{"id":31307,"date":"2025-10-08T12:41:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-08T09:41:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=31307"},"modified":"2025-10-08T12:41:06","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T09:41:06","slug":"glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"Glassfish 4.0’\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Glassfish 4.0’\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi<\/h2>\n

Glassfish, Oracle taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve Java EE (Enterprise Edition) platformu i\u00e7in referans uygulama sunucusu olarak hizmet veren a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir uygulama sunucusudur. Geni\u015fletilebilir mimarisi, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u00f6netim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve Java EE standartlar\u0131na tam uyumlulu\u011fu sayesinde, kurumsal d\u00fczeyde Java uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimi i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler bir se\u00e7imdir. Bu makalede, Glassfish’in 4.0 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc, o d\u00f6nemin yayg\u0131n ve kararl\u0131 sunucu i\u015fletim sistemlerinden biri olan Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS (Long Term Support) \u00fczerine ad\u0131m ad\u0131m nas\u0131l kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde anlataca\u011f\u0131z. Bu rehber, hem yeni ba\u015flayanlar hem de deneyimli sistem y\u00f6neticileri i\u00e7in Glassfish’i sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde aya\u011fa kald\u0131rmak amac\u0131yla gerekli t\u00fcm bilgileri sunmay\u0131 hedeflemektedir.<\/p>\n

Glassfish 4.0, Java EE 7 standartlar\u0131n\u0131 tam olarak destekleyen ilk uygulama sunucular\u0131ndan biridir. Java EE 7, WebSocket, JSON-P, Concurrency Utilities ve Batch Applications gibi bir\u00e7ok yeni API ve geli\u015ftirme getirerek modern kurumsal uygulamalar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesini kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS ise, uzun s\u00fcreli destek sunan ve sunucu ortamlar\u0131nda g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f bir i\u015fletim sistemi s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Bu kombinasyon, kararl\u0131 bir altyap\u0131 \u00fczerinde en yeni Java EE \u00f6zelliklerini kullanmak isteyen geli\u015ftiriciler ve sistem y\u00f6neticileri i\u00e7in ideal bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 sunar.<\/p>\n

Bu rehber boyunca, Glassfish’in indirilmesinden ba\u015flayarak, gerekli \u00f6n gereksinimlerin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131, kurulum ad\u0131mlar\u0131, temel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar, bir sistem servisi olarak yap\u0131land\u0131rma ve yayg\u0131n sorun giderme y\u00f6ntemleri dahil olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7leri ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Amac\u0131m\u0131z, Glassfish 4.0’\u0131n Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00fczerinde tam i\u015flevsellikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r hale gelmesini sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Gereksinimler<\/h3>\n

Glassfish 4.0 kurulumuna ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, sisteminizin belirli gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Bu \u00f6n gereksinimler, kurulumun sorunsuz ilerlemesi ve Glassfish’in beklenen performans\u0131 sunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi<\/h4>\n

Bu rehber \u00f6zellikle Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Di\u011fer Ubuntu s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri veya farkl\u0131 Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde de benzer ad\u0131mlar uygulanabilir olsa da, komutlar ve paket isimleri farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterebilir. Sisteminizin g\u00fcncel oldu\u011fundan emin olmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir:<\/p>\n

sudo apt-get update\nsudo apt-get upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, sisteminizdeki paket listelerini g\u00fcnceller ve y\u00fckl\u00fc paketlerin en son s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine y\u00fckseltir.<\/p>\n
Java Development Kit (JDK)<\/h4>\n
Glassfish 4.0, Java EE 7’yi destekledi\u011fi i\u00e7in, Java SE 7 (JDK 7) veya daha yeni bir Java Development Kit (JDK) s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. JDK, Java uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 derlemek ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in gerekli olan t\u00fcm ara\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7erir. OpenJDK veya Oracle JDK kullanabilirsiniz. Bu rehberde, Ubuntu depolar\u0131nda kolayca bulunabilen OpenJDK 7’yi kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelikle, sisteminizde y\u00fckl\u00fc bir Java s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin:<\/p>\n
java -version\njavac -version<\/code><\/pre>\n
E\u011fer Java y\u00fckl\u00fc de\u011filse veya JDK 7’den eski bir s\u00fcr\u00fcmse, OpenJDK 7’yi kurmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu kullan\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo apt-get install openjdk-7-jdk<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, Java s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tekrar kontrol ederek JDK 7’nin do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcklendi\u011finden emin olun.<\/p>\n
