{"id":34195,"date":"2025-11-12T14:40:59","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T11:40:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=34195"},"modified":"2025-11-12T14:40:59","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T11:40:59","slug":"centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/","title":{"rendered":"CentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7’ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

CentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7’ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber<\/h2>\n

PHP, web geli\u015ftirme d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir ve s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fmektedir. PHP 7 serisi, \u00f6nceki s\u00fcr\u00fcmlere k\u0131yasla \u00f6nemli performans iyile\u015ftirmeleri, yeni \u00f6zellikler ve daha iyi bellek y\u00f6netimi sunarak web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ve verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. CentOS 7 gibi stabil bir sunucu i\u015fletim sisteminde eski PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini kullanmak, hem g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 hem de performans darbo\u011fazlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan riskler ta\u015f\u0131r. Bu makale, CentOS 7 sunucunuzda PHP 7’ye nas\u0131l g\u00fcvenli ve etkin bir \u015fekilde y\u00fckseltece\u011finizi ad\u0131m ad\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Giri\u015f: Neden PHP 7’ye Y\u00fckseltmelisiniz?<\/h3>\n

PHP 7 serisi (7.0’dan 7.4’e kadar), PHP’nin tarihinde en b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131\u00e7ramalardan birini temsil eder. Bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm, “PHPNG” (Next Generation) projesi kapsam\u0131nda geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f olup, genel olarak PHP 5.x serisine g\u00f6re iki kat\u0131na kadar performans art\u0131\u015f\u0131 sunar. Bu, daha az sunucu kayna\u011f\u0131 kullanarak daha fazla iste\u011fi i\u015fleyebilmeniz anlam\u0131na gelir ki bu da \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek trafikli web siteleri i\u00e7in kritik bir avantajd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Performans\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, PHP 7 bir\u00e7ok yeni dil \u00f6zelli\u011fi de getirmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n

* Skaler Tip Bildirimleri (Scalar Type Declarations):<\/strong> Fonksiyon parametreleri ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f de\u011ferleri i\u00e7in int<\/code>, float<\/code>, string<\/code>, bool<\/code> gibi tipleri belirtebilme.
\n* D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f Tipi Bildirimleri (Return Type Declarations):<\/strong> Fonksiyonlar\u0131n d\u00f6nd\u00fcrece\u011fi de\u011ferin tipini belirtebilme.
\n* Null Birle\u015ftirme Operat\u00f6r\u00fc (Null Coalescing Operator ??<\/code>):<\/strong> Bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin tan\u0131ml\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve null olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmeyi basitle\u015ftirir.
\n* Uzay Gemisi Operat\u00f6r\u00fc (Spaceship Operator <=> <\/code>):<\/strong> \u0130ki de\u011feri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in tek bir operat\u00f6r.
\n* Anonim S\u0131n\u0131flar (Anonymous Classes):<\/strong> Tek kullan\u0131ml\u0131k nesneler olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 do\u011frudan tan\u0131mlayabilme.
\n* Hata \u0130\u015fleme Geli\u015ftirmeleri:<\/strong> Yeni Throwable<\/code> aray\u00fcz\u00fc sayesinde daha tutarl\u0131 hata ve istisna y\u00f6netimi.<\/p>\n

Bu yenilikler, daha modern, okunabilir ve bak\u0131m\u0131 kolay kod yazman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, eski PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri art\u0131k g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri almad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, PHP 7’ye ge\u00e7i\u015f g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da bir zorunluluktur.<\/p>\n

Bu y\u00fckseltme s\u00fcreci, sistem y\u00f6neticileri ve web geli\u015ftiricileri i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, herhangi bir y\u00fckseltme i\u015fleminde oldu\u011fu gibi, yedeklemenin hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmamak gerekir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Ko\u015fullar ve Planlama<\/h3>\n

PHP y\u00fckseltmesi, \u00f6zellikle canl\u0131 bir sunucuda yap\u0131l\u0131yorsa dikkatli planlama gerektirir. Aceleci davranmak, sitenizin veya uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/p>\n

Sistem Gereksinimleri<\/h4>\n

* CentOS 7 \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi:<\/strong> Bu rehber CentOS 7 i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n* Root veya Sudo Yetkileri:<\/strong> Y\u00fckseltme i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in sistem genelinde de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapma yetkisine sahip olman\u0131z gerekir.
\n* \u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Yeni paketleri indirmek i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n

Y\u00fckseltme \u00d6ncesi Kontrol Listesi<\/h4>\n

1. Tam Yedekleme (Olmazsa Olmaz!):<\/strong>
\n * Web Sitesi Dosyalar\u0131:<\/strong> \/var\/www\/html<\/code> veya \u00f6zel web k\u00f6k dizininizdeki t\u00fcm dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yedekleyin.
