{"id":31115,"date":"2025-10-05T23:41:08","date_gmt":"2025-10-05T20:41:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=31115"},"modified":"2025-10-05T23:41:08","modified_gmt":"2025-10-05T20:41:08","slug":"centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/","title":{"rendered":"CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber<\/h2>\n

CentOS 6.3 x64 gibi olgunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir sunucu i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yetenekleri kazanmak, sistem y\u00f6neticileri ve geli\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahip olabilir. Oracle VM VirtualBox, bu ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak \u00fczere tasarlanm\u0131\u015f, \u00fccretsiz ve a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehberde, CentOS 6.3 x64 sunucunuza VirtualBox’\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m nas\u0131l kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131, gerekli \u00f6n haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131, kurulum sonras\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 ve s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlar\u0131 ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Amac\u0131m\u0131z, size sorunsuz bir kurulum deneyimi sunarak, sanal makinelerinizi h\u0131zla olu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flaman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Giri\u015f: VirtualBox ve CentOS 6.3 Neden Birlikte?<\/h3>\n

VirtualBox, tek bir fiziksel makine \u00fczerinde birden fazla i\u015fletim sistemini (sanal makine olarak) \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131yan, platformlar aras\u0131 bir sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcd\u00fcr. Windows, Linux, macOS, Solaris gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli ana bilgisayar i\u015fletim sistemlerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir ve geni\u015f bir misafir i\u015fletim sistemi yelpazesini destekler. CentOS 6.3 x64, \u00f6zellikle kurumsal ortamlarda hala yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan sa\u011flam ve g\u00fcvenilir bir Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Bu platform \u00fczerine VirtualBox kurmak, eski uygulamalar\u0131 test etmek, farkl\u0131 Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 denemek, geli\u015ftirme ortamlar\u0131 kurmak veya sunucu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 daha verimli kullanmak gibi bir\u00e7ok senaryoda faydal\u0131d\u0131r. CentOS 6.3’\u00fcn kararl\u0131 yap\u0131s\u0131 ve VirtualBox’\u0131n esnekli\u011fi birle\u015fti\u011finde, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve y\u00f6netilebilir bir sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma ortam\u0131 elde edersiniz.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Haz\u0131rl\u0131klar: Kuruluma Ba\u015flamadan \u00d6nce<\/h3>\n

VirtualBox kurulumuna ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, ana bilgisayar sisteminizin (CentOS 6.3 x64) belirli gereksinimleri kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve gerekli \u00f6n ko\u015fullar\u0131n yerine getirildi\u011finden emin olmal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu ad\u0131mlar, kurulumun sorunsuz ilerlemesi ve VirtualBox’\u0131n optimum performansla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Sistem Gereksinimleri<\/h4>\n

* \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi:<\/strong> CentOS 6.3 x64 y\u00fckl\u00fc bir sistem. Bu rehber \u00f6zellikle 64-bit mimari i\u00e7in yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
\n* \u0130\u015flemci (CPU):<\/strong> Intel VT-x veya AMD-V gibi donan\u0131m destekli sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6zelliklerine sahip bir i\u015flemci. Bu \u00f6zellik genellikle BIOS\/UEFI ayarlar\u0131ndan etkinle\u015ftirilmelidir. Etkin de\u011filse, sanal makineler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayabilir veya performans\u0131 d\u00fc\u015febilir.
\n* Bellek (RAM):<\/strong> Ana bilgisayar sistemi i\u00e7in yeterli RAM ve her sanal makine i\u00e7in ayr\u0131lacak ek RAM. En az 4 GB RAM \u00f6nerilir, ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sanal makine say\u0131s\u0131na ve \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re bu miktar art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n* Disk Alan\u0131:<\/strong> VirtualBox yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kendisi i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 y\u00fcz MB, ancak her sanal makine i\u00e7in i\u015fletim sistemi ve verileri i\u00e7in gigabaytlarca bo\u015f disk alan\u0131 gereklidir.
