{"id":31027,"date":"2025-10-04T22:41:29","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T19:41:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=31027"},"modified":"2025-10-04T22:41:29","modified_gmt":"2025-10-04T19:41:29","slug":"rancher-ve-docker-machine-ile-ubuntu-16-04-uzerinde-cok-dugumlu-dagitimlari-yonetmek","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/rancher-ve-docker-machine-ile-ubuntu-16-04-uzerinde-cok-dugumlu-dagitimlari-yonetmek\/","title":{"rendered":"Rancher ve Docker Machine ile Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerinde \u00c7ok D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmek"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Rancher ve Docker Machine ile Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerinde \u00c7ok D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmek<\/h2>\n

\u00c7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc (multi-node) da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar, modern uygulama mimarilerinin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biridir. Y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik, \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilirlik ve hata tolerans\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in uygulamalar\u0131n birden fazla sunucuya yay\u0131lmas\u0131 kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Ancak bu t\u00fcr ortamlar\u0131 y\u00f6netmek, altyap\u0131 kurulumundan uygulama da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131na, izlemeden bak\u0131ma kadar bir\u00e7ok karma\u015f\u0131k ad\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7erir. Geleneksel y\u00f6ntemlerle bu s\u00fcre\u00e7leri otomatikle\u015ftirmek ve y\u00f6netmek zaman al\u0131c\u0131 ve hataya a\u00e7\u0131k olabilir. \u0130\u015fte bu noktada konteyner teknolojileri ve orkestrasyon ara\u00e7lar\u0131 devreye girer.<\/p>\n

Bu makale, Rancher ve Docker Machine kombinasyonunu kullanarak Ubuntu 16.04 i\u015fletim sistemi \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc bir Docker ortam\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l kuraca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve y\u00f6netece\u011finizi ad\u0131m ad\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klayacakt\u0131r. Docker Machine, sanal veya fiziksel makinelerde Docker Engine kurulu hostlar olu\u015fturmay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rken, Rancher bu hostlar \u00fczerinde konteyner tabanl\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6netimini ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirilmesini sa\u011flayan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir konteyner y\u00f6netim platformudur. Ubuntu 16.04, uzun s\u00fcreli destek (LTS) sunan stabil bir i\u015fletim sistemi oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcr altyap\u0131 kurulumlar\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u0131kl\u0131kla tercih edilmi\u015ftir. Bu rehber sayesinde, karma\u015f\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini basitle\u015ftirerek kendi \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir ve y\u00f6netilebilir konteyner altyap\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kurabileceksiniz.<\/p>\n

1. Temel Kavramlar ve \u00d6nko\u015fullar<\/h3>\n

\u00c7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc bir konteyner altyap\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturmaya ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, kullanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z temel ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve kavramlar\u0131 anlamak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n

1.1 Konteynerle\u015fme ve Docker<\/h4>\n

Konteynerle\u015fme, bir uygulamay\u0131 ve t\u00fcm ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 (k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler, ayarlar vb.) izole edilmi\u015f bir ortamda paketleme y\u00f6ntemidir. Bu izolasyon sayesinde uygulama, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortamdan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hale gelir ve her yerde tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Docker, konteyner teknolojisinin en pop\u00fcler ve yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan platformudur. Docker ile uygulamalar, hafif, ta\u015f\u0131nabilir ve kendi kendine yeten birimler olan “konteynerler” i\u00e7inde paketlenir. Bu konteynerler, sanal makinelerden daha az kaynak t\u00fcketir ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc bir ortamda, birden fazla Docker hostu \u00fczerinde binlerce konteyner \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n

1.2 Docker Machine<\/h4>\n

Docker Machine, Docker Engine kurulu hostlar olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. Yerel sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma platformlar\u0131 (VirtualBox, VMware) veya bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 (AWS, DigitalOcean, Azure) \u00fczerinde kolayca Docker hostlar\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. Docker Machine’in temel amac\u0131, farkl\u0131 altyap\u0131larda tutarl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde Docker ortamlar\u0131 kurma s\u00fcrecini otomatikle\u015ftirmektir. Bu sayede, elle kurulum zahmetinden kurtulur ve h\u0131zl\u0131ca \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc bir ortam i\u00e7in gerekli hostlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlayabilirsiniz. Makinemiz \u00fczerinde Rancher i\u00e7in kullanaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z hostlar\u0131 bu ara\u00e7la olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

1.3 Rancher<\/h4>\n

Rancher, konteynerlerin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, y\u00f6netimini ve \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirilmesini basitle\u015ftiren a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir konteyner y\u00f6netim platformudur. Rancher, Kubernetes, Docker Swarm ve Cattle gibi \u00e7e\u015fitli konteyner orkestrasyon motorlar\u0131n\u0131 destekler. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 dostu bir web aray\u00fcz\u00fc (UI) sunarak, geli\u015ftiricilerin ve operasyon ekiplerinin konteyner altyap\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 daha verimli bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6netmelerini sa\u011flar. Rancher’\u0131n temel bile\u015fenleri \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n