JAVA_HOME Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenini Ayarlama<\/h5>\n
Bir\u00e7ok Java tabanl\u0131 uygulama, JAVA_HOME<\/code> ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenini kullanarak Java kurulum dizinini bulur. Glassfish i\u00e7in bu de\u011fi\u015fkeni ayarlamak iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
OpenJDK 7’nin varsay\u0131lan kurulum yolu genellikle \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-7-openjdk-amd64<\/code> (64-bit sistemler i\u00e7in) veya \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-7-openjdk-i386<\/code> (32-bit sistemler i\u00e7in) \u015feklindedir. Do\u011fru yolu bulmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
update-alternatives --config java<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, sisteminizdeki y\u00fckl\u00fc Java s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerini listeler ve size se\u00e7me imkan\u0131 sunar. Se\u00e7ti\u011finiz s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn yolunu not al\u0131n. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-7-openjdk-amd64<\/code>.<\/p>\n
JAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkenini ayarlamak i\u00e7in, \/etc\/environment<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyebilirsiniz. Bu, de\u011fi\u015fkenin sistem genelinde kal\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/environment<\/code><\/pre>\n
Dosyan\u0131n sonuna a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin (kendi JDK yolunuzla de\u011fi\u015ftirin):<\/p>\n
JAVA_HOME=\"\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-7-openjdk-amd64\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydettikten sonra, yeni ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeninin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in oturumu yeniden ba\u015flatman\u0131z veya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekir:<\/p>\n
source \/etc\/environment<\/code><\/pre>\n
JAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkeninin do\u011fru ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
echo $JAVA_HOME<\/code><\/pre>\n
Sistem Kaynaklar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Glassfish 4.0, \u00f6zellikle Java EE uygulamalar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda belirli miktarda sistem kayna\u011f\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. Minimum gereksinimler genellikle 1 GB RAM ve 1 CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi olsa da, \u00fcretim ortamlar\u0131 veya yo\u011fun uygulamalar i\u00e7in daha fazla RAM (\u00f6rne\u011fin 2-4 GB) ve daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir i\u015flemci \u00f6nerilir. Disk alan\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, Glassfish kurulumu yakla\u015f\u0131k 200-300 MB yer kaplar, ancak da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lacak uygulamalar ve log dosyalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ek alan gerekecektir.<\/p>\n
\u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 ve Sudo Yetkileri<\/h4>\n
Kurulum dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 indirmek ve paketleri kurmak i\u00e7in aktif bir internet ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca, sistemde de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapmak i\u00e7in sudo<\/code> yetkilerine sahip bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olarak oturum a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f olman\u0131z veya root<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olman\u0131z gerekmektedir. G\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle, root<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 yerine sudo<\/code> yetkilerine sahip standart bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n
Glassfish 4.0’\u0131 \u0130ndirme<\/h3>\n
Glassfish 4.0’\u0131n kurulum dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 Oracle’\u0131n resmi web sitesinden indirmeniz gerekmektedir. Ancak, eski s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerin do\u011frudan indirme ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak zaman zaman zor olabilir. Genellikle, Oracle Technology Network (OTN) ar\u015fivlerinde veya \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fcvenilir kaynaklardan bulabilirsiniz. Bu rehber i\u00e7in, Glassfish 4.0’\u0131n zip ar\u015fivini do\u011frudan indirme y\u00f6ntemini kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Glassfish’i indirmek i\u00e7in genellikle bir Oracle hesab\u0131 gerekebilir. E\u011fer do\u011frudan indirme ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bulamazsan\u0131z, arama motorlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak “Glassfish 4.0 download archive” gibi anahtar kelimelerle arama yapabilirsiniz. Varsay\u0131msal olarak, indirme ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n http:\/\/download.oracle.com\/glassfish\/4.0\/release\/glassfish-4.0.zip<\/code> oldu\u011funu varsayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
\u0130ndirme i\u015flemini, sunucunuzda \/opt<\/code> dizini gibi genellikle \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc taraf yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n kuruldu\u011fu bir dizinde yapman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n