\n* \u0130nternet Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Gerekli paketleri indirmek ve sistem g\u00fcncellemelerini yapmak i\u00e7in aktif bir internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131.
\n* Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Yetkileri:<\/strong> sudo<\/code> yetkilerine sahip bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 veya root eri\u015fimi.<\/p>\n

Donan\u0131m Sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma Deste\u011fini Kontrol Etme<\/h4>\n

\u0130\u015flemcinizin donan\u0131m sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma deste\u011fine sahip olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve BIOS\/UEFI’den etkinle\u015ftirilip etkinle\u015ftirilmedi\u011fini kontrol etmek \u00f6nemlidir. Bunu Linux terminalinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutla kontrol edebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n

grep -E '(vmx|svm)' \/proc\/cpuinfo<\/code><\/pre>\n
E\u011fer bu komut herhangi bir \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 veriyorsa (\u00f6rne\u011fin vmx<\/code> veya svm<\/code> bayraklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorsan\u0131z), i\u015flemciniz donan\u0131m sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma deste\u011fine sahiptir. E\u011fer \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 bo\u015fsa, bu \u00f6zellik ya yok ya da BIOS\/UEFI’den etkinle\u015ftirilmemi\u015ftir. BIOS\/UEFI ayarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kontrol ederek “Intel VT-x”, “AMD-V”, “Virtualization Technology” veya benzeri bir se\u00e7ene\u011fi etkinle\u015ftirmeniz gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
Sistem G\u00fcncellemesi ve Gerekli Paketlerin Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
VirtualBox’\u0131n sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde kurulabilmesi ve \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerini derleyebilmesi i\u00e7in, ana bilgisayar sisteminizin g\u00fcncel olmas\u0131 ve baz\u0131 temel geli\u015ftirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131na sahip olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu ad\u0131mlar, olas\u0131 uyumluluk sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 minimize eder.<\/p>\n
Sistemi G\u00fcncelleme<\/h4>\n
\u0130lk olarak, sisteminizdeki t\u00fcm mevcut paketleri en son s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine g\u00fcncelleyelim. Bu, g\u00fcvenlik yamalar\u0131n\u0131 ve en son kararl\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri alman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
sudo yum update -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, sisteminizdeki t\u00fcm y\u00fckl\u00fc paketleri g\u00fcnceller. \u0130\u015flem biraz zaman alabilir.<\/p>\n
Gerekli Geli\u015ftirme Ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00c7ekirdek Paketlerini Kurma<\/h4>\n
VirtualBox, \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerini ana bilgisayar\u0131n \u00e7ekirde\u011fiyle uyumlu hale getirmek i\u00e7in derlemesi gerekir. Bu i\u015flem i\u00e7in \u00e7ekirdek ba\u015fl\u0131k dosyalar\u0131na (kernel-headers<\/code>), \u00e7ekirdek geli\u015ftirme paketlerine (kernel-devel<\/code>) ve derleme ara\u00e7lar\u0131na (Development Tools<\/code>) ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. dkms<\/code> (Dynamic Kernel Module Support) paketi ise, \u00e7ekirdek g\u00fcncellemelerinden sonra VirtualBox \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerinin otomatik olarak yeniden derlenmesini sa\u011flar, bu da bak\u0131m kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
sudo yum groupinstall \"Development Tools\" -y\nsudo yum install kernel-headers kernel-devel dkms -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   Development Tools:<\/strong> GCC derleyicisi, make, binutils gibi temel geli\u015ftirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir pakettir. VirtualBox \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerini derlemek i\u00e7in gereklidir.
