{"id":31766,"date":"2025-10-13T19:41:12","date_gmt":"2025-10-13T16:41:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=31766"},"modified":"2025-10-13T19:41:12","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T16:41:12","slug":"nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/","title":{"rendered":"Nextcloud’u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Nextcloud’u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h2>\n

Giri\u015f<\/h3>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, verilerimizin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, gizlili\u011fi ve eri\u015filebilirli\u011fi her zamankinden daha \u00f6nemli hale gelmi\u015ftir. Bulut depolama hizmetleri, bu ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lsa da, \u00e7o\u011fu zaman verilerimizi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf \u015firketlere emanet etmemiz anlam\u0131na gelir. Nextcloud, bu duruma g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir alternatif sunarak, kendi bulut depolama ve \u00fcretkenlik platformunuzu olu\u015fturman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. Kendi sunucunuz \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak, verileriniz \u00fczerinde tam kontrol sahibi olabilir, gizlili\u011finizi koruyabilir ve ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir deneyim ya\u015fayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n

Bu kapsaml\u0131 teknik makalede, Nextcloud’u pop\u00fcler ve kararl\u0131 bir sunucu i\u015fletim sistemi olan Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Long Term Support) \u00fczerine nas\u0131l kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve yap\u0131land\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m anlataca\u011f\u0131z. Ubuntu 16.04, uzun s\u00fcreli deste\u011fi sayesinde bir\u00e7ok kurumsal ortamda tercih edilmi\u015f bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm olup, Nextcloud gibi uygulamalar i\u00e7in sa\u011flam bir temel sunar. Kurulum s\u00fcrecinde Apache web sunucusu, MariaDB veritaban\u0131 ve PHP’den olu\u015fan bir LAMP (Linux, Apache, MariaDB, PHP) ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131z. Ayr\u0131ca, Nextcloud kurulumunuzu g\u00fcvenli ve performansl\u0131 hale getirmek i\u00e7in gerekli ek yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve iyile\u015ftirmeleri de detayland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Bu rehber, temel Linux komut bilgisine sahip ve SSH arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla sunucusuna eri\u015febilen kullan\u0131c\u0131lar i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcm ad\u0131mlar, ba\u015ftan sona eksiksiz bir Nextcloud kurulumu sa\u011flamak \u00fczere dikkatlice a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Gereksinimler ve Sistem G\u00fcncellemesi<\/h3>\n

Nextcloud kurulumuna ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, sunucunuzun belirli \u00f6n gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.
\n* Ubuntu 16.04 Sunucusu:<\/strong> Temiz bir Ubuntu 16.04 LTS kurulumu \u00f6nerilir.
\n* K\u00f6k (Root) Eri\u015fimi veya Sudo Yetkileri:<\/strong> Kurulum i\u00e7in y\u00f6netici haklar\u0131na sahip olman\u0131z gerekmektedir.
\n* \u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Paketleri indirmek ve g\u00fcncellemeleri yapmak i\u00e7in aktif bir internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.