* Rancher Server:<\/strong> Rancher platformunun kalbi olup, t\u00fcm y\u00f6netim operasyonlar\u0131n\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir, UI’\u0131 sunar ve API isteklerini i\u015fler.
\n* Rancher Agent:<\/strong> Y\u00f6netilecek her hosta kurulan hafif bir bile\u015fendir. Rancher Server ile ileti\u015fim kurar ve host \u00fczerindeki Docker konteynerlerini y\u00f6netir.<\/p>\n

Rancher, y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik, izleme, loglama, depolama entegrasyonlar\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenlik gibi bir\u00e7ok geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00f6zellik sunar.<\/p>\n

1.4 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS<\/h4>\n

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus), Nisan 2016’da piyasaya s\u00fcr\u00fclen ve uzun s\u00fcreli destek (Long Term Support) sunan bir Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Geni\u015f bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 taban\u0131na ve aktif bir toplulu\u011fa sahip olmas\u0131, kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve kapsaml\u0131 paket depolar\u0131 nedeniyle sunucu ortamlar\u0131nda yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu makalede, Rancher Server’\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak ve Docker Machine ile olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z hostlar i\u00e7in temel i\u015fletim sistemi olarak Ubuntu 16.04’\u00fc kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu versiyon, belirtilen ara\u00e7lar\u0131n sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli t\u00fcm bile\u015fenleri desteklemektedir.<\/p>\n

1.5 \u00d6nko\u015fullar<\/h4>\n

Bu rehberi takip edebilmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6nko\u015fullara sahip olman\u0131z gerekmektedir:<\/p>\n

* Ana Makine:<\/strong> Ubuntu 16.04 veya daha yeni bir Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 (veya macOS) \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran bir ana makineye (laptop\/masa\u00fcst\u00fc) ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olacakt\u0131r. Bu makine \u00fczerinde Docker, Docker Compose ve Docker Machine kurulu olacakt\u0131r.
\n* Docker:<\/strong> Ana makinenizde Docker Engine’in kurulu ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r durumda olmas\u0131.
\n* Docker Compose:<\/strong> Rancher Server’\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in Docker Compose’a ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z olacak.
\n* Docker Machine:<\/strong> Hostlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in Docker Machine kurulu olmal\u0131.
\n* Sanal Makine Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131:<\/strong> Docker Machine ile yerel olarak host olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in VirtualBox gibi bir sanalla\u015ft\u0131rma yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 kurulu olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kullanacaksan\u0131z, ilgili API eri\u015fim anahtarlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n olmas\u0131 gerekir.
\n* \u0130nternet Eri\u015fimi:<\/strong> T\u00fcm kurulum ve imaj indirme i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 gereklidir.
\n* Yeterli Kaynak:<\/strong> Olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sanal makineler i\u00e7in ana makinenizde yeterli RAM, CPU ve disk alan\u0131 bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r. Her bir Rancher d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in en az 2GB RAM ve 1 CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi \u00f6nerilir.<\/p>\n

2. Geli\u015ftirme Ortam\u0131n\u0131n Haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131<\/h3>\n

Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, ana makinemizde Docker, Docker Machine ve Rancher Server’\u0131 kuraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n

2.1 Docker, Docker Compose ve Docker Machine Kurulumu<\/h4>\n

Ubuntu 16.04 \u00fczerinde Docker, Docker Compose ve Docker Machine kurulumu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlarla ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir:<\/p>\n