\n*   kernel-headers:<\/strong> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ekirdek s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne ait ba\u015fl\u0131k dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu dosyalar, \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerini derlemek i\u00e7in API tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\n*   kernel-devel:<\/strong> \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ekirdek s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcne ait geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Bu paket, kernel-headers<\/code> ile birlikte, \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerinin derlenmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan t\u00fcm sembolleri ve yap\u0131lar\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\n*   dkms:<\/strong> \u00c7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerinin kaynak kodlar\u0131ndan otomatik olarak yeniden derlenmesini sa\u011flayan bir altyap\u0131d\u0131r. Yeni bir \u00e7ekirdek y\u00fcklendi\u011finde veya mevcut \u00e7ekirdek g\u00fcncellendi\u011finde, VirtualBox mod\u00fclleri otomatik olarak g\u00fcncellenir ve manuel m\u00fcdahaleye gerek kalmaz.<\/p>\n
Bu paketlerin kurulumundan sonra, \u00f6zellikle kernel-devel<\/code> paketi yeni bir \u00e7ekirdek s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcyle birlikte y\u00fcklendiyse, sisteminizi yeniden ba\u015flatman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir. Bu, yeni \u00e7ekirdek ve geli\u015ftirme dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde etkinle\u015fmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
sudo reboot<\/code><\/pre>\n
Sistem yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ekirdek s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ve y\u00fckl\u00fc kernel-devel<\/code> paketinin s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn e\u015fle\u015fti\u011finden emin olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. Bu, uname -r<\/code> ve rpm -qa | grep kernel-devel<\/code> komutlar\u0131yla kontrol edilebilir:<\/p>\n
uname -r<\/code><\/pre>\n
rpm -qa | grep kernel-devel<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131daki s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerin e\u015fle\u015fti\u011finden emin olun. \u00d6rne\u011fin, uname -r<\/code> \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 2.6.32-xxx.el6.x86_64<\/code> ise, kernel-devel<\/code> paketi de kernel-devel-2.6.32-xxx.el6.x86_64<\/code> olmal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer e\u015fle\u015fmiyorsa, yum<\/code> ile do\u011fru kernel-devel<\/code> s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fcklemeniz veya sisteme do\u011fru \u00e7ekirdek ile boot etmeniz gerekebilir. Genellikle yum update<\/code> sonras\u0131 en son \u00e7ekirdek ile boot edilir.<\/p>\n
VirtualBox RPM Deposu Ekleme<\/h3>\n
Oracle, VirtualBox i\u00e7in resmi RPM depolar\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu depolar\u0131 sistemimize eklemek, VirtualBox’\u0131 yum<\/code> paket y\u00f6neticisi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kolayca kurmam\u0131z\u0131 ve gelecekteki g\u00fcncellemeleri y\u00f6netmemizi sa\u011flar. CentOS 6.x i\u00e7in VirtualBox’\u0131n en son desteklenen s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc 5.2.x serisidir. Bu nedenle, bu s\u00fcr\u00fcme y\u00f6nelik depoyu eklememiz \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Oracle Public Key’i \u0130\u00e7e Aktarma<\/h4>\n
Oracle’\u0131n paketlerini do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in genel anahtar\u0131n\u0131 sistemimize i\u00e7e aktarmam\u0131z gerekir. Bu, indirdi\u011fimiz paketlerin ger\u00e7ekten Oracle taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131nland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilmedi\u011fini garanti eder.<\/p>\n
wget -q http:\/\/download.virtualbox.org\/virtualbox\/debian\/oracle_vbox.asc -O- | sudo apt-key add - # Bu komut Debian\/Ubuntu i\u00e7indir, CentOS i\u00e7in do\u011fru de\u011fil.<\/code><\/pre>\n
D\u00fczeltme:<\/strong> Yukar\u0131daki komut Debian\/Ubuntu i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir. CentOS i\u00e7in Oracle RPM deposunu ekledi\u011fimizde, anahtar otomatik olarak i\u00e7e aktar\u0131l\u0131r veya manuel olarak rpm --import<\/code> ile yap\u0131l\u0131r. Genellikle depo dosyas\u0131 kuruldu\u011funda bu i\u015flem otomatikle\u015fir. Ancak, e\u011fer manuel olarak anahtar eklemek gerekirse:<\/p>\n