\n* Minimum Donan\u0131m:<\/strong> Nextcloud, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli kullan\u0131mlar i\u00e7in nispeten d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kaynaklarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir (\u00f6rne\u011fin, 1 GB RAM, 2 CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi), ancak daha fazla kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve dosya i\u00e7in daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc donan\u0131m \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n

Kuruluma ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, sisteminizin g\u00fcncel oldu\u011fundan emin olmak her zaman iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r. Bu, potansiyel g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kapat\u0131r ve en son paket s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini alman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade -y\nsudo apt autoremove -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, sisteminizdeki paket listesini g\u00fcnceller, y\u00fckl\u00fc paketleri y\u00fckseltir ve art\u0131k ihtiya\u00e7 duyulmayan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
LAMP Ortam\u0131n\u0131n Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Nextcloud, bir web sunucusu, bir veritaban\u0131 sunucusu ve PHP gibi sunucu taraf\u0131 bir betik dili gerektirir. Bu bile\u015fenler genellikle bir “LAMP” y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 olarak bilinir. Ubuntu 16.04 \u00fczerinde bu bile\u015fenleri tek tek kuraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Apache Web Sunucusu Kurulumu<\/h4>\n
Apache, d\u00fcnya genelinde en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan web sunucular\u0131ndan biridir ve Nextcloud i\u00e7in m\u00fckemmel bir se\u00e7imdir.<\/p>\n
sudo apt install apache2 -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, Apache servisinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulayabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl status apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131da “active (running)” ifadesini g\u00f6rmelisiniz. Apache’nin varsay\u0131lan olarak 80 numaral\u0131 HTTP portunu kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 unutmay\u0131n. E\u011fer bir g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 (ufw gibi) kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, Apache’nin trafi\u011fine izin vermeniz gerekir:<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow 'Apache Full'\nsudo ufw enable\nsudo ufw status<\/code><\/pre>\n
ufw status<\/code> komutu, Apache Full<\/code> profilinin izin verilenler listesinde oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermelidir.<\/p>\n
Nextcloud’un d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 Apache mod\u00fcllerinin etkinle\u015ftirilmesi gerekir. Bu mod\u00fcller, Nextcloud’un URL yeniden yazma, ba\u015fl\u0131k y\u00f6netimi ve di\u011fer i\u015flevlerini kullanmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
sudo a2enmod rewrite headers env dir mime\nsudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, belirtilen mod\u00fclleri etkinle\u015ftirir ve de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Apache servisini yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131r.<\/p>\n
MariaDB Veritaban\u0131 Sunucusu Kurulumu<\/h4>\n
Nextcloud, t\u00fcm verilerini (kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgileri, dosya meta verileri, payla\u015f\u0131mlar vb.) bir veritaban\u0131nda saklar. MySQL uyumlu bir veritaban\u0131 olan MariaDB, Nextcloud i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler ve performansl\u0131 bir se\u00e7enektir.<\/p>\n
sudo apt install mariadb-server mariadb-client -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, MariaDB kurulumunuzu g\u00fcvenli hale getirmek i\u00e7in mysql_secure_installation<\/code> beti\u011fini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n
sudo mysql_secure_installation<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu betik size bir dizi soru soracakt\u0131r:
\n*   Enter current password for root (none):<\/strong> \u0130lk kurulumda root \u015fifresi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in do\u011frudan Enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131n.
\n*   Set root password? [Y\/n]:<\/strong> Y<\/code> tu\u015funa basarak root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre belirleyin.
\n*   Remove anonymous users? [Y\/n]:<\/strong> Y<\/code> tu\u015funa basarak anonim kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131n.
\n*   Disallow root login remotely? [Y\/n]:<\/strong> G\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in Y<\/code> tu\u015funa basarak root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n uzaktan oturum a\u00e7mas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyin.
\n*   Remove test database and access to it? [Y\/n]:<\/strong> Y<\/code> tu\u015funa basarak test veritaban\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131n.
\n*   Reload privilege tables now? [Y\/n]:<\/strong> Y<\/code> tu\u015funa basarak ayr\u0131cal\u0131k tablolar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden y\u00fckleyin.<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi Nextcloud i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir veritaban\u0131 ve bir veritaban\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu, Nextcloud’un kendi verilerine eri\u015fmesini sa\u011flar ve root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n do\u011frudan kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.<\/p>\n
sudo mysql -u root -p<\/code><\/pre>\n
Az \u00f6nce belirledi\u011finiz MariaDB root \u015fifresini girin. MySQL komut istemine d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n (kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 ve \u015fifresini kendi tercihinize g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015ftirin):<\/p>\n
CREATE DATABASE nextcloud_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci;\nCREATE USER 'nextcloud_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'guclu_sifre';\nGRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nextcloud_db.* TO 'nextcloud_user'@'localhost';\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\nEXIT;<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar:
\n1.  nextcloud_db<\/code> ad\u0131nda yeni bir veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fturur. utf8mb4<\/code> karakter seti, Nextcloud’un \u00e7e\u015fitli dillerde ve emoji gibi \u00f6zel karakterlerle d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\n2.  nextcloud_user<\/code> ad\u0131nda ve localhost<\/code> \u00fczerinden eri\u015fime sahip yeni bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015fturur, guclu_sifre<\/code> ile.