1. Sistem Paketlerini G\u00fcncelleme:<\/strong><\/p>\n

sudo apt update\n    sudo apt upgrade -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.  Gerekli Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 Kurma:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo apt install -y apt-transport-https ca-certificates curl software-properties-common<\/code><\/pre>\n
3.  Docker GPG Anahtar\u0131n\u0131 Ekleme:<\/strong><\/p>\n
curl -fsSL https:\/\/download.docker.com\/linux\/ubuntu\/gpg | sudo apt-key add -<\/code><\/pre>\n
4.  Docker Stabil Deposu Ekleme:<\/strong><\/p>\n
sudo add-apt-repository \"deb [arch=amd64] https:\/\/download.docker.com\/linux\/ubuntu xenial stable\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
5.  Docker Engine Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\n    Depolar\u0131 g\u00fcncelledikten sonra Docker Engine’i kurun.<\/p>\n
sudo apt update\n    sudo apt install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io<\/code><\/pre>\n
6.  Kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 Docker Grubuna Ekleme (\u0130ste\u011fe Ba\u011fl\u0131 ama \u00d6nerilir):<\/strong>
\n    sudo<\/code> kullanmadan Docker komutlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 docker<\/code> grubuna ekleyin ve oturumu kapat\u0131p tekrar a\u00e7\u0131n veya yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER\n    # Yeni grubun etkinle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in oturumu kapat\u0131p tekrar a\u00e7\u0131n veya yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/code><\/pre>\n
7.  Docker Kurulumunu Do\u011frulama:<\/strong><\/p>\n
docker run hello-world<\/code><\/pre>\n
8.  Docker Compose Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\n    Docker Compose’un en son stabil s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirin. S\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in [Docker Compose GitHub Releases](https:\/\/github.com\/docker\/compose\/releases) sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
sudo curl -L \"https:\/\/github.com\/docker\/compose\/releases\/download\/1.29.2\/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)\" -o \/usr\/local\/bin\/docker-compose\n    sudo chmod +x \/usr\/local\/bin\/docker-compose<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Kurulumu do\u011frulay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
docker-compose --version<\/code><\/pre>\n
9.  Docker Machine Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\n    Docker Machine’in en son stabil s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirin. S\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in [Docker Machine GitHub Releases](https:\/\/github.com\/docker\/machine\/releases) sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
base=https:\/\/github.com\/docker\/machine\/releases\/download\/v0.16.2 && \\\n    curl -L ${base}\/docker-machine-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m) >\/tmp\/docker-machine && \\\n    sudo install \/tmp\/docker-machine \/usr\/local\/bin\/docker-machine<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Kurulumu do\u011frulay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
docker-machine --version<\/code><\/pre>\n
2.2 Rancher Server Kurulumu<\/h4>\n
Rancher Server’\u0131 ana makinemizde bir Docker konteyneri olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z. Bu, Rancher Server’\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 ve izole bir \u015fekilde kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
docker run -d --restart=unless-stopped -p 80:80 -p 443:443 --privileged rancher\/rancher:stable<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   -d<\/code>: Konteyneri arka planda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.
\n*   --restart=unless-stopped<\/code>: Konteyner durmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrece otomatik olarak yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131l\u0131r.
\n*   -p 80:80 -p 443:443<\/code>: Rancher UI’a HTTP ve HTTPS \u00fczerinden eri\u015fim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in portlar\u0131 e\u015fle\u015ftirir.
\n*   --privileged<\/code>: Rancher Server’\u0131n Docker soketine eri\u015fim gibi baz\u0131 \u00f6zel ayr\u0131cal\u0131klara sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu, Rancher’\u0131n Kubernetes k\u00fcmelerini y\u00f6netmesi i\u00e7in gereklidir.
\n*   rancher\/rancher:stable<\/code>: Rancher Server’\u0131n stabil s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc kullan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Konteynerin ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 birka\u00e7 dakika s\u00fcrebilir. Konteynerin durumunu kontrol etmek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
docker ps<\/code><\/pre>\n
Rancher Server \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra, web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan ana makinenizin IP adresine veya localhost<\/code>‘a (e\u011fer yerel makineden eri\u015fiyorsan\u0131z) giderek Rancher UI’a eri\u015febilirsiniz:
\nhttps:\/\/<\/code><\/p>\n
\u0130lk eri\u015fimde bir admin \u015fifresi belirlemeniz istenecektir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre belirledikten sonra Rancher UI’a giri\u015f yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
3. Docker Machine ile Hostlar\u0131n Olu\u015fturulmas\u0131<\/h3>\n
Rancher k\u00fcmemize ekleyece\u011fimiz hostlar\u0131 Docker Machine kullanarak olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu makalede VirtualBox’\u0131 sanal makine sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. E\u011fer farkl\u0131 bir bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 (AWS, DigitalOcean vb.) kullanacaksan\u0131z, docker-machine create<\/code> komutundaki --driver<\/code> parametresini ve ilgili bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi ek parametreleri de\u011fi\u015ftirmeniz gerekecektir.<\/p>\n
3.1 Sanal Makine Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 Se\u00e7imi ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