\n * Veritabanlar\u0131:<\/strong> MySQL\/MariaDB veya PostgreSQL gibi kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z t\u00fcm veritabanlar\u0131n\u0131n yede\u011fini al\u0131n. mysqldump<\/code> veya pg_dump<\/code> komutlar\u0131 bu i\u015f i\u00e7in idealdir.
\n * PHP Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Dosyalar\u0131:<\/strong> Mevcut php.ini<\/code> dosyan\u0131z\u0131n ve di\u011fer PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin \/etc\/php-fpm.d\/www.conf<\/code>) bir kopyas\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131n.
\n * Web Sunucusu Yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131:<\/strong> Apache (httpd.conf<\/code>, vhosts<\/code>) veya Nginx (nginx.conf<\/code>, sites-enabled<\/code>) yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yedekleyin.<\/p>\n

2. Mevcut PHP S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Belirleme:<\/strong>
\n * Sunucunuzda y\u00fckl\u00fc olan PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol edin:<\/p>\n

php -v<\/code><\/pre>\n
    *   Ayr\u0131ca, y\u00fckl\u00fc PHP mod\u00fcllerini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
php -m<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.  Uygulama Uyumlulu\u011funu Kontrol Etme:<\/strong>
\n    *   Sunucunuzda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan t\u00fcm PHP tabanl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 (WordPress, Joomla, Drupal, Laravel, \u00f6zel uygulamalar vb.) listeleyin.
\n       Her uygulaman\u0131n PHP 7 ile uyumlu oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Genellikle, pop\u00fcler CMS’ler ve framework’ler PHP 7 ile uyumludur, ancak eski veya \u00f6zel yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f uygulamalar uyumluluk sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fayabilir. Uygulamalar\u0131n resmi belgelerini kontrol edin veya geli\u015ftiricileriyle ileti\u015fime ge\u00e7in. \u00d6zellikle PHP 5.x’ten 7.x’e ge\u00e7i\u015fte mysql_<\/em><\/code> fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve kat\u0131 tip denetimleri gibi \u00f6nemli de\u011fi\u015fiklikler eski kodlar\u0131 bozabilir.<\/p>\n
4.  PHP Uzant\u0131lar\u0131 ve Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm PHP uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 not al\u0131n. Y\u00fckseltme sonras\u0131 bu uzant\u0131lar\u0131n PHP 7 i\u00e7in de kurulmas\u0131 gerekecektir. php -m<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bir yere kaydedin.<\/p>\n
5.  php.ini<\/code> \u00d6zelle\u015ftirmeleri:<\/strong>
\n    *   Mevcut php.ini<\/code> dosyan\u0131zda yap\u0131lan t\u00fcm \u00f6zel ayarlar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin memory_limit<\/code>, upload_max_filesize<\/code>, date.timezone<\/code> vb.) bir kenara not al\u0131n. Y\u00fckseltme sonras\u0131 bu ayarlar\u0131 yeni php.ini<\/code> dosyas\u0131na uygulaman\u0131z gerekecek.<\/p>\n
6.  Y\u00fckseltme Y\u00f6ntemini Belirleme:<\/strong>
\n    *   Yerinde Y\u00fckseltme (In-place Upgrade):<\/strong> Mevcut PHP paketlerini kald\u0131r\u0131p yerine PHP 7 paketlerini kurmak. Bu, genellikle daha basittir ancak bir sorun \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131 durumunda geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc daha zor olabilir.