\n3.  Bu kullan\u0131c\u0131ya nextcloud_db<\/code> veritaban\u0131 \u00fczerinde t\u00fcm ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131 verir.
\n4.  Ayr\u0131cal\u0131k tablolar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcnceller.
\n5.  MySQL isteminden \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n
PHP ve Gerekli Mod\u00fcllerin Kurulumu<\/h4>\n
Nextcloud, PHP ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir uygulamad\u0131r ve d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in belirli PHP mod\u00fcllerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Ubuntu 16.04, varsay\u0131lan olarak PHP 7.0’\u0131 sunar. Nextcloud 17, PHP 7.0 ile tam uyumludur.<\/p>\n
sudo apt install php libapache2-mod-php php-cli php-mysql php-gd php-curl php-intl php-imagick php-zip php-xml php-mbstring php-bz2 php-json php-gmp php-bcmath -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, PHP 7.0’\u0131, Apache i\u00e7in PHP mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fc (libapache2-mod-php), komut sat\u0131r\u0131 aray\u00fcz\u00fc (CLI) PHP’yi ve Nextcloud’un ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli PHP uzant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fckler.<\/p>\n
Nextcloud’un b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 y\u00fckleyebilmesi ve yeterli bellek kullanabilmesi i\u00e7in baz\u0131 PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rma ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmemiz gerekir. php.ini<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/php\/7.0\/apache2\/php.ini<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131rlar\u0131 bulun ve de\u011ferlerini g\u00fcncelleyin (ya da ekleyin):<\/p>\n
memory_limit = 512M             ; Nextcloud i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilen minimum 512M\nupload_max_filesize = 10G       ; \u0130htiyac\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re ayarlay\u0131n, \u00f6rn: 10GB\npost_max_size = 10G             ; upload_max_filesize'dan b\u00fcy\u00fck veya e\u015fit olmal\u0131\ndate.timezone = Europe\/Istanbul ; Kendi zaman diliminize g\u00f6re ayarlay\u0131n, \u00f6rn: Europe\/London<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ctrl+X<\/code>, Y<\/code> ve Enter<\/code> tu\u015flar\u0131na basarak dosyay\u0131 kaydedip kapat\u0131n.
\nDe\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
Nextcloud’un \u0130ndirilmesi ve Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Art\u0131k LAMP y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131m\u0131z haz\u0131r oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, Nextcloud’u indirip sunucumuza kurabiliriz. Bu rehberde, Ubuntu 16.04’\u00fcn PHP 7.0 deste\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak Nextcloud 17 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Nextcloud’un en son kararl\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc resmi web sitesinden indirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Nextcloud’un web k\u00f6k dizini genellikle \/var\/www\/html<\/code>‘dir. Biz Nextcloud’u bu dizinin alt\u0131na ayr\u0131 bir klas\u00f6re kuraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelikle, ge\u00e7ici indirme dizinine gidelim:<\/p>\n
cd \/tmp<\/code><\/pre>\n
Nextcloud 17’nin son s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirelim (s\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in Nextcloud’un resmi indirme sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret edebilirsiniz, ancak bu rehber i\u00e7in Nextcloud 17.0.10’u kullanaca\u011f\u0131z):<\/p>\n
wget https:\/\/download.nextcloud.com\/server\/releases\/nextcloud-17.0.10.zip<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0130ndirilen zip dosyas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo apt install unzip -y # E\u011fer unzip y\u00fckl\u00fc de\u011filse\nunzip nextcloud-17.0.10.zip<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u00e7\u0131lan nextcloud<\/code> dizinini Apache’nin web k\u00f6k dizinine ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo mv nextcloud \/var\/www\/html\/<\/code><\/pre>\n
Nextcloud dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n ve dizinlerinin, Apache web sunucusunun kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olan www-data<\/code> taraf\u0131ndan okunabilir ve yaz\u0131labilir olmas\u0131 gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca, do\u011fru izinleri ayarlamak g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\nsudo chmod -R 755 \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud<\/code> dizininin ve alt\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm dosyalar\u0131n sahipli\u011fini www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ve grubuna atar ve dizinler i\u00e7in 755, dosyalar i\u00e7in 644 (varsay\u0131lan olarak chmod -R 755<\/code> bu \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, ancak Nextcloud’un kendisi kurulum sonras\u0131 baz\u0131 izinleri daha s\u0131k\u0131 hale getirebilir) izinlerini ayarlar.<\/p>\n