VirtualBox’\u0131 kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, ana makinenizde VirtualBox’\u0131n kurulu oldu\u011fundan emin olun. VirtualBox’\u0131n son s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc [resmi web sitesinden](https:\/\/www.virtualbox.org\/wiki\/Downloads) indirebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
3.2 Docker Machine ile Host Olu\u015fturma Komutlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
\u015eimdi Rancher k\u00fcmemiz i\u00e7in iki adet host olu\u015ftural\u0131m. Bu hostlar, daha sonra Rancher Agent’\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131racak ve Kubernetes d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleri olarak i\u015flev g\u00f6recektir.<\/p>\n
Her bir sanal makine i\u00e7in en az 2GB RAM ve 2 CPU \u00e7ekirde\u011fi atamak iyi bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n
# \u0130lk d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc olu\u015fturma\ndocker-machine create --driver virtualbox --virtualbox-memory \"2048\" --virtualbox-cpu-count \"2\" rancher-node-1\n\n
\u0130kinci d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc olu\u015fturma<\/h2>\ndocker-machine create --driver virtualbox --virtualbox-memory \"2048\" --virtualbox-cpu-count \"2\" rancher-node-2<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, VirtualBox \u00fczerinde rancher-node-1<\/code> ve rancher-node-2<\/code> ad\u0131nda iki sanal makine olu\u015fturacak, her birine Docker Engine’i kuracak ve ba\u015flatacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Olu\u015fturulan makineleri listelemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
docker-machine ls<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131, makinelerin adlar\u0131n\u0131, s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerini, durumlar\u0131n\u0131 ve IP adreslerini g\u00f6sterecektir. Her makinenin STATE<\/code> s\u00fctununun Running<\/code> oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\n
Her bir makineye SSH ile ba\u011flanarak temel sistem g\u00fcncellemelerini yapman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir:<\/p>\n
docker-machine ssh rancher-node-1 \"sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y\"\ndocker-machine ssh rancher-node-2 \"sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y\"<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu ad\u0131mlar, hostlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n Rancher Agent’\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak ve Kubernetes bile\u015fenlerini bar\u0131nd\u0131rmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131r olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
4. Rancher’a Hostlar\u0131n Eklenmesi<\/h3>\n
Hostlar\u0131m\u0131z haz\u0131r oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, bunlar\u0131 Rancher k\u00fcmesine ekleyebiliriz. Rancher, bu hostlar\u0131 y\u00f6neterek \u00fczerlerinde Kubernetes k\u00fcmesi olu\u015fturacak ve konteyner da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirecektir.<\/p>\n
4.1 Rancher UI \u00dczerinden Host Ekleme \u0130\u015flemi<\/h4>\n
1.  Rancher UI’a Giri\u015f:<\/strong> Web taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan Rancher UI’a eri\u015fin ve admin \u015fifrenizle giri\u015f yap\u0131n.
\n2.  Yeni K\u00fcme Olu\u015fturma:<\/strong> Sol \u00fcst k\u00f6\u015fedeki men\u00fcden “Cluster Management” (K\u00fcme Y\u00f6netimi) veya “Clusters” (K\u00fcmeler) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne gidin. “Create” (Olu\u015ftur) veya “Add Cluster” (K\u00fcme Ekle) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n3.  K\u00fcme Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 Se\u00e7imi:<\/strong> A\u00e7\u0131lan se\u00e7eneklerden “Custom” (\u00d6zel) se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in. Bu, mevcut hostlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kullanarak bir Kubernetes k\u00fcmesi olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z anlam\u0131na gelir.
\n4.  K\u00fcme Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Cluster Name:<\/strong> K\u00fcmenize bir isim verin, \u00f6rne\u011fin my-rancher-cluster<\/code>.
\n    *   Kubernetes Version:<\/strong> Mevcut stabil bir Kubernetes s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7in (Rancher’\u0131n \u00f6nerdi\u011fi s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc kullanmak genellikle en iyisidir).
\n    *   Network Provider:<\/strong> Kubernetes k\u00fcmenizin a\u011f ileti\u015fimini sa\u011flayacak CNI (Container Network Interface) eklentisini se\u00e7in. Flannel<\/code> veya Calico<\/code> yayg\u0131n se\u00e7eneklerdir. Basit kurulumlar i\u00e7in Flannel<\/code> genellikle yeterlidir.
\n    *   Di\u011fer varsay\u0131lan ayarlar\u0131 \u015fimdilik de\u011fi\u015ftirmeden b\u0131rakabilirsiniz.
\n5.  Host Se\u00e7enekleri:<\/strong> “Next” (\u0130leri) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klad\u0131ktan sonra, Rancher size hostlar\u0131 k\u00fcmenize eklemek i\u00e7in bir komut verecektir. Bu komut, her bir hostta \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken docker run<\/code> komutudur ve Rancher Agent’\u0131 i\u00e7erir.
\n    *   Node Roles (D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm Rolleri):<\/strong> Her d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm i\u00e7in hangi rolleri atayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 se\u00e7meniz gerekir:
\n        *   etcd:<\/strong> K\u00fcme durumunu depolayan da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k bir anahtar-de\u011fer deposu. Y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik i\u00e7in en az 3 etcd d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6nerilir.
\n        *   Control Plane:<\/strong> Kubernetes API sunucusu, zamanlay\u0131c\u0131 ve kontrol\u00f6r y\u00f6neticisini i\u00e7erir. K\u00fcmenin beyni gibidir.
\n        *   Worker:<\/strong> Uygulama konteynerlerini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerdir.
\n    *   Bizim kurulumumuzda, rancher-node-1<\/code> i\u00e7in etcd<\/code>, Control Plane<\/code> ve Worker<\/code> rollerini, rancher-node-2<\/code> i\u00e7in ise sadece Worker<\/code> rol\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7ebiliriz. Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fcmelerde etcd ve control plane rollerini ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlere atamak daha iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r.
