S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Yan\u0131t<\/title>\n <\/head>\n <body>\n \n <p>${longText}<\/p>\n <script>\n \/\/ \u00d6rnek JavaScript kodu\n console.log(\"Bu da s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak bir script.\");\n const data = ${JSON.stringify({ message: \"Bu bir JSON verisidir ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak.\", timestamp: new Date() })};\n console.log(data);\n <\/script>\n <\/body>\n <\/html>\n <\/code>);\n});\n\napp.get('\/api\/data', (req, res) => {\n const data = {\n items: Array.from({ length: 5000 }, (_, i) => ({\n id: i,\n name: <code>Item ${i}<\/code>,\n description: <code>This is a description for item ${i}. It is quite long and repetitive.<\/code>,\n value: Math.random() * 1000\n }))\n };\n res.json(data);\n});\n\napp.listen(port, () => {\n console.log(<code>Uygulama http:\/\/localhost:${port} adresinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/code>);\n console.log('Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n geli\u015ftirici ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan (Network sekmesi) yan\u0131tlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edebilirsiniz.');\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekte, <code>app.use(compression())<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131 sayesinde, Express sunucusu t\u00fcm yan\u0131tlar\u0131 otomatik olarak s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda bu sayfay\u0131 ziyaret etti\u011finizde, geli\u015ftirici ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f sekmesinde (Network tab) yan\u0131t\u0131n <code>Content-Encoding: gzip<\/code> (veya taray\u0131c\u0131 Brotli destekliyorsa <code>br<\/code>) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla geldi\u011fini ve boyutunun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6receksiniz.<\/p>\n<h5><code>compression<\/code> Middleware Konfig\u00fcrasyonu<\/h5>\n<p><code>compression<\/code> middleware’i, \u00e7e\u015fitli se\u00e7eneklerle \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilebilir:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">app.use(compression({\n level: 6, \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesi (0-9, varsay\u0131lan -1 veya zlib.constants.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION)\n threshold: 1024, \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 minimum bayt boyutu (varsay\u0131lan 1kb)\n filter: (req, res) => { \/\/ Hangi yan\u0131tlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen fonksiyon\n if (req.headers['x-no-compression']) {\n \/\/ 'x-no-compression' ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsa s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yapma\n return false;\n }\n \/\/ Varsay\u0131lan filtreyi kullan (res.getHeader('Content-Type') ile metin tabanl\u0131 yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r)\n return compression.filter(req, res);\n }\n}));<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>* <strong><code>level<\/code>:<\/strong> S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesi, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 ile CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi ayarlar. Daha y\u00fcksek seviyeler daha iyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma sa\u011flar ancak daha fazla CPU t\u00fcketir. <code>zlib.constants<\/code> i\u00e7indeki <code>Z_NO_COMPRESSION<\/code> (0), <code>Z_BEST_SPEED<\/code> (1), <code>Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION<\/code> (-1), <code>Z_BEST_COMPRESSION<\/code> (9) gibi de\u011ferler kullan\u0131labilir.<br \/>\n* <strong><code>threshold<\/code>:<\/strong> Belirtilen bayt boyutundan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yan\u0131tlar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaz. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmas\u0131n\u0131n ek y\u00fck\u00fc nedeniyle bazen dosya boyutunu art\u0131rabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong><code>filter<\/code>:<\/strong> Hangi isteklerin s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir fonksiyon tan\u0131mlayabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, belirli dosya t\u00fcrlerini veya API yollar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h4>Manuel HTTP S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (Geli\u015fmi\u015f Senaryolar)<\/h4>\n<p>Nadiren de olsa, <code>compression<\/code> middleware’i kullanmak yerine HTTP yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 manuel olarak s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekebilir. Bu, genellikle \u00e7ok \u00f6zel performans gereksinimleri olan veya temel Node.js HTTP mod\u00fcl\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan uygulamalarda tercih edilir.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const http = require('http');\nconst zlib = require('zlib');\n\nhttp.createServer((req, res) => {\n const acceptEncoding = req.headers['accept-encoding'];\n let output;\n\n if (acceptEncoding && acceptEncoding.includes('br')) {\n res.setHeader('Content-Encoding', 'br');\n output = zlib.createBrotliCompress();\n } else if (acceptEncoding && acceptEncoding.includes('gzip')) {\n res.setHeader('Content-Encoding', 'gzip');\n output = zlib.createGzip();\n } else {\n \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yok\n res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text\/plain');\n res.end('Bu yan\u0131t s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131.');\n return;\n }\n\n res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text\/plain');\n output.pipe(res); \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veriyi yan\u0131t ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na y\u00f6nlendir\n\n const data = 'Bu manuel olarak s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir yan\u0131t metnidir. '.repeat(500);\n output.write(data);\n output.end();\n\n}).listen(3001, () => {\n console.log('Manuel s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma sunucusu http:\/\/localhost:3001 adresinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.');\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, daha fazla kontrol sa\u011flar ancak daha fazla boilerplate kod gerektirir ve <code>compression<\/code> middleware’inin sundu\u011fu kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve optimizasyonlar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131r. Genellikle <code>compression<\/code> middleware’ini kullanmak daha iyi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h3>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Stratejileri ve En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/h3>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131za entegre ederken g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurman\u0131z gereken baz\u0131 stratejiler ve en iyi uygulamalar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4>Ne Zaman S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131?<\/h4>\n<p>* <strong>Metin Tabanl\u0131 Veriler:<\/strong> HTML, CSS, JavaScript, JSON, XML, SVG gibi metin tabanl\u0131 t\u00fcm veriler s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in ideal adaylard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr veriler genellikle \u00e7ok fazla tekrar eden karakter veya kal\u0131p i\u00e7erir.<br \/>\n* <strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck Dosyalar:<\/strong> \u00d6zellikle 1KB’tan b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <code>compression<\/code> middleware’inin <code>threshold<\/code> se\u00e7ene\u011fi bu durumu otomatik olarak y\u00f6netir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Statik Varl\u0131klar:<\/strong> Sunucunuzdan servis etti\u011finiz statik dosyalar (CSS, JS) s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu dosyalar genellikle \u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak (pre-compression) sunucu y\u00fck\u00fc azalt\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h4>Ne Zaman S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131?<\/h4>\n<p>* <strong>Zaten S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Veriler:<\/strong> JPEG, PNG, GIF, MP3, MP4, PDF gibi formatlar zaten kendi i\u00e7lerinde kay\u0131pl\u0131 veya kay\u0131ps\u0131z s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr dosyalar\u0131 tekrar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak genellikle dosya boyutunu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltmez, hatta bazen art\u0131rabilir ve gereksiz CPU d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri t\u00fcketir.<br \/>\n* <strong>\u00c7ok K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Veriler:<\/strong> \u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veri par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve algoritman\u0131n ek y\u00fck\u00fc nedeniyle orijinalden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dosya boyutuyla sonu\u00e7lanabilir. Bu nedenle, <code>threshold<\/code> ayar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h4>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Seviyeleri ve Performans<\/h4>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131 genellikle bir “s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesi” parametresiyle yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bu seviye, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma h\u0131z\u0131 (ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131) aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi belirler:<\/p>\n<p>* <strong>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Seviyeler (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 1<\/code> veya <code>Z_BEST_SPEED<\/code>):<\/strong> Daha h\u0131zl\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, ancak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131. CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131 daha azd\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 API yan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun olabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Y\u00fcksek Seviyeler (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 9<\/code> veya <code>Z_BEST_COMPRESSION<\/code>):<\/strong> Daha yava\u015f s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, ancak daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131. CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r. Statik varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 (build time) i\u00e7in uygun olabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Varsay\u0131lan Seviye (\u00f6rn. <code>level: -1<\/code> veya <code>Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION<\/code>):<\/strong> \u00c7o\u011fu senaryo i\u00e7in iyi bir denge sunar.