Apache Sanal Host Ayarlar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Nextcloud’a bir web taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 \u00fczerinden eri\u015febilmek i\u00e7in Apache’de bir sanal host (Virtual Host) yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 yapmam\u0131z gerekir. Bu, Apache’ye belirli bir alan ad\u0131 veya IP adresi i\u00e7in Nextcloud dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 sunmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.<\/p>\n
Nextcloud i\u00e7in yeni bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/nextcloud.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u00e7eri\u011fi dosyaya yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. ServerName<\/code> k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kendi alan ad\u0131n\u0131zla veya sunucunuzun IP adresiyle de\u011fi\u015ftirin:<\/p>\n
\n    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost\n    ServerName your_domain.com # Kendi alan ad\u0131n\u0131z veya IP adresiniz\n    DocumentRoot \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\n\n    \n        Require all granted\n        AllowOverride All\n        Options FollowSymLinks MultiViews\n\n        \n            Dav off\n        <\/IfModule>\n    <\/Directory>\n\n    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/error.log\n    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/access.log combined\n<\/VirtualHost><\/code><\/pre>\n
Ctrl+X<\/code>, Y<\/code> ve Enter<\/code> tu\u015flar\u0131na basarak dosyay\u0131 kaydedip kapat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
\u015eimdi bu sanal host yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 etkinle\u015ftirmemiz ve Apache’nin varsay\u0131lan yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rakmam\u0131z gerekiyor (\u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in).<\/p>\n
sudo a2ensite nextcloud.conf\nsudo a2dissite 000-default.conf\nsudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, Nextcloud sanal hostunu etkinle\u015ftirir, varsay\u0131lan siteyi devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131r ve Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131r. Art\u0131k taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan sunucunuzun IP adresine veya alan ad\u0131na giderek Nextcloud kurulum sihirbaz\u0131na eri\u015febilmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
Nextcloud Web Aray\u00fcz\u00fcnden Kurulum<\/h3>\n
T\u00fcm arka plan yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131za g\u00f6re, \u015fimdi bir web taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 kullanarak Nextcloud kurulumunu bitirebiliriz.<\/p>\n
Web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n ve sunucunuzun IP adresini veya yap\u0131land\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z alan ad\u0131n\u0131 girin (\u00f6rne\u011fin, http:\/\/your_domain.com<\/code>). Nextcloud kurulum sihirbaz\u0131 sizi kar\u015f\u0131layacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1.  Y\u00f6netici Hesab\u0131 Olu\u015fturma:<\/strong> \u0130lk olarak, Nextcloud i\u00e7in bir y\u00f6netici kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre belirleyin. Bu hesap, Nextcloud’unuzu y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.
\n2.  Veri Klas\u00f6r\u00fc:<\/strong> Nextcloud, kullan\u0131c\u0131 dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 depolamak i\u00e7in bir “veri klas\u00f6r\u00fc”ne ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Varsay\u0131lan olarak, bu klas\u00f6r \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/data<\/code> olarak ayarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcvenlik ve performans nedenleriyle, bu klas\u00f6r\u00fcn web k\u00f6k dizininin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, \u00f6rne\u011fin \/mnt\/nextcloud_data<\/code> gibi bir konumda olmas\u0131 tavsiye edilir. Ancak, bu rehber i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan konumu kullanabiliriz. E\u011fer farkl\u0131 bir konum belirleyecekseniz, o klas\u00f6r\u00fc \u00f6nceden olu\u015fturmal\u0131 ve www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na gerekli izinleri vermelisiniz (sudo mkdir \/mnt\/nextcloud_data && sudo chown www-data:www-data \/mnt\/nextcloud_data<\/code>).