\n    *   Rancher UI’da, se\u00e7ti\u011finiz roller i\u00e7in uygun docker run<\/code> komutunu g\u00f6receksiniz. Bu komutu kopyalay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
4.2 Rancher Agent’\u0131n Hostlara Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
Kopyalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z docker run<\/code> komutunu her bir Docker Machine hostunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
1.  \u0130lk D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm (rancher-node-1) i\u00e7in Agent Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\n    \u00d6nce rancher-node-1<\/code> ortam\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131n:<\/p>\n
eval $(docker-machine env rancher-node-1)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    \u015eimdi Rancher UI’dan kopyalad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z docker run<\/code> komutunu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n
sudo docker run -d --privileged --restart=unless-stopped --net=host -v \/etc\/kubernetes:\/etc\/kubernetes -v \/var\/run:\/var\/run rancher\/rancher-agent:v2.x.x.x --server https:\/\/ --token  --etcd --controlplane --worker<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Not: Yukar\u0131daki komut bir \u00f6rnektir. Rancher UI’dan alaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z komut, Rancher Server IP’niz ve token’\u0131n\u0131z ile birlikte daha uzun ve spesifik olacakt\u0131r.<\/em><\/p>\n
2.  \u0130kinci D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm (rancher-node-2) i\u00e7in Agent Kurulumu:<\/strong>
\n    \u015eimdi rancher-node-2<\/code> ortam\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015f yap\u0131n:<\/p>\n
eval $(docker-machine env rancher-node-2)<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Rancher UI’da sadece Worker<\/code> rol\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7ti\u011finizde size verilen docker run<\/code> komutunu yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n
sudo docker run -d --privileged --restart=unless-stopped --net=host -v \/etc\/kubernetes:\/etc\/kubernetes -v \/var\/run:\/var\/run rancher\/rancher-agent:v2.x.x.x --server https:\/\/ --token  --worker<\/code><\/pre>\n
Her iki d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmde de komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131ktan sonra, Rancher UI’daki “Cluster Management” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne geri d\u00f6n\u00fcn. Olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz k\u00fcmenin durumunu izleyin. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerin durumu ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Pending<\/code> (Beklemede) veya Provisioning<\/code> (Sa\u011flan\u0131yor) olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcnecektir. Kubernetes bile\u015fenleri indirilip kurulduk\u00e7a, durumlar\u0131 Active<\/code> (Aktif) olarak de\u011fi\u015fecektir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, a\u011f h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131za ve makine kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131za ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak birka\u00e7 dakika s\u00fcrebilir.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcme Active<\/code> duruma geldi\u011finde, art\u0131k Kubernetes k\u00fcmeniz Rancher taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilmeye haz\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5. Uygulama Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve Y\u00f6netimi<\/h3>\n
Rancher ve Kubernetes k\u00fcmemiz haz\u0131r oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, art\u0131k uygulamalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tabiliriz. Rancher UI, Kubernetes’in karma\u015f\u0131k yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131 basitle\u015ftirerek uygulama da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5.1 Namespace Olu\u015fturma<\/h4>\n
Kubernetes’te Namespace<\/code>‘ler, kaynaklar\u0131 (Pod’lar, Servisler, Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar vb.) mant\u0131ksal olarak izole etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Her uygulama veya tak\u0131m i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir namespace olu\u015fturmak iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1.  Rancher UI’da, olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz k\u00fcmenin ana ekran\u0131na gidin.
\n2.  Sol men\u00fcden “Projects\/Namespaces” (Projeler\/Ad Alanlar\u0131) se\u00e7ene\u011fine t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n3.  “Create Namespace” (Ad Alan\u0131 Olu\u015ftur) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n4.  Namespace’inize bir isim verin, \u00f6rne\u011fin my-app-namespace<\/code>.
\n5.  “Create” d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
5.2 Workload (Uygulama) Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131<\/h4>\n
\u015eimdi my-app-namespace<\/code> i\u00e7ine basit bir Nginx uygulamas\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tal\u0131m.<\/p>\n
1.  Rancher UI’da, sol men\u00fcden “Workloads” (\u0130\u015f Y\u00fckleri) alt\u0131nda “Deploy” (Da\u011f\u0131t) se\u00e7ene\u011fine t\u0131klay\u0131n.
\n2.  Name:<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131za bir isim verin, \u00f6rne\u011fin nginx-web<\/code>.
\n3.  Namespace:<\/strong> Az \u00f6nce olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz my-app-namespace<\/code>‘i se\u00e7in.
\n4.  Docker Image:<\/strong> Kullanmak istedi\u011finiz Docker imaj\u0131n\u0131 girin, \u00f6rne\u011fin nginx:latest<\/code>.
\n5.  Port Mapping:<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131n d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015filebilmesi i\u00e7in port e\u015fle\u015ftirmesi yap\u0131n.
\n    *   Container Port:<\/strong> Konteynerin i\u00e7inde uygulaman\u0131n dinledi\u011fi port (Nginx i\u00e7in varsay\u0131lan 80).