\n    *   Paralel Kurulum (Parallel Installation):<\/strong> PHP 7’yi mevcut PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne dokunmadan ayr\u0131 bir konumda kurup, daha sonra web sunucusunu yeni PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kullanacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131rmak. Bu y\u00f6ntem daha g\u00fcvenli olabilir ancak yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 biraz daha karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r. Bu rehber yerinde y\u00fckseltme y\u00f6ntemine odaklanacakt\u0131r, ancak dikkatli ad\u0131mlar ve yedeklemelerle g\u00fcvenli hale getirilecektir.<\/p>\n
7.  PHP 7 S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Se\u00e7me:<\/strong>
\n    *   PHP 7 serisi 7.0, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3 ve 7.4’ten olu\u015fur. Her s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn kendi ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc vard\u0131r. Genellikle, en son kararl\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc (bu makalenin yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde PHP 7.4 son 7.x s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcyd\u00fc) se\u00e7mek en iyisidir, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc daha fazla \u00f6zellik, performans ve g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemesi sunar. Ancak uygulama uyumlulu\u011fu da \u00f6nemlidir. REMI deposu genellikle t\u00fcm bu s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri sunar.<\/p>\n
Sisteminizi Haz\u0131rlama<\/h3>\n
Y\u00fckseltme i\u015flemine ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce sisteminizin g\u00fcncel oldu\u011fundan ve gerekli depolar\u0131n etkinle\u015ftirildi\u011finden emin olmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Sistemi G\u00fcncelleme<\/h4>\n
T\u00fcm sistem paketlerini en son s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine g\u00fcncelleyerek olas\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo yum update -y\nsudo yum upgrade -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu i\u015flem biraz zaman alabilir. G\u00fcncelleme tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, \u00e7ekirdek g\u00fcncellemeleri yap\u0131ld\u0131ysa sunucuyu yeniden ba\u015flatman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir:<\/p>\n
sudo reboot<\/code><\/pre>\n
EPEL ve REMI Depolar\u0131n\u0131 Kurma<\/h4>\n
CentOS’un varsay\u0131lan depolar\u0131 genellikle en son PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini i\u00e7ermez. PHP 7’yi kurmak i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf bir depoya ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var. REMI deposu, CentOS i\u00e7in en g\u00fcncel ve g\u00fcvenilir PHP paketlerini sunar. REMI deposu genellikle EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) deposuna ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131d\u0131r, bu y\u00fczden \u00f6nce onu kurmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n
1.  EPEL deposunu kurun:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo yum install epel-release -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.  REMI deposunu kurun:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo yum install http:\/\/rpms.remirepo.net\/enterprise\/remi-release-7.rpm -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu depolar\u0131 kurduktan sonra, yum<\/code> paket y\u00f6neticisi art\u0131k PHP’nin farkl\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini ve uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 REMI deposundan listeleyebilir ve y\u00fckleyebilir.<\/p>\n
Mevcut PHP Kurulumunu Devre D\u0131\u015f\u0131 B\u0131rakma\/Kald\u0131rma<\/h4>\n
Bu ad\u0131m, mevcut PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn nas\u0131l kuruldu\u011funa ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015febilir. E\u011fer PHP, CentOS’un varsay\u0131lan depolar\u0131ndan kurulduysa, REMI deposundan yeni bir PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kurarken \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in eski s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmak veya kald\u0131rmak en iyisidir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6nemli Uyar\u0131:<\/strong> sudo yum remove php*<\/code> komutu, PHP ile birlikte ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olan baz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 da kald\u0131rabilir. Bu y\u00fczden bu komutu dikkatli kullan\u0131n ve \u00f6ncesinde iyi bir yedeklemeye sahip oldu\u011funuzdan emin olun. Daha g\u00fcvenli bir yakla\u015f\u0131m, REMI deposunu etkinle\u015ftirirken varsay\u0131lan PHP mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
CentOS 7’de yum module<\/code> komutu genellikle CentOS 8’deki kadar yayg\u0131n de\u011fildir. Ancak, PHP’yi REMI’den kurarken, REMI’nin PHP mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirmek, di\u011fer PHP mod\u00fcllerini (varsay\u0131lan) otomatik olarak devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakabilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6nce mevcut PHP mod\u00fcllerini listeleyelim ve etkin olanlar\u0131 kontrol edelim:<\/p>\n
sudo yum module list php<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, hangi PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerinin mevcut oldu\u011funu ve hangisinin etkinle\u015ftirildi\u011fini g\u00f6sterecektir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, php:7.2<\/code> gibi bir \u015fey g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
E\u011fer daha \u00f6nce PHP’yi do\u011frudan yum install php<\/code> ile kurduysan\u0131z ve REMI’den yeni bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm etkinle\u015ftirecekseniz, genellikle eski s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerle \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fma ya\u015fanmaz. Ancak, temiz bir kurulum i\u00e7in eski PHP paketlerini kald\u0131rmak isteyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo yum remove php php-cli php-fpm php-common -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, sistemin kald\u0131rmak istedi\u011fi ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 dikkatlice inceleyin. E\u011fer WordPress gibi uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z bu kald\u0131rma i\u015flemiyle birlikte gidecek gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyorsa, i\u015flemi iptal edip daha dikkatli bir yol izlemelisiniz. Genellikle, REMI’den yeni PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kurarken eski paketler \u00fczerine yaz\u0131l\u0131r veya do\u011fru \u015fekilde y\u00f6netilir.<\/p>\n