\n3.  Veritaban\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/strong> “Depolama ve veritaban\u0131” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, “MySQL\/MariaDB” se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in.
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131:<\/strong> nextcloud_user<\/code> (daha \u00f6nce olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131)
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 \u015fifresi:<\/strong> guclu_sifre<\/code> (daha \u00f6nce belirledi\u011finiz \u015fifre)
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 ad\u0131:<\/strong> nextcloud_db<\/code> (daha \u00f6nce olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz veritaban\u0131 ad\u0131)
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 sunucusu:<\/strong> localhost<\/code> (veya localhost:port<\/code> e\u011fer farkl\u0131 bir port kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, ancak varsay\u0131lan olarak localhost<\/code> yeterlidir)<\/p>\n
T\u00fcm bilgileri girdikten sonra, “Kurulumu Bitir” d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n. Nextcloud, gerekli tablolar\u0131 olu\u015fturacak ve kurulumu tamamlayacakt\u0131r. Bu i\u015flem birka\u00e7 dakika s\u00fcrebilir. Kurulum tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Nextcloud kontrol panelinize y\u00f6nlendirileceksiniz.<\/p>\n
Nextcloud G\u00fcvenlik ve Performans \u0130yile\u015ftirmeleri<\/h3>\n
Nextcloud kurulumunuz art\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor olsa da, onu daha g\u00fcvenli ve performansl\u0131 hale getirmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ek yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar yapman\u0131z \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
HTTPS Kurulumu (Let’s Encrypt ile)<\/h4>\n
Nextcloud, hassas verileri i\u015fledi\u011fi i\u00e7in HTTPS kullanmak zorunludur. Let’s Encrypt, \u00fccretsiz SSL\/TLS sertifikalar\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir hizmettir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelikle Certbot’u y\u00fckleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo apt install certbot python-certbot-apache -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ard\u0131ndan, alan ad\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in bir SSL sertifikas\u0131 al\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo certbot --apache -d your_domain.com<\/code><\/pre>\n
Certbot, Apache yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncelleyecek ve bir HTTPS sanal hostu olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. \u0130\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda e-posta adresinizi girmeniz ve hizmet \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmeniz istenecektir. Ayr\u0131ca, HTTP trafi\u011fini HTTPS’e y\u00f6nlendirmek isteyip istemedi\u011finiz sorulacakt\u0131r; 2<\/code> se\u00e7ene\u011fini (Redirect) se\u00e7mek genellikle en iyi uygulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Certbot, sertifikalar\u0131n otomatik olarak yenilenmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in bir cron i\u015fi de olu\u015fturur. Yenilemenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo certbot renew --dry-run<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bellek \u00d6nbellekleme (Memory Caching)<\/h4>\n
Nextcloud’un performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bellek \u00f6nbellekleme kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir. APCu veya Redis gibi \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler kullan\u0131labilir. Ubuntu 16.04 i\u00e7in PHP 7.0 ile APCu genellikle iyi bir se\u00e7imdir.<\/p>\n
APCu’yu y\u00fckleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo apt install php-apcu -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulumdan sonra, Nextcloud’un config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131na \u00f6nbellekleme ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 eklemeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/config\/config.php<\/code><\/pre>\n
'dbpassword'<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131ndan sonra veya dosyan\u0131n sonuna a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131rlar\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n
'memcache.local' => '\\OC\\Memcache\\APCu',\n  'memcache.locking' => '\\OC\\Memcache\\APCu',<\/code><\/pre>\n
Dosyay\u0131 kaydedip kapat\u0131n ve Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
Cron \u0130\u015fleri<\/h4>\n
Nextcloud, arka plan g\u00f6revlerini (\u00f6rne\u011fin, dosya senkronizasyonu, bildirimler, \u00e7\u00f6p kutusu temizli\u011fi) d\u00fczenli olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir cron i\u015fine ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Varsay\u0131lan olarak AJAX kullan\u0131l\u0131r, ancak bu, sunucuyu gereksiz yere yorar ve b\u00fcy\u00fck Nextcloud kurulumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in uygun de\u011fildir. Sistemin cron i\u015fini kullanmak daha verimlidir.<\/p>\n
www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in bir cron i\u015fi olu\u015ftural\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo -u www-data crontab -e<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u00e7\u0131lan edit\u00f6re a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n