cd \/opt\nsudo wget http:\/\/download.oracle.com\/glassfish\/4.0\/release\/glassfish-4.0.zip<\/code><\/pre>\n
wget<\/code> komutu, belirtilen URL’den dosyay\u0131 indirir. \u0130ndirme s\u00fcresi internet ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fecektir.<\/p>\n
Glassfish 4.0’\u0131 Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Glassfish’in kurulumu, indirilen zip ar\u015fivini uygun bir konuma a\u00e7maktan ibarettir. Geleneksel olarak, uygulama sunucular\u0131 \/opt<\/code> veya \/usr\/local<\/code> dizinlerine kurulur. Biz \/opt<\/code> dizinini kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Ar\u015fivi \u00c7\u0131kartma<\/h4>\n
\u0130ndirilen glassfish-4.0.zip<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 \/opt<\/code> dizinine \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo unzip glassfish-4.0.zip<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, glassfish4<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir dizin olu\u015fturacak ve t\u00fcm Glassfish dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 bu dizinin i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftirecektir.<\/p>\n
Dizin \u0130zinlerini Ayarlama<\/h4>\n
G\u00fcvenlik ve y\u00f6netim kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, Glassfish’i root<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 yerine \u00f6zel bir sistem kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak en iyi uygulamad\u0131r. Bu kullan\u0131c\u0131ya Glassfish dizini \u00fczerinde uygun izinler vermeniz gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, glassfish<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve grup olu\u015ftural\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo groupadd glassfish\nsudo useradd -s \/sbin\/nologin -g glassfish glassfish<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, glassfish<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir grup ve bu gruba ait, sisteme giri\u015f yapma yetkisi olmayan glassfish<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015fturur. \u015eimdi, Glassfish kurulum dizininin sahipli\u011fini bu kullan\u0131c\u0131ya verelim:<\/p>\n
sudo chown -R glassfish:glassfish \/opt\/glassfish4<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, \/opt\/glassfish4<\/code> dizini ve alt\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm dosya ve dizinlerin sahipli\u011fini glassfish<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ve glassfish<\/code> grubuna atar.<\/p>\n
Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenleri (\u0130ste\u011fe Ba\u011fl\u0131 ama \u00d6nerilir)<\/h4>\n
GLASSFISH_HOME<\/code> gibi bir ortam de\u011fi\u015fkeni ayarlamak, Glassfish’in ana dizinine kolayca referans vermenizi sa\u011flar. Bu de\u011fi\u015fkeni, JAVA_HOME<\/code> gibi, \/etc\/environment<\/code> dosyas\u0131na ekleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/environment<\/code><\/pre>\n
Dosyan\u0131n sonuna a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n
GLASSFISH_HOME=\"\/opt\/glassfish4\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kaydedin ve \u00e7\u0131k\u0131n. De\u011fi\u015fikliklerin ge\u00e7erli olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
source \/etc\/environment<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu de\u011fi\u015fkeni kullanarak, Glassfish komutlar\u0131na daha kolay eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in PATH<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkenine Glassfish’in bin<\/code> dizinini de ekleyebilirsiniz. Ancak, genellikle asadmin<\/code> komutlar\u0131n\u0131 tam yolla veya servis betikleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak daha yayg\u0131nd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Temel Yap\u0131land\u0131rma ve \u0130lk \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma<\/h3>\n
Glassfish’i kurduktan sonra, onu ilk kez ba\u015flatmadan \u00f6nce baz\u0131 temel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 yapman\u0131z gerekebilir. \u00d6zellikle y\u00f6netici \u015fifresi belirlemek ve varsay\u0131lan portlar\u0131 bilmek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Y\u00f6netici \u015eifresi Belirleme<\/h4>\n
Glassfish’i ilk ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, y\u00f6netici kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (admin<\/code>) i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan olarak \u015fifre yoktur. G\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle bir \u015fifre belirlemeniz \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir. Bu i\u015flemi Glassfish’in asadmin<\/code> komut sat\u0131r\u0131 arac\u0131yla yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelikle, Glassfish’in ana dizinine gidin:<\/p>\n
cd \/opt\/glassfish4\/glassfish\/bin<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u015eimdi, y\u00f6netici \u015fifresini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in change-admin-password<\/code> komutunu kullan\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo -u glassfish .\/asadmin change-admin-password<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, sizden mevcut y\u00f6netici \u015fifresini (varsay\u0131lan olarak bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131n ve Enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131n) ve ard\u0131ndan yeni y\u00f6netici \u015fifresini iki kez girmenizi isteyecektir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre se\u00e7ti\u011finizden emin olun. sudo -u glassfish<\/code> kullanmak, komutun glassfish<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar ve izin sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n