Alternatif olarak, sadece eski PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 temizleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo rm -rf \/etc\/php.d\/ \/etc\/php.ini \/etc\/php-fpm.d\/<\/em><\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutu da dikkatli kullan\u0131n ve \u00f6ncesinde yedekleme yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.<\/strong><\/p>\n
PHP 7 Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Art\u0131k sistemimiz haz\u0131r oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, PHP 7’yi kurmaya ba\u015flayabiliriz.<\/p>\n
Belirli Bir PHP 7 S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Se\u00e7me ve Etkinle\u015ftirme<\/h4>\n
REMI deposu, PHP’nin birden fazla s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sunar. Kurmak istedi\u011finiz PHP 7 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc (\u00f6rne\u011fin PHP 7.4) etkinle\u015ftirmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
\u00d6nce REMI deposunda hangi PHP mod\u00fcllerinin mevcut oldu\u011funu listeleyelim:<\/p>\n
sudo yum module list php<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle bir \u015feye benzeyebilir:<\/p>\n
remi-7.2 [d]\nremi-7.3\nremi-7.4<\/code><\/pre>\n
[d]<\/code> ile i\u015faretli olan, varsay\u0131lan olarak etkinle\u015ftirilmi\u015f olan mod\u00fcld\u00fcr. E\u011fer ba\u015fka bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm kurmak istiyorsan\u0131z, \u00f6nce mevcut etkin mod\u00fcl\u00fc s\u0131f\u0131rlaman\u0131z ve ard\u0131ndan istedi\u011finiz s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirmeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, PHP 7.4’\u00fc kurmak i\u00e7in:
\n1.  PHP mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc s\u0131f\u0131rlay\u0131n (varsa):<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo yum module reset php -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.  PHP 7.4 mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirin:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo yum module enable php:remi-7.4 -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komut, php<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc REMI deposundaki 7.4 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne i\u015faret edecek \u015fekilde ayarlar.<\/p>\n
PHP 7 ve Temel Uzant\u0131lar\u0131 Kurma<\/h4>\n
Mod\u00fcl\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirdikten sonra, PHP 7’yi ve web uygulamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan uzant\u0131lar\u0131 kurabiliriz.<\/p>\n
sudo yum install php php-cli php-fpm php-mysqlnd php-gd php-opcache php-xml php-mbstring php-json php-zip -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutta kurulan temel uzant\u0131lar ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131:
\n*   php<\/code>:<\/strong> PHP’nin \u00e7ekirdek paketi.
\n*   php-cli<\/code>:<\/strong> Komut sat\u0131r\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc i\u00e7in PHP (\u00f6rne\u011fin php -v<\/code> komutu i\u00e7in).
\n*   php-fpm<\/code>:<\/strong> FastCGI Process Manager; Nginx veya Apache ile PHP uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gereklidir.
\n*   php-mysqlnd<\/code>:<\/strong> MySQL\/MariaDB veritabanlar\u0131na ba\u011flanmak i\u00e7in gerekli yerel s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc. mysql<\/code> uzant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n modern ve performansl\u0131 alternatifidir.
\n*   php-gd<\/code>:<\/strong> G\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc i\u015fleme fonksiyonlar\u0131 i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, resim boyutland\u0131rma, watermark ekleme).
\n*   php-opcache<\/code>:<\/strong> PHP kodunu \u00f6nbelle\u011fe alarak performans\u0131 art\u0131ran bir uzant\u0131. Genellikle \u015fiddetle \u00f6nerilir.
\n*   php-xml<\/code>:<\/strong> XML verilerini i\u015flemek i\u00e7in.
\n*   php-mbstring<\/code>:<\/strong> \u00c7ok baytl\u0131 dizeleri (multi-byte strings) i\u015flemek i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e karakterler).
\n*   php-json<\/code>:<\/strong> JSON verilerini i\u015flemek i\u00e7in.
\n*   php-zip<\/code>:<\/strong> Zip dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 okuma ve yazma yetene\u011fi i\u00e7in.<\/p>\n
Ek PHP Uzant\u0131lar\u0131 Kurma<\/h4>\n
Uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu di\u011fer uzant\u0131lar\u0131 da kurman\u0131z gerekebilir. \u00d6nceden kaydetti\u011finiz php -m<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131na bakarak eksik uzant\u0131lar\u0131 belirleyin.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, php-pear<\/code>, php-devel<\/code>, php-intl<\/code>, php-soap<\/code>, php-ldap<\/code> gibi uzant\u0131lar\u0131 kurmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo yum install php-pear php-devel php-intl php-soap php-ldap -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Mevcut t\u00fcm PHP uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 aramak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo yum search php-<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, REMI deposundaki t\u00fcm php-<\/code> ile ba\u015flayan paketleri listeleyecektir. \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131z olanlar\u0131 bu listeden se\u00e7ip kurabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
PHP 7’yi Yap\u0131land\u0131rma<\/h3>\n
PHP 7’yi kurduktan sonra, onu web sunucunuzla (Apache veya Nginx) d\u00fczg\u00fcn bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z gerekir. Bu genellikle PHP-FPM’yi etkinle\u015ftirmeyi ve php.ini<\/code> ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeyi i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n
PHP-FPM Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
PHP-FPM (FastCGI Process Manager), PHP’yi web sunucusundan ayr\u0131 bir i\u015flem olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n en yayg\u0131n ve performansl\u0131 yoludur.<\/p>\n
1.  PHP-FPM servisini ba\u015flat\u0131n ve sistem ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda otomatik ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in etkinle\u015ftirin:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl start php-fpm\n    sudo systemctl enable php-fpm<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.  PHP-FPM servisinin durumunu kontrol edin:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl status php-fpm<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Durum active (running)<\/code> olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnmelidir.<\/p>\n