<\/p>\n<p>Web sunucular\u0131nda, genellikle varsay\u0131lan veya orta seviye s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 6<\/code>) tercih edilir. Daha y\u00fcksek seviyeler, genellikle sunucu CPU’suna daha fazla y\u00fck bindirir ve ek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma faydas\u0131 marjinal olabilir.<\/p>\n<h4>Brotli vs. Gzip<\/h4>\n<p>* <strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Oran\u0131:<\/strong> Brotli, genellikle Gzip’e g\u00f6re %15-20 daha iyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oranlar\u0131 sunar, \u00f6zellikle metin tabanl\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar i\u00e7in. Bu, daha az bant geni\u015fli\u011fi t\u00fcketimi anlam\u0131na gelir.<br \/>\n* <strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma H\u0131z\u0131:<\/strong> Brotli’nin s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma h\u0131z\u0131, Gzip’e g\u00f6re genellikle daha yava\u015ft\u0131r, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyelerinde. Bu nedenle, dinamik i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in Brotli kullan\u0131rken dikkatli olmak gerekir.<br \/>\n* <strong>A\u00e7ma H\u0131z\u0131:<\/strong> Brotli’nin a\u00e7ma h\u0131z\u0131, Gzip’e benzer veya biraz daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, istemci taraf\u0131 performans\u0131 i\u00e7in iyi bir haberdir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Taray\u0131c\u0131 Deste\u011fi:<\/strong> T\u00fcm modern taray\u0131c\u0131lar (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge) Brotli’yi destekler. Ancak eski taray\u0131c\u0131lar veya baz\u0131 \u00f6zel istemciler desteklemeyebilir. Bu durumda Gzip bir yedek olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6neri:<\/strong> Statik varl\u0131klar (\u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir CSS, JS dosyalar\u0131) i\u00e7in Brotli’yi y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyelerinde kullan\u0131n. Dinamik API yan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in, Gzip’i orta seviyelerde veya Brotli’yi daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyelerinde kullan\u0131n ve taray\u0131c\u0131 deste\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun. <code>compression<\/code> middleware’i, istemcinin <code>Accept-Encoding<\/code> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re otomatik olarak en iyi algoritmay\u0131 se\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r (genellikle Brotli varsa Brotli, yoksa Gzip).<\/p>\n<h4>Sunucu Y\u00fck\u00fc ve Caching<\/h4>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, sunucu CPU’sunda ek y\u00fck olu\u015fturur. Yo\u011fun trafik alan uygulamalarda bu y\u00fck \u00f6nemli hale gelebilir. Bu y\u00fck\u00fc azaltmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p>* <strong>Caching (\u00d6nbellekleme):<\/strong> S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yan\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131n. Bir yan\u0131t bir kez s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, ayn\u0131 yan\u0131t i\u00e7in tekrar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemi yapmak yerine \u00f6nbellekten servis edilebilir. CDN’ler (Content Delivery Network) ve ters proxy’ler (Nginx gibi) bu konuda \u00e7ok etkilidir.<br \/>\n* <strong>\u00d6nceden S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (Pre-compression):<\/strong> Statik dosyalar\u0131 (CSS, JS) da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u015famas\u0131nda (build time) s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve sunucunuzu <code>.gz<\/code> veya <code>.br<\/code> uzant\u0131l\u0131 bu \u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosyalar\u0131 do\u011frudan servis edecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n. Bu, sunucunun her istekte s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yapma y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4>G\u00fcvenlik Hususlar\u0131: CRIME\/BREACH Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/h4>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, \u00f6zellikle HTTP s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, baz\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik zafiyetlerine yol a\u00e7abilir (CRIME ve BREACH sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131). Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f verideki tekrar eden kal\u0131plar\u0131 kullanarak hassas bilgileri (\u00f6rne\u011fin CSRF token’lar\u0131, oturum kimlikleri) tahmin etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle dinamik, kullan\u0131c\u0131ya \u00f6zel i\u00e7erik s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve bu i\u00e7erikte sald\u0131rgan\u0131n kontrol edebilece\u011fi bir k\u0131s\u0131m (\u00f6rne\u011fin URL parametresi) ile hassas bilginin bir arada bulundu\u011fu durumlarda risk olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nlemler:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>* Hassas bilgileri i\u00e7eren yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n veya bu bilgileri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayan bir kanaldan g\u00f6nderin.<br \/>\n* S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 statik i\u00e7erikle s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n.<br \/>\n* CSRF token’lar\u0131n\u0131 veya di\u011fer hassas verileri URL’den ziyade HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda veya \u00e7erezlerde (cookie) kullan\u0131n.<br \/>\n* S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6ncesi rastgele veri (padding) eklemek, sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n etkinli\u011fini azaltabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7o\u011fu modern web \u00e7er\u00e7evesi ve k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlemler i\u00e7erir veya varsay\u0131lan olarak bu t\u00fcr riskleri azalt\u0131r. Ancak, \u00f6zel s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri geli\u015ftirirken bu hususlar\u0131 ak\u0131lda tutmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Pratik Uygulama \u00d6rnekleri<\/h3>\n<p>\u015eimdiye kadar \u00f6\u011frendiklerimizi peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 pratik senaryoya g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<h4>Express.js ile API Yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h4>\n<p><code>compression<\/code> middleware’i, API yan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de harikad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const express = require('express');\nconst compression = require('compression');\nconst app = express();\nconst port = 4000;\n\napp.use(compression()); \/\/ T\u00fcm yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\n\napp.get('\/large-json', (req, res) => {\n const largeData = {\n message: 'Bu, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir JSON yan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.',\n timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),\n items: Array.from({ length: 10000 }, (_, i) => ({\n id: i,\n name: <code>\u00dcr\u00fcn ${i}<\/code>,\n description: <code>Bu, ${i} numaral\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok uzun bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131d\u0131r. Tekrar eden kelimelerle dolu.<\/code>.repeat(5),\n price: Math.random() * 1000,\n category: <code>Kategori ${Math.floor(Math.random() * 10)}<\/code>\n }))\n };\n res.json(largeData);\n});\n\napp.listen(port, () => {\n console.log(<code>API sunucusu http:\/\/localhost:${port} adresinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/code>);\n console.log('http:\/\/localhost:4000\/large-json adresini ziyaret ederek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f JSON yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.');\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekte, <code>large-json<\/code> endpoint’i \u00fczerinden g\u00f6nderilen b\u00fcy\u00fck JSON yan\u0131t\u0131, taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak al\u0131nacak ve bu da a\u011f transfer s\u00fcresini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4>Diskten S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Veriyi Okuma ve \u0130\u015fleme<\/h4>\n<p>Bazen diske s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak kaydedilmi\u015f bir dosyay\u0131 okuyup, bellekte a\u00e7arak i\u015flememiz gerekebilir.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const fs = require('fs');\nconst zlib = require('zlib');\nconst path = require('path');\n\nconst compressedFilePath = path.join(__dirname, 'log.txt.gz');\nconst logContent = 'Bu bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyas\u0131d\u0131r.\\n' + 'Hata mesajlar\u0131, uyar\u0131lar ve bilgi notlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.