\n    *   Protocol:<\/strong> TCP<\/code>
\n    *   Listen Port (NodePort):<\/strong> Bu portu bo\u015f b\u0131rak\u0131rsan\u0131z Rancher otomatik bir NodePort atar. E\u011fer belirli bir NodePort istiyorsan\u0131z 30000-32767 aral\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir port belirleyebilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 30080<\/code>.
\n6.  Environment Variables (Ortam De\u011fi\u015fkenleri):<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu ortam de\u011fi\u015fkenlerini burada tan\u0131mlayabilirsiniz (\u00f6rne\u011fin, veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131 bilgileri).
\n7.  Scaling (\u00d6l\u00e7eklendirme):<\/strong> “Number of Pods” (Pod Say\u0131s\u0131) alan\u0131ndan uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n ka\u00e7 replika ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirleyebilirsiniz. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 i\u00e7in 1<\/code> veya 2<\/code> se\u00e7ebilirsiniz.
\n8.  Di\u011fer ayarlar\u0131 \u015fimdilik varsay\u0131lan olarak b\u0131rak\u0131n. “Launch” (Ba\u015flat) d\u00fc\u011fmesine t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Rancher, se\u00e7ti\u011finiz namespace i\u00e7inde bir Deployment ve ilgili ReplicaSet ile Pod’lar\u0131 olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. “Workloads” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde nginx-web<\/code> uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n durumunu ve Pod’lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
5.3 Service ve Ingress Olu\u015fturma<\/h4>\n
Uygulaman\u0131za d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in bir Kubernetes Service ve\/veya Ingress olu\u015fturman\u0131z gerekir. Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte NodePort Service otomatik olarak olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
*   Service (Servis):<\/strong> Bir grup Pod’a eri\u015fim sa\u011flayan soyut bir yap\u0131d\u0131r.
\n    *   ClusterIP:<\/strong> K\u00fcme i\u00e7inden eri\u015filebilir.
\n    *   NodePort:<\/strong> K\u00fcme d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan, d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm IP’si ve belirli bir port \u00fczerinden eri\u015filebilir.
\n    *   LoadBalancer:<\/strong> Bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131nda harici bir y\u00fck dengeleyici sa\u011flar.
\n*   Ingress:<\/strong> HTTP\/HTTPS trafi\u011fini k\u00fcme i\u00e7indeki servislere y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Daha karma\u015f\u0131k y\u00f6nlendirme kurallar\u0131 (host tabanl\u0131, yol tabanl\u0131) ve SSL sonland\u0131rma sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
E\u011fer NodePort ile eri\u015fim sa\u011flad\u0131ysan\u0131z, http:\/\/:<\/code> adresinden Nginx uygulaman\u0131za eri\u015febilirsiniz. \u00d6rne\u011fin, http:\/\/192.168.99.100:30080<\/code>.<\/p>\n
5.4 \u00d6l\u00e7eklendirme ve G\u00fcncelleme<\/h4>\n
Rancher UI, uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirmeyi ve g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirmeyi \u00e7ok kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
*   \u00d6l\u00e7eklendirme:<\/strong> “Workloads” b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n yan\u0131ndaki \u00fc\u00e7 noktaya t\u0131klay\u0131n ve “Scale” (\u00d6l\u00e7eklendir) se\u00e7ene\u011fini se\u00e7in. Pod say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rarak veya azaltarak uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7eklendirebilirsiniz. Rancher, yeni Pod’lar\u0131 otomatik olarak uygun d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlere da\u011f\u0131tacakt\u0131r.
\n*   G\u00fcncelleme:<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131z\u0131n Docker imaj\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcncellemek i\u00e7in “Upgrade” (G\u00fcncelle) se\u00e7ene\u011fini kullan\u0131n. Yeni imaj etiketini girin ve Rancher otomatik olarak rolling update (kademeli g\u00fcncelleme) yaparak uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 kesintisiz bir \u015fekilde g\u00fcncelleyecektir.<\/p>\n
5.5 \u0130zleme ve Log Y\u00f6netimi<\/h4>\n
Rancher, k\u00fcmeniz ve uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in temel izleme ve loglama yetenekleri sunar:<\/p>\n
*   Metrikler:<\/strong> Rancher UI’da “Cluster Explorer” (K\u00fcme Gezgini) alt\u0131ndaki “Monitoring” (\u0130zleme) b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnden d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm ve Pod metriklerini (CPU, RAM kullan\u0131m\u0131) g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.
\n*   Loglar:<\/strong> Herhangi bir Pod’un detay sayfas\u0131na giderek “Logs” (Loglar) sekmesinden Pod’un canl\u0131 loglar\u0131n\u0131 takip edebilirsiniz. Bu, sorun giderme s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7ok faydal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n*   Prometheus\/Grafana:<\/strong> Rancher, Prometheus ve Grafana tabanl\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015f izleme ve uyar\u0131 sistemlerini kolayca kurman\u0131za olanak tan\u0131r. Bu, daha detayl\u0131 metrik toplama ve g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme i\u00e7in idealdir.<\/p>\n
6. Geli\u015fmi\u015f Konular ve En \u0130yi Uygulamalar<\/h3>\n
\u00c7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc konteyner da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 daha sa\u011flam, g\u00fcvenli ve verimli hale getirmek i\u00e7in baz\u0131 geli\u015fmi\u015f konular\u0131 ve en iyi uygulamalar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
6.1 Y\u00fcksek Eri\u015filebilirlik (HA)<\/h4>\n
\u00dcretim ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n
*   Rancher Server HA:<\/strong> Tek bir Rancher Server konteyneri tek bir hata noktas\u0131d\u0131r. \u00dcretim ortamlar\u0131nda Rancher Server’\u0131 y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilir bir \u015fekilde kurmak i\u00e7in harici bir veritaban\u0131 (MySQL veya PostgreSQL), bir y\u00fck dengeleyici ve birden fazla Rancher Server konteyneri kullan\u0131l\u0131r.