3.  PHP-FPM yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyin:<\/strong>
\n    *   Ana yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131: \/etc\/php-fpm.conf<\/code>
\n    *   Havuz (pool) yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131: \/etc\/php-fpm.d\/www.conf<\/code> (varsay\u0131lan)<\/p>\n
    www.conf<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda dikkat etmeniz gereken baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli ayarlar:
\n    *   user<\/code> ve group<\/code>: PHP-FPM i\u015flemlerinin hangi kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve grup alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler. Genellikle Apache i\u00e7in apache<\/code>, Nginx i\u00e7in nginx<\/code> olarak ayarlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
user = apache\n        group = apache<\/code><\/pre>\n
    *   listen<\/code>: PHP-FPM’nin web sunucusundan gelen istekleri dinleyece\u011fi adres ve port veya Unix soketidir. Unix soketleri genellikle daha performansl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
listen = \/run\/php-fpm\/www.sock<\/code><\/pre>\n
        veya TCP\/IP i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
listen = 127.0.0.1:9000<\/code><\/pre>\n
        Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z web sunucusunun yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131na uygun olan\u0131 se\u00e7melisiniz. Varsay\u0131lan olarak Unix soketi tercih edilir.<\/p>\n
php.ini<\/code> Ayarlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
PHP’nin genel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma zaman\u0131 ayarlar\u0131 php.ini<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda bulunur. PHP-FPM kullan\u0131rken, CLI i\u00e7in \/etc\/php.ini<\/code> ve FPM i\u00e7in \/etc\/php-fpm.d\/www.conf<\/code> i\u00e7inde veya \/etc\/php.d\/*.ini<\/code> dosyalar\u0131nda ek ayarlar bulabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli php.ini<\/code> ayarlar\u0131 ve \u00f6nerilen de\u011ferler:
\n*   memory_limit<\/code>:<\/strong> PHP script’lerinin kullanabilece\u011fi maksimum bellek miktar\u0131. Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re art\u0131r\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin, WordPress i\u00e7in 256M veya 512M).<\/p>\n
memory_limit = 256M<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   upload_max_filesize<\/code>:<\/strong> HTTP POST y\u00f6ntemiyle y\u00fcklenebilecek maksimum dosya boyutu.
\n*   post_max_size<\/code>:<\/strong> HTTP POST verilerinin maksimum boyutu. Genellikle upload_max_filesize<\/code> de\u011ferinden b\u00fcy\u00fck veya e\u015fit olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
upload_max_filesize = 64M\n    post_max_size = 64M<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   max_execution_time<\/code>:<\/strong> Bir script’in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na izin verilen maksimum s\u00fcre (saniye cinsinden). Uzun s\u00fcren i\u015flemler i\u00e7in art\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
max_execution_time = 300<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   date.timezone<\/code>:<\/strong> Sunucunuzun saat dilimini ayarlay\u0131n. Bu ayar, tarih ve saat fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n
date.timezone = Europe\/Istanbul<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Ge\u00e7erli saat dilimlerinin listesini PHP belgelerinden bulabilirsiniz.
\n*   display_errors<\/code>:<\/strong> Hatalar\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131da g\u00f6sterilip g\u00f6sterilmeyece\u011fini belirler. Geli\u015ftirme ortam\u0131nda On<\/code>, \u00fcretim ortam\u0131nda Off<\/code> olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
display_errors = Off<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   log_errors<\/code>:<\/strong> Hatalar\u0131n log dosyas\u0131na yaz\u0131l\u0131p yaz\u0131lmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirler. \u00dcretim ortam\u0131nda On<\/code> olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
log_errors = On<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   error_log<\/code>:<\/strong> Hata log dosyas\u0131n\u0131n yolu.<\/p>\n
error_log = \/var\/log\/php-fpm\/www-error.log<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   opcache<\/code> ayarlar\u0131:<\/strong> \/etc\/php.d\/10-opcache.ini<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda bulunur. Performans i\u00e7in etkinle\u015ftirildi\u011finden emin olun ve opcache.revalidate_freq<\/code> gibi ayarlar\u0131 optimize edin.<\/p>\n
opcache.enable=1\n    opcache.memory_consumption=128\n    opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8\n    opcache.max_accelerated_files=4000\n    opcache.revalidate_freq=60\n    opcache.fast_shutdown=1<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu ayarlar\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirdikten sonra PHP-FPM servisini yeniden ba\u015flatmay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart php-fpm<\/code><\/pre>\n
Web Sunucusu Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 (Apache\/Nginx)<\/h4>\n
Web sunucunuzun, PHP isteklerini yeni PHP-FPM servisine y\u00f6nlendirmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
Apache HTTP Sunucusu \u0130\u00e7in<\/h5>\n
1.  mod_php<\/code>‘yi devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n (e\u011fer kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa):<\/strong>
\n    E\u011fer daha \u00f6nce mod_php<\/code> kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, PHP-FPM ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in onu devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n
sudo yum remove mod_php # veya sudo a2dismod phpX.X<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Veya ilgili yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131ndan LoadModule phpX_module<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 yorum sat\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131n.<\/p>\n
2.  mod_proxy_fcgi<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc etkinle\u015ftirin:<\/strong>
\n    Apache’nin PHP-FPM ile FastCGI \u00fczerinden ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu mod\u00fcl genellikle varsay\u0131lan olarak y\u00fckl\u00fcd\u00fcr, ancak etkinle\u015ftirilmesi gerekebilir.