\\n'.repeat(500);\n\n\/\/ \u00d6nce \u00f6rnek bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosya olu\u015ftural\u0131m\nzlib.gzip(logContent, (err, buffer) => {\n if (err) {\n console.error('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma hatas\u0131:', err);\n return;\n }\n fs.writeFileSync(compressedFilePath, buffer);\n console.log(<code>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu: ${compressedFilePath}<\/code>);\n\n \/\/ \u015eimdi bu dosyay\u0131 okuyup a\u00e7al\u0131m\n readAndDecompressFile();\n});\n\n\nfunction readAndDecompressFile() {\n console.log('------------------------------------');\n console.log('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyas\u0131n\u0131 okuma ve i\u015fleme:');\n\n const readStream = fs.createReadStream(compressedFilePath);\n const gunzip = zlib.createGunzip();\n let decompressedData = '';\n\n readStream.pipe(gunzip)\n .on('data', (chunk) => {\n decompressedData += chunk.toString();\n })\n .on('end', () => {\n console.log('Dosya ba\u015far\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve okundu.');\n console.log('\u0130lk 100 karakter:', decompressedData.substring(0, 100));\n \/\/ Burada a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veriyi i\u015fleyebilirsiniz\n \/\/ \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir veritaban\u0131na kaydedebilir, analiz edebilir veya ba\u015fka bir yere g\u00f6nderebilirsiniz.\n })\n .on('error', (err) => {\n console.error('Dosya okuma\/a\u00e7ma hatas\u0131:', err);\n });\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu senaryo, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 veya ar\u015fivlenmi\u015f verileri i\u015flerken bellek verimlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Performans ve Optimizasyon<\/h3>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemleri CPU yo\u011fun olabilir. Uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131zda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma performans\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmek i\u00e7in \u015funlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun:<\/p>\n<p>* <strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Seviyesi Ayar\u0131:<\/strong> Dinamik i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in genellikle <code>level: 4<\/code> veya <code>level: 6<\/code> gibi orta seviyeler iyi bir denge sunar. Statik i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in daha y\u00fcksek seviyeler (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 9<\/code>) kullanabilirsiniz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu i\u015flem yaln\u0131zca bir kez (build time) yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n* <strong>Worker Threads Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 veya yo\u011fun s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemlerini ana Node.js i\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bloke etmeden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Worker Threads kullanabilirsiniz. Bu, \u00f6zellikle CPU yo\u011fun s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revlerini ayr\u0131 bir i\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131yarak uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131t verme yetene\u011fini koruman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r.<br \/>\n* <strong>CDN ve Ters Proxy’ler:<\/strong> \u00dcretim ortamlar\u0131nda, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frudan Node.js sunucunuzdan al\u0131p bir CDN’e veya Nginx gibi bir ters proxy’ye devretmek yayg\u0131n bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Bu hizmetler, genellikle s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 \u00e7ok daha verimli bir \u015fekilde ve \u00f6zel donan\u0131mlarla yapabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>HTTP\/2 ve HTTP\/3:<\/strong> Modern HTTP protokolleri, ba\u015fl\u0131k s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 (HPACK, QPACK) gibi kendi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma mekanizmalar\u0131na sahiptir ve birden fazla iste\u011fi tek bir ba\u011flant\u0131 \u00fczerinden multiplex ederek a\u011f verimlili\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r. Bu, yan\u0131t g\u00f6vdesi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini azaltmaz ancak genel performansa katk\u0131da bulunur.<\/p>\n<h3>Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n<p>Veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, Node.js uygulamalar\u0131nda performans\u0131, bant geni\u015fli\u011fi kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve depolama verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Node.js’in yerle\u015fik <code>zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc, hem senkron\/asenkron API’ler hem de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ak\u0131\u015f tabanl\u0131 i\u015flemlerle Gzip, Deflate ve Brotli gibi yayg\u0131n algoritmalar\u0131 destekler. Web uygulamalar\u0131nda, <code>compression<\/code> gibi middleware’ler sayesinde HTTP s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayca entegre edebilir ve otomatik hale getirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fru s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma stratejilerini uygulamak, ne zaman s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hangi algoritman\u0131n ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesinin kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmek, uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n genel performans\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkileyebilir. Ayr\u0131ca, sunucu y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ve olas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik risklerini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak bilin\u00e7li kararlar vermek, sa\u011flam ve verimli Node.js uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmenin anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu makaledeki bilgiler ve \u00f6rnekler, Node.js’te s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma d\u00fcnyas\u0131na ad\u0131m atman\u0131z i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir temel sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Node.js’te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\nVeri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, modern yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmenin ve a\u011f ileti\u015fiminin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. Node.","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[136],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-33967","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-node-js","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\n<title>Node.js'te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/node-jste-sikistirmaya-baslangic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Node.js'te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Node.js'te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, modern yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmenin ve a\u011f ileti\u015fiminin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. 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{"id":33967,"date":"2025-11-09T11:40:52","date_gmt":"2025-11-09T08:40:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=33967"},"modified":"2025-11-09T11:40:52","modified_gmt":"2025-11-09T08:40:52","slug":"node-jste-sikistirmaya-baslangic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/node-jste-sikistirmaya-baslangic\/","title":{"rendered":"Node.js’te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Node.js’te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7<\/h2>\n
Veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, modern yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmenin ve a\u011f ileti\u015fiminin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. Node.js ekosisteminde de performans, bant geni\u015fli\u011fi tasarrufu ve depolama verimlili\u011fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma teknikleri hayati bir rol oynar. Bu makale, Node.js geli\u015ftiricileri i\u00e7in s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n temellerini, neden \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu, Node.js’in yerle\u015fik yeteneklerini ve pratik uygulama senaryolar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele alacakt\u0131r. Amac\u0131m\u0131z, Node.js uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131zda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 etkin bir \u015fekilde kullanabilmeniz i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir rehber sunmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Giri\u015f: Veri S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Neden \u00d6nemli?<\/h3>\n
\u0130nternet ve uygulamalar\u0131m\u0131z her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla veri \u00fcretip t\u00fcketirken, bu verilerin verimli bir \u015fekilde aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve depolanmas\u0131 kritik hale gelmi\u015ftir. Veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, bu soruna g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm sunar. Temel olarak, bir veri k\u00fcmesini orijinal boyutundan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir boyuta d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme i\u015flemidir. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm, genellikle verideki tekrarlar\u0131, kal\u0131plar\u0131 veya gereksiz bilgileri ortadan kald\u0131rarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir.<\/p>\n
Node.js ba\u011flam\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, \u00f6zellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki alanlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck faydalar sa\u011flar:<\/p>\n
* A\u011f Performans\u0131:<\/strong> Web sunucular\u0131ndan istemcilere g\u00f6nderilen yan\u0131tlar\u0131n (HTML, CSS, JavaScript, JSON) s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, a\u011f \u00fczerinden aktar\u0131lan veri miktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131r. Bu, \u00f6zellikle mobil a\u011flarda veya y\u00fcksek gecikmeli ba\u011flant\u0131larda sayfa y\u00fckleme s\u00fcrelerini h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131r ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 deneyimini iyile\u015ftirir.
\n* Bant Geni\u015fli\u011fi Tasarrufu:<\/strong> Daha az veri aktar\u0131m\u0131, hem sunucu hem de istemci taraf\u0131nda bant geni\u015fli\u011fi maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu, \u00f6zellikle bulut tabanl\u0131 hizmetler kullanan i\u015fletmeler i\u00e7in do\u011frudan maliyet avantaj\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir gelir.