sudo rpm --import https:\/\/www.virtualbox.org\/download\/oracle_vbox.asc<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, Oracle’\u0131n genel anahtar\u0131n\u0131 RPM veritaban\u0131n\u0131za ekler.<\/p>\n
VirtualBox Depo Dosyas\u0131n\u0131 Ekleme<\/h4>\n
\u015eimdi, CentOS 6 i\u00e7in VirtualBox 5.2 deposunu sistemimize ekleyelim. Bu, yum<\/code>‘un VirtualBox paketlerini nerede bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
sudo wget http:\/\/download.virtualbox.org\/virtualbox\/rpm\/rhel\/virtualbox.repo -O \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/virtualbox.repo<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, VirtualBox RPM deposu yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131n\u0131 \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/<\/code> dizinine indirir. Bu dosya, yum<\/code>‘a VirtualBox paketlerinin bulundu\u011fu URL’leri ve di\u011fer depo bilgilerini bildirir.<\/p>\n
Depoyu ekledikten sonra, yum<\/code>‘un yeni depo bilgilerini g\u00fcncellemesi i\u00e7in \u00f6nbelle\u011fini temizlemek iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r:<\/p>\n
sudo yum clean all<\/code><\/pre>\n
Art\u0131k sistemimiz, VirtualBox paketlerini Oracle’\u0131n resmi deposundan \u00e7ekmeye haz\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
VirtualBox Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Depo ba\u015far\u0131yla eklendikten ve sistemimiz haz\u0131rland\u0131ktan sonra, VirtualBox’\u0131 kurma i\u015flemine ge\u00e7ebiliriz. CentOS 6.x i\u00e7in en uygun VirtualBox s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc 5.2.x serisidir.<\/p>\n
VirtualBox Paketini Y\u00fckleme<\/h4>\n
VirtualBox 5.2.x’i yum<\/code> kullanarak y\u00fckleyelim:<\/p>\n
sudo yum install VirtualBox-5.2 -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, VirtualBox 5.2 ana paketini ve t\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 sisteminize y\u00fckleyecektir. Kurulum i\u015flemi s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fclleri otomatik olarak derlenecektir. E\u011fer herhangi bir hata al\u0131rsan\u0131z, genellikle kernel-devel<\/code> ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ekirdek s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn e\u015fle\u015fmedi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, VirtualBox \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerinin do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcklendi\u011fini kontrol edebiliriz:<\/p>\n
sudo \/etc\/init.d\/vboxdrv setup<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, VirtualBox \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerini yeniden derlemeye ve ba\u015flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. E\u011fer herhangi bir hata vermezse, mod\u00fcllerin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Hata verirse, yukar\u0131daki “Gerekli Geli\u015ftirme Ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve \u00c7ekirdek Paketlerini Kurma” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc tekrar g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irin.<\/p>\n
Kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 vboxusers Grubuna Ekleme<\/h4>\n
VirtualBox’\u0131 kullanacak olan kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n vboxusers<\/code> grubuna eklenmesi gerekir. Bu grup, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sanal makineleri y\u00f6netme ve USB ayg\u0131tlar\u0131na eri\u015fme gibi i\u015flemleri yapabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli izinleri sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers <\/code><\/pre>\n
<\/code> yerine VirtualBox’\u0131 kullanacak olan kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ger\u00e7ek ad\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131n. \u00d6rne\u011fin, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131z centosuser<\/code> ise:<\/p>\n
sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers centosuser<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin etkili olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n oturumunu kapat\u0131p tekrar a\u00e7mas\u0131 veya sistemi yeniden ba\u015flatmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