Domain Ba\u015flatma ve Durdurma<\/h4>\n
Glassfish, “domain” ad\u0131 verilen izole edilmi\u015f uygulama sunucusu ortamlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Varsay\u0131lan olarak, Glassfish domain1<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir domain ile gelir.<\/p>\n
Domain’i ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo -u glassfish \/opt\/glassfish4\/glassfish\/bin\/asadmin start-domain domain1<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ba\u015flatma i\u015flemi birka\u00e7 saniye s\u00fcrebilir. Konsolda “Domain domain1 started.” mesaj\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde, Glassfish \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor demektir.<\/p>\n
Domain’i durdurmak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo -u glassfish \/opt\/glassfish4\/glassfish\/bin\/asadmin stop-domain domain1<\/code><\/pre>\n
Y\u00f6netim Konsoluna Eri\u015fim<\/h4>\n
Glassfish Y\u00f6netim Konsolu, web tabanl\u0131 bir aray\u00fczd\u00fcr ve sunucuyu yap\u0131land\u0131rmak, uygulamalar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak ve izlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Varsay\u0131lan olarak 4848 portunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki adresi kullanarak Y\u00f6netim Konsoluna eri\u015febilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
http:\/\/:4848<\/code><\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, sunucunuzun IP adresi 192.168.1.100 ise, http:\/\/192.168.1.100:4848<\/code> adresine gidin. Giri\u015f ekran\u0131nda, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 olarak admin<\/code> ve belirledi\u011finiz \u015fifreyi girerek oturum a\u00e7abilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Varsay\u0131lan Portlar<\/h4>\n
Glassfish’in varsay\u0131lan portlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
*   4848:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netim Konsolu (HTTP)
\n*   8080:<\/strong> Varsay\u0131lan HTTP listener (uygulamalar i\u00e7in)
\n*   8181:<\/strong> Varsay\u0131lan HTTPS listener (uygulamalar i\u00e7in)
\n*   7676:<\/strong> JMX RMI Registry
\n*   3700:<\/strong> IIOP (Internet Inter-ORB Protocol)
\n*   3820:<\/strong> IIOP SSL
\n*   3920:<\/strong> IIOP SSL (Client Authentication)<\/p>\n
Bu portlar, domain.xml<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda veya Y\u00f6netim Konsolu \u00fczerinden de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n
Glassfish’i Bir Sistem Servisi Olarak Yap\u0131land\u0131rma<\/h3>\n
Glassfish’i her sunucu ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda manuel olarak ba\u015flatmak yerine, onu bir sistem servisi olarak yap\u0131land\u0131rmak, sunucu y\u00f6netimini b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu sayede Glassfish, sunucu a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda otomatik olarak ba\u015flayacak ve service glassfish start\/stop\/restart<\/code> gibi komutlarla kolayca y\u00f6netilebilecektir. Ubuntu 12.04.3, SysVinit tabanl\u0131 bir sistem kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, bir init script olu\u015fturmam\u0131z gerekecek.<\/p>\n
Init Script Olu\u015fturma<\/h4>\n
\/etc\/init.d\/<\/code> dizininde glassfish<\/code> ad\u0131nda yeni bir dosya olu\u015ftural\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/init.d\/glassfish<\/code><\/pre>\n
Dosyan\u0131n i\u00e7ine a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u00e7eri\u011fi kopyalay\u0131n ve yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. GLASSFISH_HOME<\/code> ve ASADMIN<\/code> yollar\u0131n\u0131n kendi sisteminize g\u00f6re do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\n
#!\/bin\/bash\n### BEGIN INIT INFO\n
Provides:          glassfish<\/h2>\n
Required-Start:    $network $local_fs $remote_fs<\/h2>\n
Required-Stop:     $network $local_fs $remote_fs<\/h2>\n
Default-Start:     2 3 4 5<\/h2>\n
Default-Stop:      0 1 6<\/h2>\n
Short-Description: Start\/Stop Glassfish Application Server<\/h2>\n
Description:       Controls the Glassfish 4.0 Application Server<\/h2>\n### END INIT INFO\n\n
Glassfish Home<\/h2>\nGLASSFISH_HOME=\/opt\/glassfish4\/glassfish\nASADMIN=$GLASSFISH_HOME\/bin\/asadmin\nDOMAIN_NAME=domain1\nGLASSFISH_USER=glassfish\n\n