\n* Depolama Verimlili\u011fi:<\/strong> Dosyalar\u0131n veya veritaban\u0131 yedeklerinin s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, disk alan\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 azalt\u0131r. Bu, depolama maliyetlerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr ve daha fazla verinin ayn\u0131 fiziksel alanda saklanmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.
\n* API Yan\u0131t Boyutlar\u0131:<\/strong> RESTful API’ler veya GraphQL servisleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00f6nderilen b\u00fcy\u00fck JSON yan\u0131tlar\u0131, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7ok daha h\u0131zl\u0131 iletilir ve i\u015flenir.<\/p>\n
Bu faydalar g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Node.js uygulamalar\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde uygulamak, hem performans hem de maliyet a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar sa\u011flayabilir.<\/p>\n

Temel S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Kavramlar\u0131<\/h3>\n
S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma d\u00fcnyas\u0131na dalmadan \u00f6nce, baz\u0131 temel kavramlar\u0131 anlamak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Kay\u0131pl\u0131 ve Kay\u0131ps\u0131z S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h4>\n
S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131 genellikle iki ana kategoriye ayr\u0131l\u0131r:<\/p>\n
* Kay\u0131ps\u0131z S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (Lossless Compression):<\/strong> Bu y\u00f6ntem, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan verinin orijinal haliyle tamamen ayn\u0131 olacak \u015fekilde geri y\u00fcklenebilmesini sa\u011flar. Yani, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve a\u00e7ma i\u015fleminden sonra hi\u00e7bir bilgi kayb\u0131 ya\u015fanmaz. Metin dosyalar\u0131, program kodlar\u0131, ZIP ar\u015fivleri gibi verilerde kay\u0131ps\u0131z s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kullan\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu t\u00fcr verilerde en ufak bir bilgi kayb\u0131 dahi kabul edilemezdir. Node.js’te genellikle kay\u0131ps\u0131z s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131z.
\n* Kay\u0131pl\u0131 S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (Lossy Compression):<\/strong> Bu y\u00f6ntem, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda baz\u0131 bilgileri kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak atar ve bu sayede \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oranlar\u0131 elde eder. Ancak, veri geri y\u00fcklendi\u011finde orijinalinden tam olarak ayn\u0131 olmaz, sadece “yeterince yak\u0131n” bir versiyonu elde edilir. G\u00f6rsel (JPEG), ses (MP3) ve video (MP4) dosyalar\u0131 gibi medya formatlar\u0131nda kay\u0131pl\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma kullan\u0131l\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc insan duyular\u0131 bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bilgi kay\u0131plar\u0131n\u0131 genellikle fark etmez ve elde edilen dosya boyutu avantaj\u0131 \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Node.js’in yerle\u015fik zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc kay\u0131pl\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 do\u011frudan desteklemez.<\/p>\n
Yayg\u0131n S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Algoritmalar\u0131<\/h4>\nNode.js ve web ba\u011flam\u0131nda en s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kay\u0131ps\u0131z s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n * Deflate:<\/strong> LZ77 ve Huffman kodlamas\u0131n\u0131n birle\u015fimiyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir algoritmad\u0131r. Gzip ve ZIP formatlar\u0131n\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturur. \n* Gzip (GNU zip):<\/strong> Deflate algoritmas\u0131n\u0131 kullanan ve genellikle tek bir dosyan\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir dosya format\u0131d\u0131r. Web’de HTTP s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntemlerden biridir. .gz<\/code> uzant\u0131s\u0131yla tan\u0131n\u0131r. \n* Brotli:<\/strong> Google taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen, \u00f6zellikle web i\u00e7eri\u011fi i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f modern bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmas\u0131d\u0131r. Gzip’e g\u00f6re genellikle daha iyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oranlar\u0131 sunar, \u00f6zellikle statik varl\u0131klar i\u00e7in. Ancak, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma s\u00fcresi Gzip’ten daha uzun olabilirken, a\u00e7ma s\u00fcresi genellikle benzerdir veya daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. T\u00fcm modern taray\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan desteklenir. \n* Zstandard (Zstd):<\/strong> Facebook taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen, y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oranlar\u0131 ve \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma\/a\u00e7ma h\u0131zlar\u0131 sunan nispeten yeni bir algoritmad\u0131r. Node.js’in yerle\u015fik zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan desteklenmese de, \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf paketler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kullan\u0131labilir. Web’de Brotli ve Gzip kadar yayg\u0131n de\u011fildir ancak belirli depolama ve ak\u0131\u015f senaryolar\u0131nda pop\u00fclerdir.<\/p>\n Bu makalede, Node.js’in yerle\u015fik zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla Gzip, Deflate ve Brotli’ye odaklanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n Node.js’te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Mod\u00fclleri: zlib<\/code><\/h3>\nNode.js, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve yerle\u015fik bir mod\u00fcl olan zlib<\/code>‘i sunar. Bu mod\u00fcl, Deflate, Gzip ve Brotli algoritmalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve a\u00e7ma yetenekleri sa\u011flar. zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc, hem senkron hem de asenkron API’ler ile birlikte, b\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmeleri i\u00e7in ak\u0131\u015f (stream) tabanl\u0131 i\u015flemleri destekler.<\/p>\n Senkron ve Asenkron API’ler<\/h4>\nzlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc, hem senkron hem de asenkron fonksiyonlar sunar.<\/p>\n * Senkron API’ler:<\/strong> gzipSync()<\/code>, gunzipSync()<\/code>, deflateSync()<\/code>, inflateSync()<\/code>, brotliCompressSync()<\/code>, brotliDecompressSync()<\/code> gibi fonksiyonlar, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemini \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131 anda tamamlar ve sonu\u00e7 d\u00f6nene kadar ana i\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (event loop) bloke eder. Bu, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veri par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun olabilir, ancak b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar veya yo\u011fun s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in kesinlikle \u00f6nerilmez, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131t veremez hale gelmesine neden olur.<\/p>\n const zlib = require('zlib');\n const input = 'Merhaba d\u00fcnya! Bu bir test metnidir ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.';\n\n try {\n const compressed = zlib.gzipSync(input);\n console.log('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (Gzip Senkron):', compressed.toString('base64'));\n\n const decompressed = zlib.gunzipSync(compressed);\n console.log('A\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (Gzip Senkron):', decompressed.toString());\n } catch (err) {\n console.error('Hata:', err);\n }<\/code><\/pre>\n* Asenkron API’ler:<\/strong> gzip()<\/code>, gunzip()<\/code>, deflate()<\/code>, inflate()<\/code>, brotliCompress()<\/code>, brotliDecompress()<\/code> gibi fonksiyonlar, bir callback veya Promise tabanl\u0131 bir aray\u00fcz kullanarak i\u015flemi arka planda y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcr ve ana i\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bloke etmez. Bu, Node.js’in non-blocking I\/O modeline uygun oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmeleri veya web sunucular\u0131 gibi performans kritik uygulamalar i\u00e7in tercih edilen y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>\n const zlib = require('zlib');\n const util = require('util');\n const gzipPromise = util.promisify(zlib.gzip);\n const gunzipPromise = util.promisify(zlib.gunzip);\n\n const input = 'Merhaba d\u00fcnya! Bu bir test metnidir ve asenkron s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacakt\u0131r.';\n\n async function compressAndDecompressAsync() {\n try {\n const compressed = await gzipPromise(input);\n console.log('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (Gzip Asenkron):', compressed.toString('base64'));\n\n const decompressed = await gunzipPromise(compressed);\n console.log('A\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (Gzip Asenkron):', decompressed.toString());\n } catch (err) {\n console.error('Hata:', err);\n }\n }\n\n compressAndDecompressAsync();<\/code><\/pre>\nAk\u0131\u015f (Stream) Tabanl\u0131 S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h4>\nNode.js’in zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00f6zelliklerinden biri, ak\u0131\u015f (stream) API’leri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla b\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmelerini verimli bir \u015fekilde i\u015fleyebilmesidir. Ak\u0131\u015flar, veriyi par\u00e7a par\u00e7a i\u015fleyerek bellekte tamam\u0131n\u0131 tutma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r. Bu, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken veya a\u011f \u00fczerinden veri ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 yaparken hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve a\u00e7ma i\u00e7in d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 (transform streams) sa\u011flar:<\/p>\n * zlib.createGzip()<\/code>: Gzip s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \n* zlib.createGunzip()<\/code>: Gzip a\u00e7ma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \n* zlib.createDeflate()<\/code>: Deflate s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \n* zlib.createInflate()<\/code>: Deflate a\u00e7ma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \n* zlib.createBrotliCompress()<\/code>: Brotli s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \n* zlib.createBrotliDecompress()<\/code>: Brotli a\u00e7ma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n Bu ak\u0131\u015flar, Node.js’in fs<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn dosya ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla (readable\/writable streams) veya HTTP yan\u0131t ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131yla kolayca birle\u015ftirilebilir (pipe edilebilir).<\/p>\n Ak\u0131\u015flarla Dosya S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve A\u00e7ma \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h5>\nBu \u00f6rnek, bir dosyay\u0131 Gzip ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ve ard\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosyay\u0131 tekrar a\u00e7may\u0131 g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n const fs = require('fs');\nconst zlib = require('zlib');\nconst path = require('path');\n\nconst inputFile = path.join(__dirname, 'ornek.txt');\nconst compressedFile = path.join(__dirname, 'ornek.txt.gz');\nconst decompressedFile = path.join(__dirname, 'ornek_acik.txt');\n\n\/\/ \u00d6rnek bir dosya olu\u015ftural\u0131m\nfs.writeFileSync(inputFile, 'Bu, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak \u00f6rnek bir metin dosyas\u0131d\u0131r.\\n'\n + 'Node.js ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemleri olduk\u00e7a kolay ve verimlidir.\\n'\n + 'B\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar i\u00e7in ak\u0131\u015f tabanl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler tercih edilmelidir.\\n'\n + 'Bu dosya birden fazla sat\u0131r i\u00e7erir ve tekrar eden kelimeler bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131r.');\n\nconsole.log('------------------------------------');\nconsole.log('Dosya S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (Gzip Ak\u0131\u015f):');\nconst readStream = fs.createReadStream(inputFile);\nconst writeStreamGzip = fs.createWriteStream(compressedFile);\nconst gzip = zlib.createGzip();\n\nreadStream.pipe(gzip).pipe(writeStreamGzip)\n .on('finish', () => {\n console.log(Dosya ba\u015far\u0131yla s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131: ${compressedFile}<\/code>);\n \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosyan\u0131n boyutunu kontrol edelim\n const originalSize = fs.statSync(inputFile).size;\n const compressedSize = fs.statSync(compressedFile).size;\n console.log(Orijinal boyut: ${originalSize} byte<\/code>);\n console.log(S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f boyut: ${compressedSize} byte<\/code>);\n console.log(S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131: %${((1 - compressedSize \/ originalSize) * 100).toFixed(2)}<\/code>);\n\n \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosyay\u0131 a\u00e7ma i\u015flemine ge\u00e7elim\n decompressFile();\n })\n .on('error', (err) => {\n console.error('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma hatas\u0131:', err);\n });\n\nfunction decompressFile() {\n console.log('------------------------------------');\n console.log('Dosya A\u00e7ma (Gzip Ak\u0131\u015f):');\n const readStreamGzip = fs.createReadStream(compressedFile);\n const writeStreamDecomp = fs.createWriteStream(decompressedFile);\n const gunzip = zlib.createGunzip();\n\n readStreamGzip.pipe(gunzip).pipe(writeStreamDecomp)\n .on('finish', () => {\n console.log(Dosya ba\u015far\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131: ${decompressedFile}<\/code>);\n \/\/ A\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosyan\u0131n orijinal dosya ile ayn\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edelim\n const originalContent = fs.readFileSync(inputFile, 'utf8');\n const decompressedContent = fs.readFileSync(decompressedFile, 'utf8');\n console.log('\u0130\u00e7erik e\u015fle\u015fiyor mu?', originalContent === decompressedContent);\n })\n .on('error', (err) => {\n console.error('A\u00e7ma hatas\u0131:', err);\n });\n}<\/code><\/pre>\nBu \u00f6rnekte, fs.createReadStream()<\/code> ile okuma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131, zlib.createGzip()<\/code> ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve fs.createWriteStream()<\/code> ile yazma ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flanarak veri ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, gigabaytlarca b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki dosyalar\u0131 bile etkin bir \u015fekilde i\u015flemek i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/p>\n Brotli S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h5>\nBrotli, zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak Node.js v11.13.0 ve \u00fczeri s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerde desteklenir. Gzip’e benzer \u015fekilde kullan\u0131l\u0131r ancak genellikle daha iyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oranlar\u0131 sunar.<\/p>\n const zlib = require('zlib');\nconst util = require('util');\nconst brotliCompressPromise = util.promisify(zlib.brotliCompress);\nconst brotliDecompressPromise = util.promisify(zlib.brotliDecompress);\n\nconst input = 'Bu metin Brotli ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak ve geri a\u00e7\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Brotli daha iyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oranlar\u0131 sunabilir.';\n\nasync function brotliExample() {\n try {\n const compressed = await brotliCompressPromise(input);\n console.log('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (Brotli):', compressed.toString('base64'));\n\n const decompressed = await brotliDecompressPromise(compressed);\n console.log('A\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f (Brotli):', decompressed.toString());\n } catch (err) {\n console.error('Brotli hatas\u0131:', err);\n }\n}\n\nbrotliExample();<\/code><\/pre>\nAk\u0131\u015f tabanl\u0131 Brotli s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in zlib.createBrotliCompress()<\/code> ve zlib.createBrotliDecompress()<\/code> kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n HTTP S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma: Web Uygulamalar\u0131nda Kullan\u0131m<\/h3>\nWeb sunucular\u0131 ve istemciler aras\u0131ndaki ileti\u015fimi h\u0131zland\u0131rmak i\u00e7in HTTP s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Node.js tabanl\u0131 web uygulamalar\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin Express.js, Koa.js), sunucudan istemciye g\u00f6nderilen yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak bu avantajdan yararlanabilir.<\/p>\n Accept-Encoding<\/code> ve Content-Encoding<\/code> Ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131<\/h4>\nHTTP s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, istemci (taray\u0131c\u0131) ve sunucu aras\u0131nda bir anla\u015fma mekanizmas\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r:<\/p>\n * Accept-Encoding<\/code>:<\/strong> \u0130stemci, destekledi\u011fi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131n\u0131 bu ba\u015fl\u0131k arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sunucuya bildirir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br<\/code>). \n* Content-Encoding<\/code>:<\/strong> Sunucu, istemcinin destekledi\u011fi algoritmalar aras\u0131ndan birini se\u00e7er, yan\u0131t\u0131 o algoritmayla s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve kullan\u0131lan algoritmay\u0131 bu ba\u015fl\u0131k arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla istemciye bildirir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Content-Encoding: gzip<\/code>).<\/p>\n Taray\u0131c\u0131, Content-Encoding<\/code> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, yan\u0131t\u0131 otomatik olarak a\u00e7ar ve kullan\u0131c\u0131ya g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n Express.js ile Otomatik S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma: compression<\/code> Middleware<\/h4>\nExpress.js gibi pop\u00fcler Node.js web \u00e7at\u0131lar\u0131nda, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemini y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in genellikle \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf middleware’ler kullan\u0131l\u0131r. En yayg\u0131n ve \u00f6nerilen paket, compression<\/code> paketidir.