\n    \/etc\/httpd\/conf\/httpd.conf<\/code> veya \/etc\/httpd\/conf.d\/proxy_fcgi.conf<\/code> gibi bir dosyada \u015fu sat\u0131r\u0131n oldu\u011fundan emin olun:<\/p>\n
LoadModule proxy_fcgi_module modules\/mod_proxy_fcgi.so<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.  Sanal Hostlar\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n:<\/strong>
\n    Web sitenizin sanal host yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda (\u00f6rne\u011fin \/etc\/httpd\/conf.d\/vhost.conf<\/code>), .php<\/code> uzant\u0131l\u0131 dosyalar\u0131n PHP-FPM’e y\u00f6nlendirilmesini sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
    Unix Soketi Kullan\u0131m\u0131 (\u00d6nerilen):<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n        ServerName yourdomain.com\n        DocumentRoot \/var\/www\/html\/yourdomain.com\/public\n\n        \n            Options Indexes FollowSymLinks\n            AllowOverride All\n            Require all granted\n        <\/Directory>\n\n        \n            SetHandler \"proxy:unix:\/run\/php-fpm\/www.sock|fcgi:\/\/localhost\/\"\n        <\/FilesMatch>\n\n        ErrorLog \/var\/log\/httpd\/yourdomain.com_error.log\n        CustomLog \/var\/log\/httpd\/yourdomain.com_access.log combined\n    <\/VirtualHost><\/code><\/pre>\n
    TCP\/IP Portu Kullan\u0131m\u0131 (Alternatif):<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n        SetHandler \"proxy:fcgi:\/\/127.0.0.1:9000\"\n    <\/FilesMatch><\/code><\/pre>\n
4.  Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart httpd<\/code><\/pre>\n
Nginx Sunucusu \u0130\u00e7in<\/h5>\n
1.  Sanal Hostlar\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n:<\/strong>
\n    Web sitenizin Nginx sanal host yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131nda (\u00f6rne\u011fin \/etc\/nginx\/conf.d\/yourdomain.com.conf<\/code>), .php<\/code> uzant\u0131l\u0131 dosyalar\u0131n PHP-FPM’e y\u00f6nlendirilmesini sa\u011flay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
server {\n        listen 80;\n        server_name yourdomain.com www.yourdomain.com;\n        root \/var\/www\/html\/yourdomain.com\/public;\n        index index.php index.html index.htm;\n\n        location \/ {\n            try_files $uri $uri\/ \/index.php?$query_string;\n        }\n\n        location ~ \\.php$ {\n            # Unix Soketi Kullan\u0131m\u0131 (\u00d6nerilen)\n            fastcgi_pass unix:\/run\/php-fpm\/www.sock;\n            # TCP\/IP Portu Kullan\u0131m\u0131 (Alternatif)\n            # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;\n\n            fastcgi_index index.php;\n            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;\n            include fastcgi_params;\n        }\n\n        # WordPress gibi uygulamalar i\u00e7in .htaccess'i taklit etmek \u00fczere\n        # location ~ \/\\.ht {\n        #     deny all;\n        # }\n    }<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.  Nginx yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 test edin ve yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo nginx -t\n    sudo systemctl restart nginx<\/code><\/pre>\n
Y\u00fckseltme Sonras\u0131 Do\u011frulama ve Sorun Giderme<\/h3>\n
PHP 7’yi kurup yap\u0131land\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, her \u015feyin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmak i\u00e7in do\u011frulama yapman\u0131z ve olas\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 gidermeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n
PHP S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Do\u011frulama<\/h4>\n
1.  Komut Sat\u0131r\u0131 (CLI) PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol edin:<\/strong><\/p>\n
php -v<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131da PHP 7.x s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6rmelisiniz (\u00f6rne\u011fin PHP 7.4.X<\/code>).<\/p>\n
2.  Web Sunucusu PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol edin:<\/strong>
\n    Web sitenizin k\u00f6k dizininde (\u00f6rne\u011fin \/var\/www\/html\/yourdomain.com\/public<\/code>) info.php<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir dosya olu\u015fturun ve i\u00e7ine \u015fu kodu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda http:\/\/yourdomain.com\/info.php<\/code> adresine gidin. A\u00e7\u0131lan sayfada PHP 7.x s\u00fcr\u00fcm bilgilerini ve t\u00fcm yap\u0131land\u0131rma ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz. Bu sayfay\u0131 do\u011frulama sonras\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle sunucunuzdan kald\u0131rmay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Uygulamalar\u0131 Test Etme<\/h4>\n
T\u00fcm PHP tabanl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 (WordPress, Laravel vb.) detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde test edin.