Check if Glassfish is already running<\/h2>\nis_running() {\n  $ASADMIN list-domains | grep \"$DOMAIN_NAME running\" > \/dev\/null 2>&1\n  return $?\n}\n\ncase \"$1\" in\n  start)\n    if is_running; then\n      echo \"Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME is already running.\"\n    else\n      echo \"Starting Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME...\"\n      su - $GLASSFISH_USER -c \"$ASADMIN start-domain $DOMAIN_NAME\"\n      if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then\n        echo \"Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME started successfully.\"\n      else\n        echo \"Failed to start Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME.\"\n        exit 1\n      fi\n    fi\n    ;;\n  stop)\n    if ! is_running; then\n      echo \"Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME is not running.\"\n    else\n      echo \"Stopping Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME...\"\n      su - $GLASSFISH_USER -c \"$ASADMIN stop-domain $DOMAIN_NAME\"\n      if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then\n        echo \"Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME stopped successfully.\"\n      else\n        echo \"Failed to stop Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME.\"\n        exit 1\n      fi\n    fi\n    ;;\n  restart)\n    $0 stop\n    sleep 5\n    $0 start\n    ;;\n  status)\n    if is_running; then\n      echo \"Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME is running.\"\n    else\n      echo \"Glassfish domain $DOMAIN_NAME is not running.\"\n    fi\n    ;;\n  *)\n    echo \"Usage: \/etc\/init.d\/glassfish {start|stop|restart|status}\"\n    exit 1\n    ;;\nesac\n\nexit 0<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu betik, Glassfish’i glassfish<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda ba\u015flat\u0131r, durdurur, yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131r ve durumunu kontrol eder.<\/p>\n
Betik \u0130zinlerini Ayarlama ve Ba\u015flang\u0131ca Ekleme<\/h4>\n
Betik dosyas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir hale getirin:<\/p>\n
sudo chmod +x \/etc\/init.d\/glassfish<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u015eimdi, Glassfish servisini sistem ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda otomatik olarak ba\u015flamas\u0131 i\u00e7in kaydedin:<\/p>\n
sudo update-rc.d glassfish defaults<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, ilgili runlevel dizinlerine sembolik ba\u011flant\u0131lar olu\u015fturarak Glassfish’in sistem a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131nda otomatik olarak ba\u015flamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Art\u0131k Glassfish servisini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlarla y\u00f6netebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo service glassfish start\nsudo service glassfish stop\nsudo service glassfish restart\nsudo service glassfish status<\/code><\/pre>\n
G\u00fcvenlik ve \u0130yile\u015ftirmeler<\/h3>\n
\u00dcretim ortamlar\u0131nda Glassfish kullan\u0131rken, g\u00fcvenlik ve performans iyile\u015ftirmeleri yapmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 (UFW)<\/h4>\n
Ubuntu’da varsay\u0131lan g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 arac\u0131 UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall) olarak bilinir. Glassfish’in d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi ve y\u00f6netim konsoluna eri\u015filebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli portlar\u0131 a\u00e7man\u0131z gerekir.<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow 4848\/tcp  # Glassfish Y\u00f6netim Konsolu\nsudo ufw allow 8080\/tcp  # Glassfish HTTP Uygulama Portu\nsudo ufw allow 8181\/tcp  # Glassfish HTTPS Uygulama Portu\nsudo ufw enable          # G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131n\u0131 etkinle\u015ftir\nsudo ufw status          # G\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 durumunu kontrol et<\/code><\/pre>\n
Y\u00f6netim konsoluna sadece belirli IP adreslerinden eri\u015fime izin vermek isterseniz:<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow from  to any port 4848 proto tcp<\/code><\/pre>\n
JVM Ayarlar\u0131 (Bellek ve Performans)<\/h4>\n
Glassfish’in performans\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkileyen en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden biri JVM (Java Virtual Machine) ayarlar\u0131d\u0131r, \u00f6zellikle bellek (heap size) ayarlar\u0131. Bu ayarlar, domain.xml<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda bulunur.<\/p>\n
domain.xml<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/opt\/glassfish4\/glassfish\/domains\/domain1\/config\/domain.xml<\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/code> etiketini aray\u0131n. Bu etiket alt\u0131nda <\/code> etiketleri bulunur. Bellek ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 genellikle -Xmx<\/code> (maksimum heap boyutu) ve -Xms<\/code> (ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 heap boyutu) parametreleriyle yapars\u0131n\u0131z:<\/p>\n
\n  -Xmx2048m<\/jvm-options>  \n  -Xms1024m<\/jvm-options>  \n  -server<\/jvm-options>    \n  -XX:+UseG1GC<\/jvm-options> \n  \n<\/java-config><\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu de\u011ferleri, sunucunuzun fiziksel belle\u011fine ve da\u011f\u0131taca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z uygulamalar\u0131n gereksinimlerine g\u00f6re ayarlaman\u0131z gerekir. De\u011fi\u015fiklikler yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra Glassfish’i yeniden ba\u015flatmay\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcnl\u00fckleme (Logging)<\/h4>\n
Glassfish, \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 \u00fcretir. Bu dosyalar, sorun giderme ve uygulama davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 izlemek i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 genellikle \/opt\/glassfish4\/glassfish\/domains\/domain1\/logs\/<\/code> dizininde bulunur.<\/p>\n
*   server.log<\/code>: Glassfish sunucusunun genel loglar\u0131.
