{"id":31455,"date":"2025-10-10T04:40:49","date_gmt":"2025-10-10T01:40:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=31455"},"modified":"2025-10-10T04:40:49","modified_gmt":"2025-10-10T01:40:49","slug":"centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/","title":{"rendered":"CentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

CentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber<\/h2>\n

Giri\u015f<\/h2>\n

Ruby, web uygulamalar\u0131ndan sistem otomasyonuna kadar geni\u015f bir yelpazede kullan\u0131lan dinamik, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir programlama dilidir. \u00d6zellikle Ruby on Rails \u00e7at\u0131s\u0131 ile birlikte pop\u00fclerli\u011fi artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Geli\u015ftiricilerin farkl\u0131 projeler i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine ihtiya\u00e7 duymas\u0131, s\u00fcr\u00fcm y\u00f6neticilerinin \u00f6nemini ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. RVM (Ruby Version Manager), bu ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layan en pop\u00fcler ara\u00e7lardan biridir. RVM, tek bir makine \u00fczerinde birden fazla Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ve her s\u00fcr\u00fcm i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 gem setlerini y\u00f6netmenizi sa\u011flar. Bu sayede, farkl\u0131 projelerin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 birbirine kar\u0131\u015fmadan izole bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir.<\/p>\n

Bu makalede, CentOS 6.5 i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerine RVM kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn nas\u0131l kurulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z. CentOS 6.5, eski bir s\u00fcr\u00fcm olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, baz\u0131 kurumsal veya eski sistemlerde hala kullan\u0131mda olabilir ve bu t\u00fcr sistemlerde belirli Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulabilir. Ruby 2.1.0, 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclen ve bir\u00e7ok eski Rails uygulamas\u0131n\u0131n hala kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararl\u0131 bir s\u00fcr\u00fcmd\u00fcr. Bu rehber, hem yeni ba\u015flayanlar hem de deneyimli sistem y\u00f6neticileri i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir kaynak olmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Kurulum s\u00fcrecinde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011finiz olas\u0131 sorunlara ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerine de de\u011finece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Gereksinimler<\/h2>\n

Kuruluma ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6n gereksinimlerin kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olunuz:<\/p>\n

CentOS 6.5 \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi<\/h3>\n

Kurulumu yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir CentOS 6.5 sunucusuna veya sanal makinesine sahip olman\u0131z gerekmektedir. Makalenin odak noktas\u0131 bu spesifik i\u015fletim sistemi s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

Sudo Yetkilerine Sahip Bir Kullan\u0131c\u0131<\/h3>\n

Sisteme SSH \u00fczerinden eri\u015febilen ve sudo<\/code> komutunu kullanarak root yetkileriyle i\u015flem yapabilen bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 hesab\u0131n\u0131z olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile do\u011frudan i\u015flem yapmak yerine sudo<\/code> kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan daha do\u011fru bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/h3>\n

Gerekli paketleri indirmek ve RVM’i kurmak i\u00e7in sunucunuzun aktif bir internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 \u015fartt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Temel Linux Komut Sat\u0131r\u0131 Bilgisi<\/h3>\n

Bu rehberdeki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 uygulayabilmek i\u00e7in temel Linux komutlar\u0131na (\u00f6rn. cd<\/code>, ls<\/code>, mkdir<\/code>, yum<\/code>, sudo<\/code>, curl<\/code>) a\u015fina olman\u0131z beklenmektedir.<\/p>\n

Sistem G\u00fcncellemesi ve Temel Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n Kurulumu<\/h2>\n

Ruby’yi derlemek ve RVM’i sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 sistem ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ve geli\u015ftirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kurulu olmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. \u0130lk ad\u0131m olarak, sisteminizi g\u00fcncelleyip gerekli paketleri kuraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

Sistem G\u00fcncellemesi<\/h3>\n

Sisteminizdeki mevcut paketleri en g\u00fcncel s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine y\u00fckseltmek, olas\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyecektir.<\/p>\n