sudo reboot<\/code><\/pre>\n
Yeniden ba\u015flatma sonras\u0131, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z art\u0131k vboxusers<\/code> grubunun bir \u00fcyesi olacakt\u0131r ve VirtualBox’\u0131 tam yetkiyle kullanabilecektir.<\/p>\n
VirtualBox Geni\u015fletme Paketi (Extension Pack) Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
VirtualBox Geni\u015fletme Paketi (Oracle VM VirtualBox Extension Pack), VirtualBox’\u0131n temel i\u015flevselli\u011fini art\u0131ran ek \u00f6zellikler sunar. Bu \u00f6zellikler aras\u0131nda USB 2.0\/3.0 deste\u011fi, Uzak Masa\u00fcst\u00fc Protokol\u00fc (RDP) deste\u011fi, disk \u015fifreleme, PXE \u00f6ny\u00fckleme ve Intel PXE \u00f6ny\u00fckleme ROM’u bulunur. Bu \u00f6zellikler, sanal makinelerinizin daha zengin bir deneyim sunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in genellikle gereklidir. Geni\u015fletme paketi, VirtualBox’\u0131n ana s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcyle e\u015fle\u015fmelidir.<\/p>\n
Geni\u015fletme Paketini \u0130ndirme<\/h4>\n
VirtualBox 5.2.x i\u00e7in geni\u015fletme paketini Oracle’\u0131n resmi web sitesinden indirmemiz gerekiyor. wget<\/code> komutunu kullanarak do\u011frudan terminalden indirebiliriz. Do\u011fru s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc indirdi\u011finizden emin olun (5.2.x).<\/p>\n
wget http:\/\/download.virtualbox.org\/virtualbox\/5.2.44\/Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-5.2.44.vbox-extpack<\/code><\/pre>\n
Not:<\/strong> Yukar\u0131daki URL’deki 5.2.44<\/code> k\u0131sm\u0131, VirtualBox 5.2 serisinin en son s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc temsil eder. Gelecekte bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131 de\u011fi\u015febilir, bu y\u00fczden Oracle’\u0131n VirtualBox indirme sayfas\u0131n\u0131 (https:\/\/www.virtualbox.org\/wiki\/Downloads) kontrol ederek en son 5.2.x s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn URL’sini bulmak en iyisidir.<\/p>\n
Geni\u015fletme Paketini Kurma<\/h4>\n
\u0130ndirilen .vbox-extpack<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 kurman\u0131n iki yolu vard\u0131r: VirtualBox GUI \u00fczerinden veya komut sat\u0131r\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla.<\/p>\n
GUI \u00dczerinden Kurulum (E\u011fer Masa\u00fcst\u00fc Ortam\u0131n\u0131z Varsa)<\/h5>\n
1.  VirtualBox uygulamas\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131n (VirtualBox<\/code>).
\n2.  Men\u00fcden Dosya (File) -> Tercihler (Preferences)<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fini t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n3.  Sol taraftaki men\u00fcden Uzant\u0131lar (Extensions)<\/strong> sekmesini se\u00e7in.
\n4.  Sa\u011fdaki k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck “Ekle” simgesine (ye\u015fil art\u0131 i\u015fareti) t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n5.  \u0130ndirdi\u011finiz .vbox-extpack<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131 bulun ve se\u00e7in.
\n6.  Kurulumu onaylay\u0131n ve Oracle Geni\u015fletme Paketi Lisans S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’ni (EULA) kabul edin.
\n7.  Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, geni\u015fletme paketi listede g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir.<\/p>\n
Komut Sat\u0131r\u0131 \u00dczerinden Kurulum (Sunucu Ortamlar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in)<\/h5>\n
E\u011fer CentOS 6.3 sunucunuzda bir masa\u00fcst\u00fc ortam\u0131 y\u00fckl\u00fc de\u011filse veya komut sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 tercih ediyorsan\u0131z, VBoxManage<\/code> komutunu kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo VBoxManage extpack install Oracle_VM_VirtualBox_Extension_Pack-5.2.44.vbox-extpack<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, Oracle Geni\u015fletme Paketi Lisans S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi (EULA) metnini okuman\u0131z ve kabul etmeniz istenecektir. Kabul etmek i\u00e7in y<\/code> yaz\u0131p Enter tu\u015funa bas\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Kurulum ba\u015far\u0131yla tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, geni\u015fletme paketinin y\u00fcklendi\u011fine dair bir onay mesaj\u0131 alacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n