\n*   access.log<\/code>: HTTP eri\u015fim loglar\u0131 (varsay\u0131lan olarak etkin de\u011fildir, Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’ndan etkinle\u015ftirilebilir).<\/p>\n
G\u00fcnl\u00fckleme seviyelerini (INFO, WARNING, SEVERE vb.) Y\u00f6netim Konsolu \u00fczerinden veya domain.xml<\/code> dosyas\u0131ndaki <\/code> ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek yap\u0131land\u0131rabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
S\u0131k Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h3>\n
Kurulum ve yap\u0131land\u0131rma s\u0131ras\u0131nda baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirsiniz. \u0130\u015fte bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri:<\/p>\n
Port \u00c7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Glassfish’in varsay\u0131lan portlar\u0131 (8080, 4848) ba\u015fka bir uygulama taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131l\u0131yor olabilir.<\/p>\n
*   Belirti:<\/strong> Glassfish ba\u015flat\u0131lam\u0131yor veya Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’na eri\u015filemiyor. Loglarda “Address already in use” veya “Port is already bound” gibi hatalar.
\n*   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Hangi portun kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 netstat<\/code> komutuyla kontrol edin:<\/p>\n
sudo netstat -tulnp | grep 8080\n    sudo netstat -tulnp | grep 4848<\/code><\/pre>\n
    E\u011fer bir \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fma varsa, ya \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fan uygulamay\u0131 durdurun ya da Glassfish’in portlar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirin. Portlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’ndan (Configuration -> server-config -> Network Config -> Network Listeners) veya domain.xml<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Java S\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc Sorunlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Yanl\u0131\u015f Java s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc veya JAVA_HOME<\/code> ayar\u0131n\u0131n eksik olmas\u0131 Glassfish’in ba\u015flamamas\u0131na neden olabilir.<\/p>\n
*   Belirti:<\/strong> Glassfish ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131rken Java ile ilgili hatalar, “JAVA_HOME is not set” mesaj\u0131 veya “Unsupported major.minor version” hatas\u0131.
\n*   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> java -version<\/code> ve javac -version<\/code> komutlar\u0131yla y\u00fckl\u00fc Java s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kontrol edin. echo $JAVA_HOME<\/code> ile JAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkeninin do\u011fru ayarland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. Gerekirse sudo update-alternatives --config java<\/code> komutuyla do\u011fru Java s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7in ve JAVA_HOME<\/code> de\u011fi\u015fkenini g\u00fcncelleyin.<\/p>\n
Bellek Yetersizli\u011fi<\/h4>\n
\u00d6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck uygulamalar da\u011f\u0131t\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda veya yo\u011fun y\u00fck alt\u0131nda Glassfish bellek yetersizli\u011fi ya\u015fayabilir.<\/p>\n
*   Belirti:<\/strong> OutOfMemoryError<\/code> hatalar\u0131, Glassfish’in yava\u015flamas\u0131 veya \u00e7\u00f6kmesi.
\n*   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Yukar\u0131da bahsedilen JVM ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 (-Xmx<\/code>, -Xms<\/code>) art\u0131rarak Glassfish’e daha fazla bellek tahsis edin. Sunucunuzun fiziksel belle\u011fini de kontrol edin ve gerekirse art\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
\u0130zin Sorunlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Glassfish dizinleri \u00fczerinde yanl\u0131\u015f izinler, Glassfish’in dosya yazma veya okuma i\u015flemlerini engeller.<\/p>\n
*   Belirti:<\/strong> Glassfish ba\u015flat\u0131lam\u0131yor, log dosyalar\u0131na yaz\u0131lam\u0131yor veya uygulama da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda hatalar. Loglarda “Permission denied” hatalar\u0131.