<\/p>\n compression<\/code> middleware’i, gelen isteklerin Accept-Encoding<\/code> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol eder, uygun s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmas\u0131n\u0131 (varsay\u0131lan olarak Gzip) se\u00e7er ve yan\u0131t\u0131 otomatik olarak s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n Kurulum ve Kullan\u0131m<\/h5>\n\u00d6ncelikle paketi kurun:<\/p>\n npm install compression<\/code><\/pre>\nArd\u0131ndan Express uygulaman\u0131zda kullan\u0131n:<\/p>\n const express = require('express');\nconst compression = require('compression');\nconst app = express();\nconst port = 3000;\n\n\/\/ compression<\/code> middleware'ini uygulaman\u0131n en \u00fcst\u00fcne ekleyin\n\/\/ Bu sayede t\u00fcm yan\u0131tlar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r\napp.use(compression());\n\napp.get('\/', (req, res) => {\n \/\/ B\u00fcy\u00fck bir metin yan\u0131t\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m\n let longText = 'Bu, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak uzun bir metin yan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. '.repeat(1000);\n res.send(\n \n \n \n \n \n S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Yan\u0131t<\/title>\n <\/head>\n <body>\n \n <p>${longText}<\/p>\n <script>\n \/\/ \u00d6rnek JavaScript kodu\n console.log(\"Bu da s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak bir script.\");\n const data = ${JSON.stringify({ message: \"Bu bir JSON verisidir ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lacak.\", timestamp: new Date() })};\n console.log(data);\n <\/script>\n <\/body>\n <\/html>\n <\/code>);\n});\n\napp.get('\/api\/data', (req, res) => {\n const data = {\n items: Array.from({ length: 5000 }, (_, i) => ({\n id: i,\n name: <code>Item ${i}<\/code>,\n description: <code>This is a description for item ${i}. It is quite long and repetitive.<\/code>,\n value: Math.random() * 1000\n }))\n };\n res.json(data);\n});\n\napp.listen(port, () => {\n console.log(<code>Uygulama http:\/\/localhost:${port} adresinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/code>);\n console.log('Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n geli\u015ftirici ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan (Network sekmesi) yan\u0131tlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edebilirsiniz.');\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekte, <code>app.use(compression())<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131 sayesinde, Express sunucusu t\u00fcm yan\u0131tlar\u0131 otomatik olarak s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda bu sayfay\u0131 ziyaret etti\u011finizde, geli\u015ftirici ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f sekmesinde (Network tab) yan\u0131t\u0131n <code>Content-Encoding: gzip<\/code> (veya taray\u0131c\u0131 Brotli destekliyorsa <code>br<\/code>) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla geldi\u011fini ve boyutunun k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6receksiniz.<\/p>\n<h5><code>compression<\/code> Middleware Konfig\u00fcrasyonu<\/h5>\n<p><code>compression<\/code> middleware’i, \u00e7e\u015fitli se\u00e7eneklerle \u00f6zelle\u015ftirilebilir:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">app.use(compression({\n level: 6, \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesi (0-9, varsay\u0131lan -1 veya zlib.constants.Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION)\n threshold: 1024, \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n uygulanaca\u011f\u0131 minimum bayt boyutu (varsay\u0131lan 1kb)\n filter: (req, res) => { \/\/ Hangi yan\u0131tlar\u0131n s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen fonksiyon\n if (req.headers['x-no-compression']) {\n \/\/ 'x-no-compression' ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 varsa s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yapma\n return false;\n }\n \/\/ Varsay\u0131lan filtreyi kullan (res.getHeader('Content-Type') ile metin tabanl\u0131 yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r)\n return compression.filter(req, res);\n }\n}));<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>* <strong><code>level<\/code>:<\/strong> S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesi, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 ile CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi ayarlar. Daha y\u00fcksek seviyeler daha iyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma sa\u011flar ancak daha fazla CPU t\u00fcketir. <code>zlib.constants<\/code> i\u00e7indeki <code>Z_NO_COMPRESSION<\/code> (0), <code>Z_BEST_SPEED<\/code> (1), <code>Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION<\/code> (-1), <code>Z_BEST_COMPRESSION<\/code> (9) gibi de\u011ferler kullan\u0131labilir.<br \/>\n* <strong><code>threshold<\/code>:<\/strong> Belirtilen bayt boyutundan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yan\u0131tlar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaz. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmas\u0131n\u0131n ek y\u00fck\u00fc nedeniyle bazen dosya boyutunu art\u0131rabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong><code>filter<\/code>:<\/strong> Hangi isteklerin s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir fonksiyon tan\u0131mlayabilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, belirli dosya t\u00fcrlerini veya API yollar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<h4>Manuel HTTP S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (Geli\u015fmi\u015f Senaryolar)<\/h4>\n<p>Nadiren de olsa, <code>compression<\/code> middleware’i kullanmak yerine HTTP yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 manuel olarak s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekebilir. Bu, genellikle \u00e7ok \u00f6zel performans gereksinimleri olan veya temel Node.js HTTP mod\u00fcl\u00fcyle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan uygulamalarda tercih edilir.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const http = require('http');\nconst zlib = require('zlib');\n\nhttp.createServer((req, res) => {\n const acceptEncoding = req.headers['accept-encoding'];\n let output;\n\n if (acceptEncoding && acceptEncoding.includes('br')) {\n res.setHeader('Content-Encoding', 'br');\n output = zlib.createBrotliCompress();\n } else if (acceptEncoding && acceptEncoding.includes('gzip')) {\n res.setHeader('Content-Encoding', 'gzip');\n output = zlib.createGzip();\n } else {\n \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yok\n res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text\/plain');\n res.end('Bu yan\u0131t s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmad\u0131.');\n return;\n }\n\n res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text\/plain');\n output.pipe(res); \/\/ S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veriyi yan\u0131t ak\u0131\u015f\u0131na y\u00f6nlendir\n\n const data = 'Bu manuel olarak s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir yan\u0131t metnidir. '.repeat(500);\n output.write(data);\n output.end();\n\n}).listen(3001, () => {\n console.log('Manuel s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma sunucusu http:\/\/localhost:3001 adresinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.');\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, daha fazla kontrol sa\u011flar ancak daha fazla boilerplate kod gerektirir ve <code>compression<\/code> middleware’inin sundu\u011fu kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve optimizasyonlar\u0131 ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131r. Genellikle <code>compression<\/code> middleware’ini kullanmak daha iyi bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<h3>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Stratejileri ve En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/h3>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131za entegre ederken g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurman\u0131z gereken baz\u0131 stratejiler ve en iyi uygulamalar vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4>Ne Zaman S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131?<\/h4>\n<p>* <strong>Metin Tabanl\u0131 Veriler:<\/strong> HTML, CSS, JavaScript, JSON, XML, SVG gibi metin tabanl\u0131 t\u00fcm veriler s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u00e7in ideal adaylard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr veriler genellikle \u00e7ok fazla tekrar eden karakter veya kal\u0131p i\u00e7erir.<br \/>\n* <strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck Dosyalar:<\/strong> \u00d6zellikle 1KB’tan b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. <code>compression<\/code> middleware’inin <code>threshold<\/code> se\u00e7ene\u011fi bu durumu otomatik olarak y\u00f6netir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Statik Varl\u0131klar:<\/strong> Sunucunuzdan servis etti\u011finiz statik dosyalar (CSS, JS) s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu dosyalar genellikle \u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak (pre-compression) sunucu y\u00fck\u00fc azalt\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h4>Ne Zaman S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131?<\/h4>\n<p>* <strong>Zaten S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Veriler:<\/strong> JPEG, PNG, GIF, MP3, MP4, PDF gibi formatlar zaten kendi i\u00e7lerinde kay\u0131pl\u0131 veya kay\u0131ps\u0131z s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131 kullan\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr dosyalar\u0131 tekrar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak genellikle dosya boyutunu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcltmez, hatta bazen art\u0131rabilir ve gereksiz CPU d\u00f6ng\u00fcleri t\u00fcketir.