\n*   Kubernetes Kontrol D\u00fczlemi HA:<\/strong> Kubernetes k\u00fcmesinin kontrol d\u00fczlemi (etcd, API Sunucusu, Zamanlay\u0131c\u0131, Kontrol\u00f6r Y\u00f6neticisi) i\u00e7in de y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik sa\u011flamak \u00f6nemlidir. En az 3 adet etcd<\/code> ve Control Plane<\/code> rol\u00fcne sahip d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm kullanarak bu sa\u011flanabilir.<\/p>\n
6.2 Depolama \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri<\/h4>\n
Konteynerler varsay\u0131lan olarak efemeraldir (ge\u00e7icidir). Uygulamalar\u0131n kal\u0131c\u0131 verilere ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011funda, Kubernetes’in Persistent Volume (PV) ve Persistent Volume Claim (PVC) mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak gerekir.<\/p>\n
*   NFS:<\/strong> Basit ve yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir a\u011f dosya sistemi.
\n*   Ceph:<\/strong> Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k bir depolama \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc.
\n*   Longhorn:<\/strong> Rancher taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen, Kubernetes i\u00e7in da\u011f\u0131t\u0131k blok depolama \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc.
\n*   Bulut Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 Depolamas\u0131:<\/strong> AWS EBS, Azure Disk, Google Persistent Disk gibi bulut sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n sundu\u011fu depolama hizmetleri.<\/p>\n
6.3 A\u011f Politikalar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Kubernetes a\u011f politikalar\u0131, Pod’lar aras\u0131ndaki veya Pod’lar ile d\u0131\u015f d\u00fcnya aras\u0131ndaki a\u011f ileti\u015fimini kontrol etmenizi sa\u011flar. Bu, g\u00fcvenlik ve izolasyon i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Calico, Canal gibi CNI eklentileri a\u011f politikalar\u0131n\u0131 destekler. Rancher UI \u00fczerinden a\u011f politikalar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlayabilir ve uygulayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
6.4 G\u00fcvenlik<\/h4>\n
Konteyner ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir konudur.<\/p>\n
*   RBAC (Role-Based Access Control):<\/strong> Rancher ve Kubernetes, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ve grup izinlerini y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in RBAC kullan\u0131r. Kimin hangi kaynaklara eri\u015febilece\u011fini ve hangi eylemleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilece\u011fini hassas bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlayabilirsiniz.
\n*   Kimlik Do\u011frulama:<\/strong> Rancher, LDAP, Active Directory, GitHub, Azure AD gibi harici kimlik do\u011frulama sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131yla entegre olabilir.
\n*   Konteyner G\u00fcvenli\u011fi:<\/strong> Konteyner imajlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in taramak (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Harbor gibi ara\u00e7larla), Pod Security Policies (PSP) uygulamak ve konteynerlerin ayr\u0131cal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlamak \u00f6nemlidir.
\n*   A\u011f G\u00fcvenli\u011fi:<\/strong> Firewall kurallar\u0131 ve a\u011f politikalar\u0131 ile k\u00fcme i\u00e7i ve k\u00fcme d\u0131\u015f\u0131 trafi\u011fi g\u00fcvenli hale getirin.<\/p>\n
6.5 CI\/CD Entegrasyonu<\/h4>\n
S\u00fcrekli Entegrasyon\/S\u00fcrekli Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m (CI\/CD) s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, uygulama da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 otomatikle\u015ftirmenin anahtar\u0131d\u0131r. Rancher, Jenkins, GitLab CI\/CD, Argo CD gibi pop\u00fcler CI\/CD ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla entegre edilebilir. Bu entegrasyonlar sayesinde, kod de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri otomatik olarak test edilebilir ve Kubernetes k\u00fcmesine da\u011f\u0131t\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
6.6 Yedekleme ve Geri Y\u00fckleme<\/h4>\n
K\u00fcme yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131n ve Rancher Server veritaban\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n d\u00fczenli olarak yedeklenmesi felaket kurtarma senaryolar\u0131 i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir. Rancher, k\u00fcme yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n (etcd verisi) ve Rancher Server’\u0131n kendi veritaban\u0131n\u0131n yedeklenmesi ve geri y\u00fcklenmesi i\u00e7in ara\u00e7lar ve prosed\u00fcrler sunar.<\/p>\n
7. Sorun Giderme ve Yayg\u0131n Hatalar<\/h3>\n
\u00c7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc bir ortam kurarken veya y\u00f6netirken baz\u0131 sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmak olas\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130\u015fte yayg\u0131n sorunlar ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri:<\/p>\n
7.1 A\u011f Sorunlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
*   Konteynerler Aras\u0131 \u0130leti\u015fim:<\/strong> Pod’lar veya Servisler aras\u0131 ileti\u015fimde sorun ya\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, CNI eklentinizin (Flannel, Calico) do\u011fru \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun. kubectl get pods -n kube-system<\/code> komutu ile a\u011f Pod’lar\u0131n\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin kube-flannel<\/code>) durumunu kontrol edin.
\n*   D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan Eri\u015fim:<\/strong> Uygulaman\u0131za d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015femiyorsan\u0131z, Service tipinin (NodePort, LoadBalancer) do\u011fru yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve ilgili portlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k oldu\u011fundan emin olun. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm firewall’lar\u0131n\u0131 (ufw, iptables) kontrol edin.
\n*   DNS \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme:<\/strong> Konteynerler i\u00e7inde DNS \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015f\u0131yorsan\u0131z, kube-dns<\/code> veya CoreDNS<\/code> Pod’lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ve k\u00fcme DNS ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.<\/p>\n