VirtualBox’\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve \u0130lk Ayarlar<\/h3>\n
VirtualBox art\u0131k sisteminize ba\u015far\u0131yla kuruldu. \u015eimdi onu ba\u015flatabilir, ilk sanal makinenizi olu\u015fturabilir ve baz\u0131 temel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irebiliriz.<\/p>\n
VirtualBox GUI’yi Ba\u015flatma<\/h4>\n
E\u011fer CentOS 6.3 \u00fczerinde bir masa\u00fcst\u00fc ortam\u0131 (GNOME, KDE vb.) y\u00fckl\u00fc ise, genellikle uygulama men\u00fcs\u00fcnden “Oracle VM VirtualBox” \u00f6\u011fesini bularak veya terminalden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak VirtualBox GUI’yi ba\u015flatabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
VirtualBox<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu, VirtualBox ana penceresini a\u00e7acakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Yeni Bir Sanal Makine Olu\u015fturma (K\u0131saca)<\/h4>\n
1.  “Yeni” (New) Butonuna T\u0131klay\u0131n:<\/strong> VirtualBox ana penceresinde “Yeni” d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n2.  Sanal Makine Ad\u0131 ve \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi:<\/strong> Sanal makinenize bir isim verin (\u00f6rn. “Ubuntu Test”). Tip (Type) ve S\u00fcr\u00fcm (Version) a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r men\u00fclerinden kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z misafir i\u015fletim sistemini se\u00e7in (\u00f6rn. Linux, Ubuntu (64-bit)).
\n3.  Bellek Boyutu:<\/strong> Sanal makineye ay\u0131rmak istedi\u011finiz RAM miktar\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7in. Ana bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n RAM’inin en az yar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakmaya dikkat edin.
\n4.  Sabit Disk:<\/strong> “\u015eimdi sanal bir sabit disk olu\u015ftur” (Create a virtual hard disk now) se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in.
\n5.  Sabit Disk T\u00fcr\u00fc:<\/strong> Genellikle varsay\u0131lan olan VDI (VirtualBox Disk Image) se\u00e7ene\u011fini b\u0131rak\u0131n.
\n6.  Depolama:<\/strong> “Dinamik olarak ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f” (Dynamically allocated) se\u00e7ene\u011fi, disk alan\u0131n\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini sa\u011flar, bu da ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta daha az yer kaplar. “Sabit boyutlu” (Fixed size) ise daha iyi performans sunabilir ancak ba\u015ftan t\u00fcm alan\u0131 ay\u0131r\u0131r.
\n7.  Dosya Konumu ve Boyutu:<\/strong> Sanal sabit diskin dosya konumunu ve maksimum boyutunu belirleyin.
\n8.  Olu\u015ftur:<\/strong> “Olu\u015ftur” d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klayarak sanal makineyi olu\u015fturun.<\/p>\n
Sanal makine olu\u015fturulduktan sonra, ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirebilir (\u00f6rn. CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi say\u0131s\u0131, a\u011f ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 tipi) ve bir i\u015fletim sistemi ISO g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc kullanarak misafir i\u015fletim sistemini kurabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
A\u011f Ayarlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
VirtualBox, sanal makineleriniz i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli a\u011f modlar\u0131 sunar:<\/p>\n
*   NAT (Network Address Translation):<\/strong> Varsay\u0131lan ve en basit moddur. Sanal makine, ana bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n IP adresini kullanarak d\u0131\u015f a\u011fa eri\u015fir. Sanal makineye d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015filemez.
\n*   Bridge Adapter (K\u00f6pr\u00fc Ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131):<\/strong> Sanal makine, fiziksel a\u011f\u0131n\u0131za do\u011frudan ba\u011flan\u0131r ve ana bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zla ayn\u0131 a\u011fda ayr\u0131 bir IP adresi al\u0131r. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015filebilir.
\n*   Host-only Adapter (Sadece Ana Bilgisayar Ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131s\u0131):<\/strong> Sanal makine sadece ana bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zla ileti\u015fim kurabilir, d\u0131\u015f a\u011fa eri\u015femez.