\/5 <\/em>  <\/em> * php -f \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/cron.php<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu, cron.php<\/code> beti\u011fini her 5 dakikada bir www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. Dosyay\u0131 kaydedip kapat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Ard\u0131ndan, Nextcloud’un web aray\u00fcz\u00fcne (Y\u00f6netici Ayarlar\u0131 -> Temel Ayarlar) gidin ve “Arka plan g\u00f6revleri” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde “Cron” se\u00e7ene\u011fini i\u015faretleyin.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik Uyar\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h4>\n
Nextcloud’un y\u00f6netici panelinde (Ayarlar -> Genel -> G\u00fcvenlik ve Kurulum Uyar\u0131lar\u0131) genellikle \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fcvenlik ve yap\u0131land\u0131rma uyar\u0131lar\u0131 bulunur. Bunlar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ele alal\u0131m:<\/p>\n
1.  “Trusted domains” uyar\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Nextcloud’a eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z alan ad\u0131n\u0131 veya IP adresini config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131ndaki trusted_domains<\/code> listesine eklemeniz gerekir.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/var\/www\/html\/nextcloud\/config\/config.php<\/code><\/pre>\n
    trusted_domains<\/code> dizisine alan ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n
'trusted_domains' =>\n      array (\n        0 => 'localhost', \/\/ Sadece test i\u00e7in, \u00fcretimde kald\u0131r\u0131n\n        1 => 'your_domain.com', \/\/ Kendi alan ad\u0131n\u0131z veya IP adresiniz\n      ),<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.  PHP OPcache uyar\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> PHP OPcache, PHP betiklerinin performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131ran bir mod\u00fcld\u00fcr. Genellikle PHP kurulumuyla birlikte gelir ancak etkinle\u015ftirilmesi gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/php\/7.0\/apache2\/php.ini<\/code><\/pre>\n
    [opcache]<\/code> b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc bulun veya ekleyin ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131rlar\u0131 ekleyin\/d\u00fczenleyin:<\/p>\n
opcache.enable=1\n    opcache.enable_cli=1\n    opcache.interned_strings_buffer=8\n    opcache.max_accelerated_files=10000\n    opcache.memory_consumption=128\n    opcache.save_comments=1\n    opcache.revalidate_freq=1<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Dosyay\u0131 kaydedip kapat\u0131n ve Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.  “Strict-Transport-Security” (HSTS) ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 uyar\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Bu ba\u015fl\u0131k, taray\u0131c\u0131lara sitenize her zaman HTTPS \u00fczerinden ba\u011flanmalar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler ve man-in-the-middle sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flar. Bunu Apache sanal host yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131za eklemelisiniz.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/nextcloud-le-ssl.conf # Certbot taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulan SSL config dosyas\u0131<\/code><\/pre>\n
    <\/code> blo\u011funun i\u00e7ine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n
Header always set Strict-Transport-Security \"max-age=15768000; includeSubDomains; preload\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 kullanmak i\u00e7in headers<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn etkin oldu\u011fundan emin olun (daha \u00f6nce etkinle\u015ftirdik). Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
4.  “Reverse Proxy” uyar\u0131lar\u0131 (E\u011fer bir ters proxy kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z):<\/strong> E\u011fer Nextcloud’u bir ters proxy arkas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsan\u0131z (\u00f6rne\u011fin Nginx veya Cloudflare), Nextcloud’un config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131na overwrite.cli.url<\/code>, overwritehost<\/code>, overwriteprotocol<\/code> gibi ayarlar\u0131 eklemeniz gerekebilir. Bu rehber do\u011frudan Apache kurulumunu ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, bu ad\u0131mlar iste\u011fe ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r ve spesifik proxy yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7 ve Ek Bilgiler<\/h3>\n
Tebrikler! Nextcloud’u Ubuntu 16.04 sunucunuza ba\u015far\u0131yla kurdunuz ve temel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131n\u0131z. Art\u0131k kendi ki\u015fisel bulut depolama ve \u00fcretkenlik platformunuza sahipsiniz. Nextcloud, dosya senkronizasyonu ve payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan takvim, ki\u015filer, e-posta, notlar ve hatta \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i belge d\u00fczenlemeye kadar bir\u00e7ok \u00f6zellikle birlikte gelir. Mobil ve masa\u00fcst\u00fc istemcileri sayesinde, dosyalar\u0131n\u0131za her yerden eri\u015febilir ve senkronize edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Nextcloud \u00d6zellikleri:<\/strong>
\n*   Dosya Senkronizasyonu ve Payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131:<\/strong> T\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131n\u0131zda dosyalar\u0131n\u0131za eri\u015fin ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla kolayca payla\u015f\u0131n.