7.2 Kaynak Yetersizli\u011fi<\/h4>\n
*   CPU\/RAM:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerinizde veya Pod’lar\u0131n\u0131zda CPU veya RAM yetersizli\u011fi, uygulamalar\u0131n yava\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na veya \u00e7\u00f6kmesine neden olabilir. Rancher UI’dan veya kubectl top nodes<\/code> \/ kubectl top pods<\/code> komutlar\u0131yla kaynak kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 izleyin. Gerekirse d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlere daha fazla kaynak atay\u0131n veya daha fazla d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm ekleyin.
\n*   Disk Alan\u0131:<\/strong> D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerde veya konteynerlerde disk alan\u0131 yetersizli\u011fi, loglar\u0131n birikmesi veya imajlar\u0131n indirilememesi gibi sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir. df -h<\/code> komutuyla disk kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.<\/p>\n
7.3 Rancher Agent Ba\u011flant\u0131 Sorunlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
*   Rancher Server Eri\u015filebilirli\u011fi:<\/strong> Rancher Agent’\u0131n Rancher Server’a eri\u015febildi\u011finden emin olun. D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmden Rancher Server IP’sine ping<\/code> at\u0131n veya curl https:\/\/<\/code> komutuyla ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 test edin. Firewall’lar\u0131 kontrol edin.
\n*   Agent Loglar\u0131:<\/strong> Rancher Agent konteynerinin loglar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin:<\/p>\n
eval $(docker-machine env )\n    docker logs rancher-agent<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Hata mesajlar\u0131, ba\u011flant\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n nedenini anlaman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir.<\/p>\n
7.4 Docker Machine ve VirtualBox Hatalar\u0131<\/h4>\n
*   Sanal Makine Ba\u015flatma Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong> docker-machine ls<\/code> komutunda makinenin durumu Stopped<\/code> veya Error<\/code> ise, docker-machine start <\/code> komutunu deneyin. VirtualBox UI’dan da sanal makinenin durumunu kontrol edebilirsiniz.
\n*   IP Adresi \u00c7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131:<\/strong> Docker Machine taraf\u0131ndan atanan IP adreslerinin yerel a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdaki di\u011fer cihazlarla \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.
\n*   VirtualBox Geni\u015fletme Paketleri:<\/strong> Baz\u0131 durumlarda, VirtualBox’\u0131n geni\u015fletme paketlerinin (Extension Pack) kurulu olmas\u0131 gerekebilir.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
Bu makalede, Rancher ve Docker Machine kullanarak Ubuntu 16.04 \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc bir Docker ortam\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l kuraca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 ve y\u00f6netece\u011fimizi ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde ele ald\u0131k. Temel kavramlardan ba\u015flayarak, Rancher Server’\u0131n kurulumu, Docker Machine ile hostlar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131, bu hostlar\u0131n Rancher k\u00fcmesine eklenmesi ve son olarak \u00f6rnek bir uygulaman\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131 ve y\u00f6netimi ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 uygulad\u0131k. Ayr\u0131ca, y\u00fcksek eri\u015filebilirlik, depolama, g\u00fcvenlik ve CI\/CD entegrasyonu gibi geli\u015fmi\u015f konulara de\u011findik ve yayg\u0131n sorun giderme ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sunduk.<\/p>\n
Rancher ve Docker Machine kombinasyonu, karma\u015f\u0131k konteyner orkestrasyonunu basitle\u015ftiren g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ara\u00e7 setidir. Docker Machine, farkl\u0131 altyap\u0131lar \u00fczerinde tutarl\u0131 Docker hostlar\u0131 olu\u015fturma s\u00fcrecini otomatikle\u015ftirirken, Rancher kullan\u0131c\u0131 dostu aray\u00fcz\u00fc ve kapsaml\u0131 \u00f6zellikleriyle Kubernetes k\u00fcmelerini y\u00f6netmeyi son derece kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullanarak, geli\u015ftirme, test ve hatta k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli \u00fcretim ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7eklenebilir, g\u00fcvenilir ve y\u00f6netilebilir konteyner altyap\u0131lar\u0131 olu\u015fturabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, konteyner teknolojileri ve orkestrasyon platformlar\u0131 s\u00fcrekli geli\u015fmektedir. Bu makaledeki ad\u0131mlar Ubuntu 16.04 ve belirli Rancher\/Docker Machine s\u00fcr\u00fcmleri i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erli olsa da, temel prensipler daha yeni s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerde ve farkl\u0131 i\u015fletim sistemlerinde de benzerdir. Konteyner ekosistemindeki g\u00fcncel geli\u015fmeleri takip etmek ve en iyi uygulamalar\u0131 benimsemek, altyap\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n verimlili\u011fini ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fini s\u00fcrekli art\u0131rman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Bu rehber, konteyner yolculu\u011funuzda sa\u011flam bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Rancher ve Docker Machine ile Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerinde \u00c7ok D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmek\n\u00c7ok d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc (multi-node) da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar, modern u","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1468],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-31027","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-ubuntu","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nRancher ve Docker Machine ile Ubuntu 16.04 \u00dczerinde \u00c7ok D\u00fc\u011f\u00fcml\u00fc Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131 Y\u00f6netmek - 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