sudo yum update -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, t\u00fcm y\u00fckl\u00fc paketleri g\u00fcnceller ve -y<\/code> parametresi, onay gerektiren t\u00fcm sorular\u0131 otomatik olarak “evet” olarak yan\u0131tlar.<\/p>\n
Gerekli Geli\u015ftirme Ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve K\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Ruby’nin kaynak koddan derlenebilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli geli\u015ftirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131na ve k\u00fct\u00fcphanelere ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komut, bu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu kuracakt\u0131r:<\/p>\n
sudo yum install -y gcc-c++ patch readline readline-devel zlib zlib-devel \\\nopenssl-devel libyaml-devel libffi-devel iconv-devel \\\ngdbm-devel ncurses-devel git curl<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu paketlerin her birinin ne i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131na k\u0131saca de\u011finelim:
\n*   gcc-c++<\/code>: C ve C++ derleyicisi. Ruby’nin derlenmesi i\u00e7in temel gereksinimdir.
\n*   patch<\/code>: Kaynak kodlara yama uygulamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n*   readline<\/code> ve readline-devel<\/code>: Ruby’nin etkile\u015fimli kabu\u011funda (IRB) komut ge\u00e7mi\u015fi ve d\u00fczenleme \u00f6zellikleri i\u00e7in gereklidir. readline-devel<\/code> paketi, readline<\/code> k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir.
\n*   zlib<\/code> ve zlib-devel<\/code>: S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma\/a\u00e7ma i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ruby’nin baz\u0131 k\u00fct\u00fcphaneleri ve gem’leri i\u00e7in gereklidir.
\n*   openssl-devel<\/code>: SSL\/TLS \u015fifreleme protokolleri i\u00e7in gerekli geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Ruby’nin HTTPS \u00fczerinden ileti\u015fim kurabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir.
\n*   libyaml-devel<\/code>: YAML (YAML Ain’t Markup Language) ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131. Ruby’nin YAML dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 okuyabilmesi i\u00e7in gereklidir.
\n*   libffi-devel<\/code>: Foreign Function Interface k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131. Ruby’nin C k\u00fct\u00fcphaneleriyle etkile\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\n*   iconv-devel<\/code>: Karakter seti d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131.
\n*   gdbm-devel<\/code>: GNU DBM (Database Manager) k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinin geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131.
\n*   ncurses-devel<\/code>: Terminal tabanl\u0131 uygulamalar i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirme k\u00fct\u00fcphaneleri.
\n*   git<\/code>: RVM’in kendisi ve baz\u0131 Ruby projeleri i\u00e7in kaynak kontrol sistemi.
\n*   curl<\/code>: RVM kurulum beti\u011fini indirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu paketlerin kurulumu, Ruby’nin derlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda olu\u015fabilecek bir\u00e7ok hatay\u0131 engelleyecektir.<\/p>\n
RVM Kurulumu<\/h2>\n
Gerekli sistem ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 kurulduktan sonra, RVM’i kurmaya ge\u00e7ebiliriz. RVM kurulumu genellikle birka\u00e7 basit ad\u0131mdan olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n
GPG Anahtar\u0131n\u0131 \u0130\u00e7e Aktarma<\/h3>\n
RVM kurulum beti\u011finin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in, RVM geli\u015ftiricilerinin GPG anahtar\u0131n\u0131 sisteminize aktarman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir. Bu, indirilen beti\u011fin ger\u00e7ekten RVM ekibinden geldi\u011fini ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilmedi\u011fini garanti eder.<\/p>\n
gpg --keyserver hkp:\/\/keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, belirtilen GPG anahtar\u0131n\u0131 keys.gnupg.net<\/code> sunucusundan al\u0131r ve yerel GPG anahtar halkas\u0131na ekler. E\u011fer bu ad\u0131mda bir hata al\u0131rsan\u0131z, internet ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 veya GPG anahtar sunucusuna eri\u015fiminizi kontrol edin.<\/p>\n
RVM Y\u00fckleme Komutu<\/h3>\n
GPG anahtar\u0131 i\u00e7e aktar\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, RVM’i y\u00fcklemek i\u00e7in curl<\/code> komutunu kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
curl -sSL https:\/\/get.rvm.io | bash -s stable<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutun detaylar\u0131:
\n*   curl -sSL https:\/\/get.rvm.io<\/code>: RVM kurulum beti\u011fini get.rvm.io<\/code> adresinden indirir.
\n    *   -s<\/code>: Sessiz mod (ilerleme \u00e7ubu\u011funu ve hata mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 gizler).
\n    *   -S<\/code>: Hata durumunda hata mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir (sessiz mod ile birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda).
\n    *   -L<\/code>: Y\u00f6nlendirmeleri takip eder.
\n*   | bash -s stable<\/code>: \u0130ndirilen beti\u011fi bash<\/code> yorumlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve RVM’in “stable” (kararl\u0131) s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kurmas\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler.
