veya pm = dynamic<\/code>: Dinamik veya iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131 i\u015flem y\u00f6neticisi.
\n*   pm.max_children<\/code>: Olu\u015fturulabilecek maksimum \u00e7ocuk i\u015flem say\u0131s\u0131.
\n*   pm.start_servers<\/code>: Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta olu\u015fturulacak \u00e7ocuk i\u015flem say\u0131s\u0131.
\n*   pm.min_spare_servers<\/code>, pm.max_spare_servers<\/code>: Bo\u015fta bekleyen minimum ve maksimum \u00e7ocuk i\u015flem say\u0131s\u0131.
\nBu de\u011ferleri sunucunuzun RAM miktar\u0131na ve beklenen trafik y\u00fck\u00fcne g\u00f6re ayarlaman\u0131z gerekir. A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 y\u00fcksek de\u011ferler bellek t\u00fckenmesine neden olabilir.<\/p>\n
6. Veritaban\u0131 Optimizasyonu:<\/strong>
\nMySQL veritaban\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak optimize edin. WordPress i\u00e7in WP-Optimize gibi eklentiler veya MySQL’in kendi ara\u00e7lar\u0131 (mysqlcheck<\/code>) kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
Sorun Giderme<\/h3>\n
Kurulum s\u0131ras\u0131nda veya sonras\u0131nda sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fman\u0131z durumunda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
*   Nginx Hata G\u00fcnl\u00fckleri:<\/strong> Nginx hata g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini kontrol edin:<\/p>\n
sudo tail -f \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu g\u00fcnl\u00fckler, Nginx’in istekleri i\u015fleme veya yap\u0131land\u0131rma hatalar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi verir.
\n*   PHP-FPM Hata G\u00fcnl\u00fckleri:<\/strong> PHP-FPM’in kendi hata g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri olabilir. Varsay\u0131lan olarak \/var\/log\/php5-fpm.log<\/code> veya benzer bir yolda bulunabilir.
\n*   WordPress Hata Ay\u0131klama:<\/strong> wp-config.php<\/code> dosyan\u0131zda WP_DEBUG<\/code> modunu etkinle\u015ftirerek WordPress’in hata mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermesini sa\u011flayabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
define('WP_DEBUG', true);\n    define('WP_DEBUG_LOG', true); \/\/ Hatalar\u0131 bir dosyaya kaydet\n    define('WP_DEBUG_DISPLAY', false); \/\/ Hatalar\u0131 ekranda g\u00f6sterme (g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Hata g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri genellikle \/wp-content\/debug.log<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda bulunur.
\n*   \u0130zin Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong> Dosya ve dizin izinlerinin (chown<\/code>, chmod<\/code>) do\u011fru ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n WordPress dizinine ve dosyalar\u0131na okuma\/yazma eri\u015fimi olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n*   DNS Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong> \u00d6zellikle alt alan ad\u0131 Multisite kurulumlar\u0131nda, DNS ayarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n (A kayd\u0131, wildcard A kayd\u0131) do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n*   Taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00d6nbelle\u011fi:<\/strong> Ayarlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdikten sonra taray\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fini temizleyin veya gizli pencere (incognito mode) kullanarak test edin.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
Bu rehber, WordPress Multisite’\u0131 Ubuntu 14.04 \u00fczerinde Nginx ile kurmak i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm ad\u0131mlar\u0131 ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gerekli paketlerin kurulumundan, veritaban\u0131 ve WordPress yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131na, Nginx’in Multisite i\u00e7in optimize edilmesine ve son olarak sistemin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini ve performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmaya y\u00f6nelik ipu\u00e7lar\u0131na kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazeyi kapsad\u0131k.<\/p>\n
WordPress Multisite, birden fazla web sitesini tek bir kurulumdan y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve esnek bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Nginx’in performans\u0131 ve Ubuntu’nun kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile birle\u015fti\u011finde, bu yap\u0131land\u0131rma y\u00fcksek trafikli ve kaynak verimli web \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri i\u00e7in sa\u011flam bir temel sunar. Her ne kadar Ubuntu 14.04’\u00fcn deste\u011fi sona ermi\u015f olsa da, bu rehber spesifik gereksinimleri olan kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in detayl\u0131 bir yol haritas\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kurulum s\u00fcrecinde her ad\u0131m\u0131n dikkatlice takip edilmesi ve \u00f6zellikle Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru yap\u0131lmas\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Herhangi bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, sunucu g\u00fcnl\u00fcklerini ve WordPress hata ay\u0131klama modunu kullanarak sorun giderme ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 izlemek, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bu kurulumla, kendi web a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ba\u015far\u0131yla olu\u015fturabilir ve y\u00f6netebilirsiniz.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"WordPress Multisite’\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi\nBu kapsaml\u0131 rehber, WordPress Multisite \u00f6zelli\u011fini Ubuntu 14.04 i\u015fletim si","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1468],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-34663","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-ubuntu","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nWordPress Multisite'\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"WordPress Multisite'\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"WordPress Multisite'\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehber, WordPress Multisite \u00f6zelli\u011fini Ubuntu 14.04 i\u015fletim si\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-20T07:41:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"22 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"WordPress Multisite’\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-20T07:41:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/\"},\"wordCount\":3258,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Ubuntu\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wordpress-multisitei-nginx-ve-ubuntu-14-04-uzerinde-kurulum-rehberi\/\",\"name\":\"WordPress Multisite'\u0131 Nginx ve Ubuntu 14.04 \u00dczerinde Kurulum Rehberi - 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