\n*   T\u00fcm sayfalar\u0131 ziyaret edin.
\n*   Formlar\u0131 g\u00f6nderin.
\n*   Giri\u015f\/\u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f i\u015flemlerini kontrol edin.
\n*   Veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 test edin.
\n*   Resim y\u00fckleme, dosya indirme gibi i\u015flemleri kontrol edin.
\n*   T\u00fcm y\u00f6netim panellerini kontrol edin.<\/p>\n
Ortak Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h4>\n
1.  Eksik PHP Uzant\u0131lar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Belirti:<\/strong> Uygulama hatalar\u0131, beyaz ekran, Call to undefined function<\/code> hatalar\u0131.
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu eksik uzant\u0131lar\u0131 sudo yum install php-uzant\u0131_ad\u0131<\/code> komutuyla kurun ve PHP-FPM’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n. info.php<\/code> sayfas\u0131ndan y\u00fckl\u00fc uzant\u0131lar\u0131 kontrol edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
2.  PHP 7 Uyumluluk Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Belirti:<\/strong> Uygulama hatalar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle eski kodlarda Deprecated<\/code> veya Fatal error<\/code> mesajlar\u0131.
\n       \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> PHP 5.x’ten 7.x’e ge\u00e7i\u015fte kald\u0131r\u0131lan veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilen fonksiyonlar nedeniyle eski kodlar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayabilir. \u00d6zellikle mysql_<\/em><\/code> fonksiyonlar\u0131 PHP 7’de tamamen kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr durumlarda uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n kodunu PHP 7 ile uyumlu hale getirmeniz veya uygulaman\u0131n g\u00fcncel bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kullanman\u0131z gerekir. PHP’nin resmi migration rehberlerini inceleyin.<\/p>\n
3.  \u0130zin Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Belirti:<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131n dosya yazma\/okuma izinleri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hatalar (\u00f6rne\u011fin, resim y\u00fckleyememe, log yazamama).
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> PHP-FPM’nin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve grubun (genellikle apache<\/code> veya nginx<\/code>), web k\u00f6k dizini ve ilgili alt dizinlere (\u00f6rne\u011fin wp-content\/uploads<\/code>, storage<\/code> klas\u00f6rleri) do\u011fru okuma\/yazma izinlerine sahip oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\n
sudo chown -R apache:apache \/var\/www\/html\/yourdomain.com\n        sudo find \/var\/www\/html\/yourdomain.com -type d -exec chmod 755 {} \\;\n        sudo find \/var\/www\/html\/yourdomain.com -type f -exec chmod 644 {} \\;<\/code><\/pre>\n
        WordPress i\u00e7in \u00f6zel izinler gerekebilir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, wp-content<\/code> klas\u00f6r\u00fc i\u00e7in 775 veya 777).<\/p>\n
4.  SELinux Engellemeleri:<\/strong>
\n    *   Belirti:<\/strong> PHP-FPM veya web sunucusu loglar\u0131nda AVC denied<\/code> hatalar\u0131, ba\u011flant\u0131 kurulamamas\u0131.
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> E\u011fer SELinux etkinse, baz\u0131 i\u015flemleri engelleyebilir. audit.log<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin (sudo cat \/var\/log\/audit\/audit.log | grep AVC<\/code>). Gerekirse SELinux politikalar\u0131n\u0131 ayarlay\u0131n veya ge\u00e7ici olarak devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n (\u00fcretim ortam\u0131nda \u00f6nerilmez).
\n        \u00d6rne\u011fin, Apache’nin a\u011f ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 kurmas\u0131na izin vermek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo setsebool -P httpd_can_network_connect 1<\/code><\/pre>\n
        Veya PHP-FPM soketi i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo semanage fcontext -a -t httpd_var_run_t \"\/run\/php-fpm\/www.sock\"\n        sudo restorecon -v \"\/run\/php-fpm\/www.sock\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
5.  G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 (Firewall) Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Belirti:<\/strong> Web sitesine eri\u015filememesi, ba\u011flant\u0131 zaman a\u015f\u0131m\u0131.