\n*   Internal Network (\u0130\u00e7 A\u011f):<\/strong> Sanal makineler birbirleriyle ileti\u015fim kurabilir ancak ana bilgisayar veya d\u0131\u015f a\u011f ile ileti\u015fim kuramaz.<\/p>\n
\u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re uygun a\u011f modunu se\u00e7melisiniz.<\/p>\n
Misafir Eklentileri (Guest Additions)<\/h4>\n
Misafir Eklentileri, VirtualBox’\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve sanal makinenin performans\u0131n\u0131 ve kullan\u0131labilirli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r. Bunlar, sanal makineye kurulur ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6zellikleri sa\u011flar:<\/p>\n
*   Geli\u015fmi\u015f video performans\u0131
\n*   Fare i\u015faret\u00e7isi entegrasyonu
\n*   Payla\u015f\u0131lan panoya eri\u015fim
\n*   S\u00fcr\u00fckle ve b\u0131rak deste\u011fi
\n*   Payla\u015f\u0131lan klas\u00f6rler
\n*   Zaman senkronizasyonu<\/p>\n
Misafir i\u015fletim sistemini kurduktan sonra, VirtualBox penceresindeki men\u00fcden Ayg\u0131tlar (Devices) -> Misafir Eklentileri CD Kal\u0131b\u0131n\u0131 Yerle\u015ftir (Insert Guest Additions CD Image)<\/strong> se\u00e7ene\u011fini kullanarak bunlar\u0131 kurman\u0131z \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir.<\/p>\n
S\u0131k Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan Sorunlar ve \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h3>\n
VirtualBox kurulumu ve kullan\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda baz\u0131 yayg\u0131n sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilirsiniz. \u0130\u015fte bunlardan baz\u0131lar\u0131 ve olas\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri:<\/p>\n
1. \u00c7ekirdek Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Derleme Hatalar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Belirti:<\/strong> VirtualBox’\u0131 ba\u015flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken veya sudo \/etc\/init.d\/vboxdrv setup<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcl\u00fc derleme hatalar\u0131 al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.
\nNeden:<\/strong> kernel-devel<\/code> paketi y\u00fckl\u00fc de\u011fil, yanl\u0131\u015f s\u00fcr\u00fcmde y\u00fckl\u00fc veya Development Tools<\/code> eksik.
\n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong>
\n*   sudo yum groupinstall \"Development Tools\" -y<\/code> komutuyla geli\u015ftirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fckl\u00fc oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n*   uname -r<\/code> ve rpm -qa | grep kernel-devel<\/code> komutlar\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00e7ekirdek s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fcn ve kernel-devel<\/code> paketinin s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn e\u015fle\u015fti\u011finden emin olun. E\u015fle\u015fmiyorsa, do\u011fru kernel-devel<\/code> s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00fckleyin veya sisteminizi e\u015fle\u015fen \u00e7ekirdek ile yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.
\n*   Sistemi yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131ktan sonra sudo \/etc\/init.d\/vboxdrv setup<\/code> komutunu tekrar \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
2. Sanal Makine Ba\u015flatma Hatas\u0131: “VT-x is disabled in the BIOS”<\/h4>\n
Belirti:<\/strong> Sanal makineyi ba\u015flatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bu veya benzer bir hata mesaj\u0131 al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.
\nNeden:<\/strong> \u0130\u015flemcinizin donan\u0131m sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6zelli\u011fi (Intel VT-x veya AMD-V) BIOS\/UEFI ayarlar\u0131ndan etkinle\u015ftirilmemi\u015f.
\n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong> Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n ve BIOS\/UEFI ayarlar\u0131na girerek “Virtualization Technology”, “Intel VT-x”, “AMD-V” veya benzeri bir se\u00e7ene\u011fi etkinle\u015ftirin. Ayar\u0131 kaydettikten sonra sistemi tekrar ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
3. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 “vboxusers” Grubunda De\u011fil<\/h4>\n
Belirti:<\/strong> Sanal makineleri olu\u015fturabiliyor ancak USB cihazlar\u0131na eri\u015femiyor veya belirli VirtualBox i\u015flevlerini kullanam\u0131yorsunuz.