<br \/>\n* <strong>\u00c7ok K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Veriler:<\/strong> \u00c7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck veri par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve algoritman\u0131n ek y\u00fck\u00fc nedeniyle orijinalden daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir dosya boyutuyla sonu\u00e7lanabilir. Bu nedenle, <code>threshold<\/code> ayar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h4>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Seviyeleri ve Performans<\/h4>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma algoritmalar\u0131 genellikle bir “s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesi” parametresiyle yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131labilir. Bu seviye, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131 ile s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma h\u0131z\u0131 (ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131) aras\u0131ndaki dengeyi belirler:<\/p>\n<p>* <strong>D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Seviyeler (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 1<\/code> veya <code>Z_BEST_SPEED<\/code>):<\/strong> Daha h\u0131zl\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, ancak daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131. CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131 daha azd\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 API yan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun olabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Y\u00fcksek Seviyeler (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 9<\/code> veya <code>Z_BEST_COMPRESSION<\/code>):<\/strong> Daha yava\u015f s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, ancak daha y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oran\u0131. CPU kullan\u0131m\u0131 daha fazlad\u0131r. Statik varl\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 (build time) i\u00e7in uygun olabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Varsay\u0131lan Seviye (\u00f6rn. <code>level: -1<\/code> veya <code>Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION<\/code>):<\/strong> \u00c7o\u011fu senaryo i\u00e7in iyi bir denge sunar.<\/p>\n<p>Web sunucular\u0131nda, genellikle varsay\u0131lan veya orta seviye s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 6<\/code>) tercih edilir. Daha y\u00fcksek seviyeler, genellikle sunucu CPU’suna daha fazla y\u00fck bindirir ve ek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma faydas\u0131 marjinal olabilir.<\/p>\n<h4>Brotli vs. Gzip<\/h4>\n<p>* <strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Oran\u0131:<\/strong> Brotli, genellikle Gzip’e g\u00f6re %15-20 daha iyi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma oranlar\u0131 sunar, \u00f6zellikle metin tabanl\u0131, b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar i\u00e7in. Bu, daha az bant geni\u015fli\u011fi t\u00fcketimi anlam\u0131na gelir.<br \/>\n* <strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma H\u0131z\u0131:<\/strong> Brotli’nin s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma h\u0131z\u0131, Gzip’e g\u00f6re genellikle daha yava\u015ft\u0131r, \u00f6zellikle y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyelerinde. Bu nedenle, dinamik i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in Brotli kullan\u0131rken dikkatli olmak gerekir.<br \/>\n* <strong>A\u00e7ma H\u0131z\u0131:<\/strong> Brotli’nin a\u00e7ma h\u0131z\u0131, Gzip’e benzer veya biraz daha h\u0131zl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, istemci taraf\u0131 performans\u0131 i\u00e7in iyi bir haberdir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Taray\u0131c\u0131 Deste\u011fi:<\/strong> T\u00fcm modern taray\u0131c\u0131lar (Chrome, Firefox, Safari, Edge) Brotli’yi destekler. Ancak eski taray\u0131c\u0131lar veya baz\u0131 \u00f6zel istemciler desteklemeyebilir. Bu durumda Gzip bir yedek olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6neri:<\/strong> Statik varl\u0131klar (\u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir CSS, JS dosyalar\u0131) i\u00e7in Brotli’yi y\u00fcksek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyelerinde kullan\u0131n. Dinamik API yan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in, Gzip’i orta seviyelerde veya Brotli’yi daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyelerinde kullan\u0131n ve taray\u0131c\u0131 deste\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun. <code>compression<\/code> middleware’i, istemcinin <code>Accept-Encoding<\/code> ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re otomatik olarak en iyi algoritmay\u0131 se\u00e7meye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r (genellikle Brotli varsa Brotli, yoksa Gzip).<\/p>\n<h4>Sunucu Y\u00fck\u00fc ve Caching<\/h4>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, sunucu CPU’sunda ek y\u00fck olu\u015fturur. Yo\u011fun trafik alan uygulamalarda bu y\u00fck \u00f6nemli hale gelebilir. Bu y\u00fck\u00fc azaltmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<p>* <strong>Caching (\u00d6nbellekleme):<\/strong> S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yan\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131n. Bir yan\u0131t bir kez s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, ayn\u0131 yan\u0131t i\u00e7in tekrar s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemi yapmak yerine \u00f6nbellekten servis edilebilir. CDN’ler (Content Delivery Network) ve ters proxy’ler (Nginx gibi) bu konuda \u00e7ok etkilidir.<br \/>\n* <strong>\u00d6nceden S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (Pre-compression):<\/strong> Statik dosyalar\u0131 (CSS, JS) da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m a\u015famas\u0131nda (build time) s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve sunucunuzu <code>.gz<\/code> veya <code>.br<\/code> uzant\u0131l\u0131 bu \u00f6nceden s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosyalar\u0131 do\u011frudan servis edecek \u015fekilde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n. Bu, sunucunun her istekte s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yapma y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4>G\u00fcvenlik Hususlar\u0131: CRIME\/BREACH Sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131<\/h4>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, \u00f6zellikle HTTP s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, baz\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik zafiyetlerine yol a\u00e7abilir (CRIME ve BREACH sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131). Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f verideki tekrar eden kal\u0131plar\u0131 kullanarak hassas bilgileri (\u00f6rne\u011fin CSRF token’lar\u0131, oturum kimlikleri) tahmin etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu sald\u0131r\u0131lar, \u00f6zellikle dinamik, kullan\u0131c\u0131ya \u00f6zel i\u00e7erik s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ve bu i\u00e7erikte sald\u0131rgan\u0131n kontrol edebilece\u011fi bir k\u0131s\u0131m (\u00f6rne\u011fin URL parametresi) ile hassas bilginin bir arada bulundu\u011fu durumlarda risk olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6nlemler:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>* Hassas bilgileri i\u00e7eren yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n veya bu bilgileri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmayan bir kanaldan g\u00f6nderin.<br \/>\n* S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 statik i\u00e7erikle s\u0131n\u0131rlay\u0131n.<br \/>\n* CSRF token’lar\u0131n\u0131 veya di\u011fer hassas verileri URL’den ziyade HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131nda veya \u00e7erezlerde (cookie) kullan\u0131n.<br \/>\n* S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6ncesi rastgele veri (padding) eklemek, sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131n etkinli\u011fini azaltabilir.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7o\u011fu modern web \u00e7er\u00e7evesi ve k\u00fct\u00fcphanesi bu t\u00fcr sald\u0131r\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6nlemler i\u00e7erir veya varsay\u0131lan olarak bu t\u00fcr riskleri azalt\u0131r. Ancak, \u00f6zel s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri geli\u015ftirirken bu hususlar\u0131 ak\u0131lda tutmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Pratik Uygulama \u00d6rnekleri<\/h3>\n<p>\u015eimdiye kadar \u00f6\u011frendiklerimizi peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 pratik senaryoya g\u00f6z atal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<h4>Express.js ile API Yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h4>\n<p><code>compression<\/code> middleware’i, API yan\u0131tlar\u0131 i\u00e7in de harikad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const express = require('express');\nconst compression = require('compression');\nconst app = express();\nconst port = 4000;\n\napp.use(compression()); \/\/ T\u00fcm yan\u0131tlar\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\n\napp.get('\/large-json', (req, res) => {\n const largeData = {\n message: 'Bu, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir JSON yan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.',\n timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),\n items: Array.from({ length: 10000 }, (_, i) => ({\n id: i,\n name: <code>\u00dcr\u00fcn ${i}<\/code>,\n description: <code>Bu, ${i} numaral\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7ok uzun bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131d\u0131r. Tekrar eden kelimelerle dolu.