\n    *   Daha \u00f6nce curl -sSL https:\/\/get.rvm.io | bash -s stable --ruby<\/code> komutu kullan\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131, ancak belirli bir Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kurmak istedi\u011fimiz i\u00e7in RVM’i \u00f6nce tek ba\u015f\u0131na kurup sonra Ruby’yi ayr\u0131 olarak kurmak daha esnek bir yakla\u015f\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, RVM’in ba\u015far\u0131yla y\u00fcklendi\u011fine dair bir mesaj g\u00f6receksiniz. Bu i\u015flem, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ana dizininde (~\/.rvm<\/code>) RVM dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n
RVM Ortam\u0131n\u0131 Y\u00fckleme<\/h3>\n
RVM kurulduktan sonra, kabu\u011funuzun (shell) RVM komutlar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131yabilmesi i\u00e7in RVM ortam\u0131n\u0131 y\u00fcklemeniz gerekir. Bu genellikle bir source<\/code> komutu ile yap\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
source \/etc\/profile.d\/rvm.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n
veya<\/p>\n
source ~\/.rvm\/scripts\/rvm<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlardan birini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, RVM komutlar\u0131 kabu\u011funuzda kullan\u0131labilir hale gelecektir. Bu komutu her yeni terminal oturumunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmamak i\u00e7in, RVM kurulumu genellikle kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n .bashrc<\/code> veya .bash_profile<\/code> dosyas\u0131na gerekli sat\u0131rlar\u0131 ekler. Bu nedenle, genellikle terminali kapat\u0131p yeniden a\u00e7mak veya yeni bir terminal oturumu ba\u015flatmak da yeterli olabilir.<\/p>\n
RVM Kurulumunu Do\u011frulama<\/h3>\n
RVM’in do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kurulup kurulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sorgulayabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
rvm -v<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, RVM’in kurulu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6stermelidir (\u00f6rn. rvm 1.29.12 (latest) by Michal Papis, Piotr Kuczynski [https:\/\/rvm.io]<\/code>). E\u011fer bir hata al\u0131rsan\u0131z, source<\/code> komutunu do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan veya terminali yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.<\/p>\n
Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu<\/h2>\n
RVM ba\u015far\u0131yla kurulduktan sonra, art\u0131k belirli Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc, yani Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131 kurmaya haz\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Gerekli Ruby Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Kontrol Etme<\/h3>\n
RVM, bir Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kurmadan \u00f6nce gerekli sistem ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmenizi sa\u011flayan kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir komuta sahiptir. Bu komut, hen\u00fcz y\u00fcklenmemi\u015f olabilecek ek ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 size bildirebilir.<\/p>\n
rvm requirements<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, Ruby’yi derlemek i\u00e7in gerekli olan k\u00fct\u00fcphanelerin bir listesini ve bunlar\u0131n nas\u0131l kurulaca\u011f\u0131na dair talimatlar\u0131 g\u00f6sterecektir. E\u011fer daha \u00f6nce t\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 kurduysan\u0131z, “All requirements met.” (T\u00fcm gereksinimler kar\u015f\u0131land\u0131) benzeri bir mesaj g\u00f6rmelisiniz. Aksi takdirde, eksik olan paketleri sudo yum install<\/code> komutuyla y\u00fcklemeniz gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
Ruby 2.1.0 S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Y\u00fckleme<\/h3>\n
\u015eimdi Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131 RVM arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla y\u00fckleyebiliriz. RVM, Ruby’nin kaynak kodunu indirir, derler ve kendi y\u00f6netti\u011fi dizine kurar.<\/p>\n
rvm install 2.1.0<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 biraz zaman alabilir (genellikle 5-15 dakika, sunucunun performans\u0131na ve internet ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak). RVM, Ruby’yi derlerken ilerlemeyi terminalde g\u00f6sterecektir. Derleme i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda herhangi bir hata olu\u015fursa, genellikle eksik bir ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k veya derleyici sorunundan kaynaklan\u0131r. Bu durumda, hata mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatlice okuyarak sorunu te\u015fhis etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Kurulum ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, RVM size Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131n ba\u015far\u0131yla kuruldu\u011funu bildiren bir mesaj g\u00f6sterecektir.<\/p>\n
Y\u00fckl\u00fc Ruby S\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini Listeleme<\/h3>\n
Sisteminizde RVM taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