\n*   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Glassfish dizininin ve alt dizinlerinin sahipli\u011fini glassfish<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ve grubuna verdi\u011finizden emin olun: sudo chown -R glassfish:glassfish \/opt\/glassfish4<\/code>.<\/p>\n
Y\u00f6netim Konsolu \u015eifre Sorunlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Y\u00f6netim konsoluna giri\u015f yaparken \u015fifrenizi unutursan\u0131z veya de\u011fi\u015ftirmekte sorun ya\u015farsan\u0131z.<\/p>\n
*   Belirti:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netim konsoluna admin<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131yla giri\u015f yap\u0131lam\u0131yor.
\n*   \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Glassfish’i durdurun. asadmin<\/code> komutuyla \u015fifreyi s\u0131f\u0131rlamak veya de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo -u glassfish \/opt\/glassfish4\/glassfish\/bin\/asadmin change-admin-password<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komut sizden mevcut \u015fifreyi isteyecektir. E\u011fer bilmiyorsan\u0131z, domain.xml<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenleyerek <\/code> alt\u0131ndaki <\/code> etiketini bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131p Glassfish’i yeniden ba\u015flatabilirsiniz. Ard\u0131ndan yukar\u0131daki komutla yeni bir \u015fifre belirleyebilirsiniz. Bu ge\u00e7ici bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olup, g\u00fcvenlik riski ta\u015f\u0131r, bu y\u00fczden \u015fifreyi hemen ayarlay\u0131n.<\/strong><\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehberde, Glassfish 4.0’\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS \u00fczerine ba\u015far\u0131yla kurmak i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm ad\u0131mlar\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele ald\u0131k. \u00d6n gereksinimlerin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131ndan, kurulum dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n indirilmesine, ar\u015fivin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131na, dizin izinlerinin ayarlanmas\u0131na, temel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131na ve Glassfish’i bir sistem servisi olarak yap\u0131land\u0131rmaya kadar her a\u015famay\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m inceledik. Ayr\u0131ca, g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 ayarlar\u0131, JVM bellek optimizasyonlar\u0131 ve yayg\u0131n sorun giderme y\u00f6ntemleri gibi \u00f6nemli konulara da de\u011findik.<\/p>\n
Art\u0131k Ubuntu 12.04.3 sunucunuzda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan, kararl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli bir Glassfish 4.0 ortam\u0131na sahipsiniz. Bu ortam, Java EE 7 tabanl\u0131 kurumsal uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak ve y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir temel sunmaktad\u0131r. Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, Y\u00f6netim Konsolu’nu kullanarak uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tabilir, veri kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rabilir, JMS (Java Message Service) kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6netebilir ve di\u011fer sunucu ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Unutmay\u0131n ki, uygulama sunucular\u0131n\u0131n performans\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi, s\u00fcrekli izleme, d\u00fczenli g\u00fcncellemeler ve en iyi uygulamalar\u0131n takip edilmesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r. Glassfish dok\u00fcmantasyonunu ve Java EE standartlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak incelemek, sisteminizi daha verimli ve g\u00fcvenli hale getirmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bu rehberin, Glassfish 4.0 ile Java EE d\u00fcnyas\u0131na ad\u0131m atman\u0131z i\u00e7in sa\u011flam bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olmas\u0131n\u0131 umuyoruz.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Glassfish 4.0’\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi\nGlassfish, Oracle taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve Java EE (Enterprise Edition) platformu i\u00e7in","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1468],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-31307","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-ubuntu","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nGlassfish 4.0'\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Glassfish 4.0'\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Glassfish 4.0'\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi Glassfish, Oracle taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen ve Java EE (Enterprise Edition) platformu i\u00e7in\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-08T09:41:06+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"16 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"Glassfish 4.0’\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-08T09:41:06+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/\"},\"wordCount\":2711,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Ubuntu\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/glassfish-4-0i-ubuntu-12-04-3-uzerine-kurulum-rehberi\/\",\"name\":\"Glassfish 4.0'\u0131 Ubuntu 12.04.3 \u00dczerine Kurulum Rehberi - 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