\nNeden:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z vboxusers<\/code> grubuna eklenmemi\u015f veya de\u011fi\u015fiklikler etkili olmam\u0131\u015f.
\n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong>
\n*   sudo usermod -a -G vboxusers <\/code> komutuyla kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 vboxusers<\/code> grubuna ekleyin.
\n*   De\u011fi\u015fikliklerin etkili olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in oturumu kapat\u0131p tekrar a\u00e7\u0131n veya sistemi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.
\n*   groups <\/code> komutuyla kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n vboxusers<\/code> grubunda olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/p>\n
4. Yava\u015f Performans veya Ekran Sorunlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Belirti:<\/strong> Sanal makine yava\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor, ekran \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck veya grafikler tak\u0131l\u0131yor.
\nNeden:<\/strong> Misafir Eklentileri (Guest Additions) y\u00fckl\u00fc de\u011fil veya yeterli RAM\/CPU ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f.
\n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong>
\n*   Misafir i\u015fletim sistemine VirtualBox Misafir Eklentilerini kurun.
\n*   Sanal makine ayarlar\u0131na giderek daha fazla RAM ve CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi ay\u0131rmay\u0131 deneyin (ana bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fmamaya dikkat edin).
\n*   Sanal makinenin ekran kart\u0131 belle\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131n.<\/p>\n
5. “VBoxManage: error: Failed to create the VirtualBox object!”<\/h4>\n
Belirti:<\/strong> Komut sat\u0131r\u0131ndan VBoxManage<\/code> komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken bu hatay\u0131 al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.
\nNeden:<\/strong> VirtualBox \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fclleri do\u011fru y\u00fcklenmemi\u015f veya ba\u015flamam\u0131\u015f olabilir.
\n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm:<\/strong>
\n*   sudo \/etc\/init.d\/vboxdrv setup<\/code> komutunu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak \u00e7ekirdek mod\u00fcllerini yeniden derlemeyi ve ba\u015flatmay\u0131 deneyin.
\n*   Sistemi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00fczerine VirtualBox kurmak, sisteminize g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yetene\u011fi kazand\u0131r\u0131r. Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehberde, gerekli \u00f6n haz\u0131rl\u0131klardan ba\u015flayarak, sistem g\u00fcncellemeleri, geli\u015ftirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve \u00e7ekirdek paketlerinin kurulumu, VirtualBox RPM deposunun eklenmesi, VirtualBox 5.2.x ana paketinin ve Geni\u015fletme Paketinin kurulumu ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele ald\u0131k. Ayr\u0131ca, VirtualBox’\u0131 ba\u015flatma, ilk sanal makineyi olu\u015fturma ve s\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan sorunlara y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri de sunduk.<\/p>\n
Art\u0131k CentOS 6.3 sunucunuzda VirtualBox kurulu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda olmal\u0131. Bu platform \u00fczerinde farkl\u0131 i\u015fletim sistemlerini test edebilir, geli\u015ftirme ortamlar\u0131 kurabilir veya sunucu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 daha verimli kullanabilirsiniz. Unutmay\u0131n, sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma, esneklik ve verimlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck avantajlar sunar ve VirtualBox, bu d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 size a\u00e7an g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Kurulum sonras\u0131 sanal makinelerinizin performans\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Misafir Eklentilerini kurmay\u0131 ve sistem kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmeyi ihmal etmeyin. Sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yolculu\u011funuzda ba\u015far\u0131lar dileriz!<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\nCentOS 6.3 x64 gibi olgunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir sunucu i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde sanalla\u015ft","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[241],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-31115","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-linux","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nCentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber CentOS 6.3 x64 gibi olgunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir sunucu i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde sanalla\u015ft\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-10-05T20:41:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"17 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-05T20:41:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\"},\"wordCount\":3099,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"Linux\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/centos-6-3-x64-uzerine-virtualbox-kurulumu-kapsamli-bir-rehber\/\",\"name\":\"CentOS 6.3 x64 \u00dczerine VirtualBox Kurulumu: Kapsaml\u0131 Bir Rehber - 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