rvm list<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, y\u00fckl\u00fc Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini ve \u015fu anda hangi s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 (genellikle =><\/code> i\u015fareti ile belirtilir) listeleyecektir. Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131n listede yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
Ruby 2.1.0 S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc Varsay\u0131lan Olarak Ayarlama<\/h3>\n
Kurulumdan sonra, RVM genellikle yeni kurulan Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc otomatik olarak o oturum i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ma sokar. Ancak, her yeni terminal oturumu a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131n otomatik olarak se\u00e7ilmesini sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in onu varsay\u0131lan s\u00fcr\u00fcm olarak ayarlaman\u0131z gerekir:<\/p>\n
rvm use 2.1.0 --default<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131 mevcut oturumunuz i\u00e7in etkinle\u015ftirir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda onu RVM’in varsay\u0131lan Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc olarak ayarlar. B\u00f6ylece, bir sonraki terminal oturumunuzda otomatik olarak Ruby 2.1.0 kullan\u0131lacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ruby Kurulumunu Do\u011frulama<\/h3>\n
Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131n do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde kuruldu\u011funu ve varsay\u0131lan olarak ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
ruby -v<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, ruby 2.1.0p0 (2014-01-09 revision 44790) [x86_64-linux]<\/code> benzeri bir \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 vermelidir.<\/p>\n
which ruby<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, kullan\u0131lan ruby<\/code> y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilir dosyas\u0131n\u0131n yolunu g\u00f6stermelidir. RVM ile y\u00fcklendi\u011fi i\u00e7in yol ~\/.rvm\/rubies\/ruby-2.1.0\/bin\/ruby<\/code> benzeri bir \u015fey olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
gem env<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, RubyGems ortam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda detayl\u0131 bilgi verir. RUBY VERSION<\/code> alan\u0131nda 2.1.0’\u0131 ve GEM PATHS<\/code> alan\u0131nda RVM taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilen dizinleri g\u00f6rmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
Gemset Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n
RVM’in en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u00f6zelliklerinden biri, her Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 “gemset”ler olu\u015fturabilmesidir. Bir gemset, belirli bir Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc alt\u0131nda y\u00fckl\u00fc olan gem’lerin izole bir koleksiyonudur. Bu, farkl\u0131 projelerinizin farkl\u0131 gem ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n birbirini etkilememesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Gemset Nedir?<\/h3>\n
Diyelim ki bir projeniz Rails 3 kullan\u0131yor ve Ruby 2.1.0 gerektiriyor. Ba\u015fka bir projeniz ise Rails 4 kullan\u0131yor ve yine Ruby 2.1.0 \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Bu iki proje farkl\u0131 Rails s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, ayn\u0131 Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc alt\u0131nda farkl\u0131 Rails gem’lerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyacakt\u0131r. Gemsetler sayesinde, her projeye kendi gem’lerini bar\u0131nd\u0131ran ayr\u0131 bir ortam sa\u011flayabilirsiniz. Bu, “gem hell” olarak bilinen ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n
Yeni Bir Gemset Olu\u015fturma<\/h3>\n
Mevcut Ruby 2.1.0 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz i\u00e7in yeni bir gemset olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
rvm gemset create my_project_name<\/code><\/pre>\n
my_project_name<\/code> yerine projenizin ad\u0131n\u0131 veya tan\u0131mlay\u0131c\u0131 bir isim kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir Rails uygulaman\u0131z varsa rvm gemset create myapp_rails3<\/code> gibi bir isim verebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Gemseti Kullanma<\/h3>\n
Olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz gemseti kullanmak i\u00e7in Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc ile birlikte gemset ad\u0131n\u0131 belirtmeniz gerekir:<\/p>\n
rvm use 2.1.0@my_project_name<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, kabu\u011funuzu Ruby 2.1.0 ve my_project_name<\/code> gemseti ortam\u0131na ge\u00e7irir. Bu ortamda y\u00fckleyece\u011finiz t\u00fcm gem’ler, bu gemsetin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirilecektir. gem list<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak bu gemsette y\u00fckl\u00fc olan gem’leri g\u00f6rebilirsiniz (ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta sadece varsay\u0131lan gem’ler olacakt\u0131r).<\/p>\n
Gemsetler Aras\u0131nda Ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/h3>\n
Farkl\u0131 projeler \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken gemsetler aras\u0131nda kolayca ge\u00e7i\u015f yapabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