<\/code>.repeat(5),\n price: Math.random() * 1000,\n category: <code>Kategori ${Math.floor(Math.random() * 10)}<\/code>\n }))\n };\n res.json(largeData);\n});\n\napp.listen(port, () => {\n console.log(<code>API sunucusu http:\/\/localhost:${port} adresinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.<\/code>);\n console.log('http:\/\/localhost:4000\/large-json adresini ziyaret ederek s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f JSON yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.');\n});<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekte, <code>large-json<\/code> endpoint’i \u00fczerinden g\u00f6nderilen b\u00fcy\u00fck JSON yan\u0131t\u0131, taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak al\u0131nacak ve bu da a\u011f transfer s\u00fcresini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h4>Diskten S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f Veriyi Okuma ve \u0130\u015fleme<\/h4>\n<p>Bazen diske s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olarak kaydedilmi\u015f bir dosyay\u0131 okuyup, bellekte a\u00e7arak i\u015flememiz gerekebilir.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">const fs = require('fs');\nconst zlib = require('zlib');\nconst path = require('path');\n\nconst compressedFilePath = path.join(__dirname, 'log.txt.gz');\nconst logContent = 'Bu bir g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyas\u0131d\u0131r.\\n' + 'Hata mesajlar\u0131, uyar\u0131lar ve bilgi notlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.\\n'.repeat(500);\n\n\/\/ \u00d6nce \u00f6rnek bir s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosya olu\u015ftural\u0131m\nzlib.gzip(logContent, (err, buffer) => {\n if (err) {\n console.error('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma hatas\u0131:', err);\n return;\n }\n fs.writeFileSync(compressedFilePath, buffer);\n console.log(<code>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyas\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu: ${compressedFilePath}<\/code>);\n\n \/\/ \u015eimdi bu dosyay\u0131 okuyup a\u00e7al\u0131m\n readAndDecompressFile();\n});\n\n\nfunction readAndDecompressFile() {\n console.log('------------------------------------');\n console.log('S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyas\u0131n\u0131 okuma ve i\u015fleme:');\n\n const readStream = fs.createReadStream(compressedFilePath);\n const gunzip = zlib.createGunzip();\n let decompressedData = '';\n\n readStream.pipe(gunzip)\n .on('data', (chunk) => {\n decompressedData += chunk.toString();\n })\n .on('end', () => {\n console.log('Dosya ba\u015far\u0131yla a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 ve okundu.');\n console.log('\u0130lk 100 karakter:', decompressedData.substring(0, 100));\n \/\/ Burada a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veriyi i\u015fleyebilirsiniz\n \/\/ \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir veritaban\u0131na kaydedebilir, analiz edebilir veya ba\u015fka bir yere g\u00f6nderebilirsiniz.\n })\n .on('error', (err) => {\n console.error('Dosya okuma\/a\u00e7ma hatas\u0131:', err);\n });\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu senaryo, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 veya ar\u015fivlenmi\u015f verileri i\u015flerken bellek verimlili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Performans ve Optimizasyon<\/h3>\n<p>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemleri CPU yo\u011fun olabilir. Uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131zda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma performans\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmek i\u00e7in \u015funlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurun:<\/p>\n<p>* <strong>S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma Seviyesi Ayar\u0131:<\/strong> Dinamik i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in genellikle <code>level: 4<\/code> veya <code>level: 6<\/code> gibi orta seviyeler iyi bir denge sunar. Statik i\u00e7erik i\u00e7in daha y\u00fcksek seviyeler (\u00f6rn. <code>level: 9<\/code>) kullanabilirsiniz, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu i\u015flem yaln\u0131zca bir kez (build time) yap\u0131l\u0131r.<br \/>\n* <strong>Worker Threads Kullan\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> \u00c7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 veya yo\u011fun s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemlerini ana Node.js i\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bloke etmeden ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in Worker Threads kullanabilirsiniz. Bu, \u00f6zellikle CPU yo\u011fun s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma g\u00f6revlerini ayr\u0131 bir i\u015f par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131yarak uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131t verme yetene\u011fini koruman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r.<br \/>\n* <strong>CDN ve Ters Proxy’ler:<\/strong> \u00dcretim ortamlar\u0131nda, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc do\u011frudan Node.js sunucunuzdan al\u0131p bir CDN’e veya Nginx gibi bir ters proxy’ye devretmek yayg\u0131n bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Bu hizmetler, genellikle s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 \u00e7ok daha verimli bir \u015fekilde ve \u00f6zel donan\u0131mlarla yapabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>HTTP\/2 ve HTTP\/3:<\/strong> Modern HTTP protokolleri, ba\u015fl\u0131k s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 (HPACK, QPACK) gibi kendi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma mekanizmalar\u0131na sahiptir ve birden fazla iste\u011fi tek bir ba\u011flant\u0131 \u00fczerinden multiplex ederek a\u011f verimlili\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r. Bu, yan\u0131t g\u00f6vdesi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini azaltmaz ancak genel performansa katk\u0131da bulunur.<\/p>\n<h3>Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n<p>Veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, Node.js uygulamalar\u0131nda performans\u0131, bant geni\u015fli\u011fi kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve depolama verimlili\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Node.js’in yerle\u015fik <code>zlib<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fc, hem senkron\/asenkron API’ler hem de g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ak\u0131\u015f tabanl\u0131 i\u015flemlerle Gzip, Deflate ve Brotli gibi yayg\u0131n algoritmalar\u0131 destekler. Web uygulamalar\u0131nda, <code>compression<\/code> gibi middleware’ler sayesinde HTTP s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 kolayca entegre edebilir ve otomatik hale getirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Do\u011fru s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma stratejilerini uygulamak, ne zaman s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hangi algoritman\u0131n ve s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma seviyesinin kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmek, uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n genel performans\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkileyebilir. Ayr\u0131ca, sunucu y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc ve olas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik risklerini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak bilin\u00e7li kararlar vermek, sa\u011flam ve verimli Node.js uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmenin anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu makaledeki bilgiler ve \u00f6rnekler, Node.js’te s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma d\u00fcnyas\u0131na ad\u0131m atman\u0131z i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir temel sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Node.js’te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\nVeri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, modern yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmenin ve a\u011f ileti\u015fiminin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. Node.","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[136],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-33967","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-node-js","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\n<title>Node.js'te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/node-jste-sikistirmaya-baslangic\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Node.js'te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Node.js'te S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 Veri s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma, modern yaz\u0131l\u0131m geli\u015ftirmenin ve a\u011f ileti\u015fiminin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. 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