\n*   S\u00fcr\u00fcm Kontrol\u00fc:<\/strong> Dosyalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6nceki s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine geri d\u00f6n\u00fcn.
\n*   Uygulama Ma\u011fazas\u0131:<\/strong> Nextcloud’un i\u015flevselli\u011fini geni\u015fletmek i\u00e7in y\u00fczlerce \u00fccretsiz uygulama mevcuttur (Takvim, Ki\u015filer, Notlar, Talk, Office entegrasyonlar\u0131 vb.).
\n*   G\u00fcvenlik ve Gizlilik:<\/strong> Verileriniz \u00fczerinde tam kontrol, u\u00e7tan uca \u015fifreleme ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6zellikleri.<\/p>\n
Bak\u0131m ve G\u00fcncelleme \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n*   D\u00fczenli Yedeklemeler:<\/strong> Veritaban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ve Nextcloud veri dizininin d\u00fczenli yedeklerini almay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.
\n*   Nextcloud G\u00fcncellemeleri:<\/strong> Nextcloud, yeni \u00f6zellikler ve g\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131 i\u00e7eren d\u00fczenli g\u00fcncellemeler yay\u0131nlar. Y\u00f6netici panelinden veya komut sat\u0131r\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla (Nextcloud’un kendi g\u00fcncelleme arac\u0131 olan occ<\/code> komutunu kullanarak) g\u00fcncellemeleri takip edin.
\n*   Ubuntu G\u00fcncellemeleri:<\/strong> Ubuntu 16.04 i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemelerini d\u00fczenli olarak yap\u0131n (sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade<\/code>).<\/p>\n
\u00d6nemli Not:<\/strong> Ubuntu 16.04 LTS’in standart deste\u011fi Nisan 2021’de sona ermi\u015ftir. Bu, art\u0131k Canonical’dan g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri almad\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir (ancak ESM aboneli\u011fi olanlar i\u00e7in destek devam edebilir). \u00dcretim ortamlar\u0131nda veya hassas verilerle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken, daha yeni ve aktif olarak desteklenen bir Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne (\u00f6rne\u011fin Ubuntu 20.04 LTS veya 22.04 LTS) y\u00fckseltmeniz \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir. Bu rehber, belirli bir versiyon iste\u011fi \u00fczerine haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f olup, g\u00fcncel g\u00fcvenlik pratikleri i\u00e7in daha yeni i\u015fletim sistemleri tercih edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
Bu rehberin, Nextcloud’u kendi sunucunuzda kurma ve yap\u0131land\u0131rma s\u00fcrecinde size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz. Kendi bulutunuzun keyfini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131n!<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Nextcloud’u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131\nGiri\u015f\nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, verilerimizin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, gizlili\u011fi ve eri\u015f","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1468],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-31766","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-ubuntu","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nNextcloud'u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Nextcloud'u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nextcloud'u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 Giri\u015f G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, verilerimizin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, gizlili\u011fi ve eri\u015f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-13T16:41:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"Nextcloud’u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-13T16:41:12+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/\"},\"wordCount\":2683,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Ubuntu\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/nextcloudu-ubuntu-16-04-uzerine-kurulumu-ve-yapilandirmasi\/\",\"name\":\"Nextcloud'u Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerine Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 - 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