rvm use 2.1.0@another_project<\/code><\/pre>\n
Varsay\u0131lan gemsete geri d\u00f6nmek i\u00e7in sadece Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc belirtmeniz yeterlidir:<\/p>\n
rvm use 2.1.0<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, 2.1.0<\/code> s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn varsay\u0131lan gemsetine (genellikle @global<\/code> veya adland\u0131r\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f bir gemset) geri d\u00f6ner.<\/p>\n
Gemset Silme<\/h3>\n
Bir gemseti art\u0131k kullanm\u0131yorsan\u0131z, onu silebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
rvm gemset delete my_project_name<\/code><\/pre>\n
Dikkat:<\/strong> Bu komut, gemset i\u00e7indeki t\u00fcm gem’leri kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak silecektir. Silmeden \u00f6nce yedekleme yapman\u0131z veya \u00f6nemli bir veri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olman\u0131z tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n
Sorun Giderme ve Yayg\u0131n Hatalar<\/h2>\n
Kurulum s\u00fcrecinde veya sonras\u0131nda baz\u0131 sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirsiniz. \u0130\u015fte yayg\u0131n sorunlar ve olas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri:<\/p>\n
Derleme Hatalar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131 rvm install 2.1.0<\/code> komutuyla kurarken derleme hatalar\u0131 al\u0131yorsan\u0131z:
\n*   Eksik Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar:<\/strong> En yayg\u0131n nedenlerden biridir. rvm requirements<\/code> komutunu tekrar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve eksik olan herhangi bir paketi sudo yum install<\/code> ile kurun. \u00d6zellikle openssl-devel<\/code>, readline-devel<\/code>, zlib-devel<\/code>, libyaml-devel<\/code> gibi paketlerin kurulu oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n*   openssl<\/code> veya readline<\/code> ile \u0130lgili Sorunlar:<\/strong> CentOS 6.5’teki varsay\u0131lan openssl<\/code> veya readline<\/code> s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri bazen Ruby’nin daha yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcmleriyle (veya RVM’in derleme mekanizmas\u0131yla) \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fabilir. Gerekirse bu paketleri g\u00fcncellemeyi veya RVM’in kendi ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k y\u00f6netimi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmay\u0131 deneyin.
\n*   Eski gcc<\/code> S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc:<\/strong> CentOS 6.5’teki varsay\u0131lan gcc<\/code> s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc Ruby 2.1.0 i\u00e7in yeterli olsa da, daha yeni Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri i\u00e7in sorun olabilir. E\u011fer daha yeni bir gcc<\/code> s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olursa, CentOS’ta devtoolset<\/code> gibi ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullanarak daha yeni derleyici setlerini kurabilirsiniz. Ancak Ruby 2.1.0 i\u00e7in bu genellikle gerekli de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n
PATH Sorunlar\u0131<\/h3>\n
rvm<\/code>, ruby<\/code>, gem<\/code> gibi komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda “command not found” (komut bulunamad\u0131) hatas\u0131 al\u0131yorsan\u0131z:
\n*   source<\/code> Komutunun Unutulmas\u0131:<\/strong> RVM’i kurduktan sonra source \/etc\/profile.d\/rvm.sh<\/code> veya source ~\/.rvm\/scripts\/rvm<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 unutmu\u015f olabilirsiniz. Mevcut terminal oturumunuzda bu komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.
\n*   Kal\u0131c\u0131 PATH Ayar\u0131:<\/strong> E\u011fer terminali kapat\u0131p a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda sorun devam ediyorsa, RVM’in PATH ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n .bashrc<\/code> veya .bash_profile<\/code> dosyan\u0131za do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde eklendi\u011finden emin olun. RVM kurulumu genellikle bu dosyalar\u0131 otomatik olarak g\u00fcnceller, ancak bazen manuel m\u00fcdahale gerekebilir. Dosyan\u0131n sonunda [[ -s \"$HOME\/.rvm\/scripts\/rvm\" ]] && source \"$HOME\/.rvm\/scripts\/rvm\"<\/code> benzeri bir sat\u0131r olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
RVM Y\u00fckleme Hatalar\u0131<\/h3>\n
curl -sSL https:\/\/get.rvm.io | bash -s stable<\/code> komutu s\u0131ras\u0131nda hata al\u0131yorsan\u0131z:
\n*   GPG Anahtar\u0131 Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong> GPG anahtar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde i\u00e7e aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun. Anahtar sunucusuna eri\u015fim sorunlar\u0131 olabilir.
\n*   \u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Sunucunuzun aktif bir internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fundan emin olun. ping google.com<\/code> gibi bir komutla ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 test edebilirsiniz.
\n*   curl<\/code> Paketi Eksik:<\/strong> curl<\/code> paketinin y\u00fckl\u00fc oldu\u011fundan emin olun (sudo yum install curl<\/code>).<\/p>\n
Ruby 2.1.0’dan Sonraki Ad\u0131mlar<\/h2>\n
Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131 RVM ile ba\u015far\u0131yla kurduktan sonra, bu ortam\u0131 kullanarak \u00e7e\u015fitli geli\u015ftirmeler yapmaya ba\u015flayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Rails Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
E\u011fer amac\u0131n\u0131z Ruby on Rails uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmekse, Ruby 2.1.0 ortam\u0131nda Rails’i kurabilirsiniz. Ruby 2.1.0, Rails’in 4.x ve hatta baz\u0131 3.x s\u00fcr\u00fcmleriyle uyumludur.<\/p>\n
gem install rails -v 4.2.11 # Veya ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olan ba\u015fka bir Rails s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, belirtilen Rails s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc mevcut gemsetinize y\u00fckleyecektir.<\/p>\n
Gerekli Gem’lerin Y\u00fcklenmesi<\/h3>\n
Mevcut bir Ruby projeniz varsa, projenin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 bundler<\/code> kullanarak y\u00fckleyebilirsiniz. \u00d6ncelikle bundler<\/code> gem’ini kurman\u0131z gerekir:<\/p>\n
gem install bundler<\/code><\/pre>\n
Daha sonra, projenizin k\u00f6k dizininde bundle install<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak Gemfile<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda belirtilen t\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 y\u00fckleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
cd \/path\/to\/your\/project\nbundle install<\/code><\/pre>\n
Uygulama Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n
Ruby 2.1.0 ve Rails (varsa) kurulu oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bu ortamda geli\u015ftirebilir ve da\u011f\u0131tabilirsiniz. Bir web sunucusu (Nginx veya Apache) ve bir uygulama sunucusu (Puma, Unicorn veya Passenger) kullanarak Rails uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 canl\u0131ya alabilirsiniz. Bu ad\u0131mlar, bu makalenin kapsam\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmakla birlikte, Ruby kurulumunuzun bir sonraki a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n
Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehberde, CentOS 6.5 i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerine RVM kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn nas\u0131l kurulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m \u00f6\u011frendiniz. RVM, farkl\u0131 Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini ve gemsetlerini y\u00f6netme yetene\u011fi sayesinde geli\u015ftiricilere b\u00fcy\u00fck esneklik sa\u011flar. Eski sistemlerde belirli Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 projeleri y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta sistem ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n kurulmas\u0131ndan, RVM’in y\u00fcklenmesine, Ruby 2.1.0’\u0131n derlenmesine ve varsay\u0131lan olarak ayarlanmas\u0131na kadar her ad\u0131m\u0131 detayl\u0131ca ele ald\u0131k. Ayr\u0131ca, gemsetlerin ne i\u015fe yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendiniz, bu da projelerinizin ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 temiz ve izole tutman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011finiz yayg\u0131n sorunlara ve bunlar\u0131n nas\u0131l giderilece\u011fine dair ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 da verdik.<\/p>\n
Art\u0131k CentOS 6.5 sunucunuzda Ruby 2.1.0 ortam\u0131n\u0131z haz\u0131r ve Ruby tabanl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 geli\u015ftirmeye veya mevcut uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya ba\u015flayabilirsiniz. RVM’in g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc kullanarak, gelecekte farkl\u0131 Ruby s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine ge\u00e7i\u015f yapman\u0131z gerekti\u011finde bile esnekli\u011finizi koruyacaks\u0131n\u0131z. Unutmay\u0131n, iyi bir geli\u015ftirme ortam\u0131 olu\u015fturmak, verimli ve sorunsuz bir geli\u015ftirme s\u00fcreci i\u00e7in temel ad\u0131md\u0131r.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"CentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber\nGiri\u015f\nRuby, web uygulamalar\u0131ndan sistem otomasyonuna kadar gen","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[241],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-31455","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-linux","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nCentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber Giri\u015f Ruby, web uygulamalar\u0131ndan sistem otomasyonuna kadar gen\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-10T01:40:49+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"15 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"CentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-10T01:40:49+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/\"},\"wordCount\":2726,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Linux\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-5-uzerine-rvm-kullanarak-ruby-2-1-0-kurulumu-adim-adim-kapsamli-rehber\/\",\"name\":\"CentOS 6.5 \u00dczerine RVM Kullanarak Ruby 2.1.0 Kurulumu: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Kapsaml\u0131 Rehber - 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