\n    *   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> E\u011fer firewalld<\/code> kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, HTTP (80) ve HTTPS (443) portlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\n
sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent\n        sudo firewall-cmd --add-service=https --permanent\n        sudo firewall-cmd --reload<\/code><\/pre>\n
6.  PHP-FPM veya Web Sunucusu Loglar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Herhangi bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, PHP-FPM loglar\u0131n\u0131 (\/var\/log\/php-fpm\/www-error.log<\/code>) ve web sunucusu loglar\u0131n\u0131 (Apache i\u00e7in \/var\/log\/httpd\/error_log<\/code>, Nginx i\u00e7in \/var\/log\/nginx\/error.log<\/code>) kontrol edin. Bu loglar, sorunun k\u00f6k nedenini belirlemenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Geri Alma (Gerekirse)<\/h3>\n
Her ne kadar dikkatli bir planlama ve test s\u00fcreci izlense de, bazen y\u00fckseltme i\u015flemi beklenmedik sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir ve geri alma ihtiyac\u0131 do\u011fabilir. Bu nedenle, y\u00fckseltme \u00f6ncesi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z tam yedeklemeler kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n
1.  Tam Yedeklemeden Geri Y\u00fckleme:<\/strong>
\n    En g\u00fcvenli geri alma y\u00f6ntemi, y\u00fckseltme \u00f6ncesi ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z tam sistem yede\u011fini geri y\u00fcklemektir. Bu, sunucunuzu y\u00fckseltme i\u015flemi hi\u00e7 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f gibi \u00f6nceki durumuna d\u00f6nd\u00fcrecektir. Bu i\u015flem, sunucunuzun b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne ve yedekleme stratejinize ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak zaman alabilir.<\/p>\n
2.  PHP Paketlerini Geri Alma (Daha Karma\u015f\u0131k):<\/strong>
\n    E\u011fer sadece PHP paketlerini geri almak isterseniz:
\n    *   \u00d6nce PHP 7 paketlerini kald\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo yum remove php* -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
    *   Ard\u0131ndan, REMI deposunu devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakman\u0131z ve eski PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn bulundu\u011fu depoyu etkinle\u015ftirmeniz (veya varsay\u0131lan CentOS deposunu kullanman\u0131z) gerekebilir.
\n    *   Eski PHP s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 tekrar kurun:<\/p>\n
# \u00d6rne\u011fin, e\u011fer PHP 5.6 kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z ve REMI'de bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm varsa\n        # sudo yum module reset php -y\n        # sudo yum module enable php:remi-5.6 -y\n        # sudo yum install php php-cli php-fpm php-mysql php-gd -y\n\n        # Veya CentOS varsay\u0131lan deposundan eski s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kurmak i\u00e7in (e\u011fer mevcutsa)\n        # sudo yum --disablerepo=remi install php php-cli php-fpm php-mysql -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
    *   Eski php.ini<\/code> ve web sunucusu yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 geri y\u00fckleyin.
\n    *   PHP-FPM ve web sunucusunu yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
    Bu y\u00f6ntem, tam yedekten geri y\u00fcklemeye g\u00f6re daha riskli ve karma\u015f\u0131kt\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar ve yap\u0131land\u0131rma farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 sorun yaratabilir. Bu nedenle, her zaman tam sistem yede\u011fini \u00f6ncelikli geri alma y\u00f6ntemi olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
CentOS 7 \u00fczerinde PHP 7’ye y\u00fckseltme, web uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131racak de\u011ferli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, dikkatli planlama, ad\u0131m ad\u0131m uygulama ve titiz testler gerektirir. Makalede belirtilen ad\u0131mlar\u0131 takip ederek, sisteminizi g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcncelleyebilir ve PHP 7’nin sundu\u011fu t\u00fcm avantajlardan faydalanabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Unutmay\u0131n, her sunucu ve uygulama ortam\u0131 farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu rehber genel bir yol haritas\u0131 sunar, ancak kendi spesifik gereksinimlerinize ve mevcut yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131za g\u00f6re ayarlamalar yapman\u0131z gerekebilir. Her zaman yedeklemelerinizi al\u0131n ve herhangi bir b\u00fcy\u00fck de\u011fi\u015fiklik yapmadan \u00f6nce bir test ortam\u0131nda deneme yapmay\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir y\u00fckseltme sonras\u0131, web siteleriniz ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z daha h\u0131zl\u0131, daha g\u00fcvenli ve daha modern bir PHP ortam\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"CentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7’ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\nPHP, web geli\u015ftirme d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir ve s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fmektedi","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[241],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-34195","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-linux","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nCentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7'ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7'ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7'ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber PHP, web geli\u015ftirme d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir ve s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fmektedi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-11-12T11:40:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"20 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"CentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7’ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-11-12T11:40:59+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\"},\"wordCount\":3315,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Linux\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-7-uzerinde-php-7ye-yukseltme-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\",\"name\":\"CentOS 7 \u00dczerinde PHP 7'ye Y\u00fckseltme: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber - 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