{"id":30886,"date":"2025-10-03T03:41:02","date_gmt":"2025-10-03T00:41:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?p=30886"},"modified":"2025-10-03T03:41:02","modified_gmt":"2025-10-03T00:41:02","slug":"maharayi-ubuntu-18-04-uzerine-kurulum-ve-yapilandirma-rehberi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/maharayi-ubuntu-18-04-uzerine-kurulum-ve-yapilandirma-rehberi\/","title":{"rendered":"Mahara’y\u0131 Ubuntu 18.04 \u00dczerine Kurulum ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Rehberi"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Mahara’y\u0131 Ubuntu 18.04 \u00dczerine Kurulum ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Rehberi<\/h2>\n

Mahara, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir e-portfolyo ve sosyal \u00f6\u011frenme platformudur. Bireylerin ve kurumlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme, geli\u015fim ve ba\u015far\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belgelemelerine, yans\u0131tmalar\u0131na ve payla\u015fmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r. Genellikle e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131nda (\u00fcniversiteler, okullar) ve profesyonel geli\u015fim ortamlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar, projelerini, \u00f6devlerini, sertifikalar\u0131n\u0131, \u00f6zge\u00e7mi\u015flerini ve di\u011fer \u00f6\u011frenme materyallerini bir araya getirebilir, bunlar\u0131 belirli kitlelerle (\u00f6\u011fretmenler, akranlar, potansiyel i\u015fverenler) payla\u015fabilir ve geri bildirim alabilirler. Mahara’n\u0131n esnek yap\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00fcnl\u00fckleri tutma, i\u015fbirli\u011fi i\u00e7inde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve bireysel geli\u015fim yolculuklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rselle\u015ftirme imkan\u0131 sunar.<\/p>\n

Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (Long Term Support) s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc, uzun s\u00fcreli deste\u011fi ve kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle sunucu ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in pop\u00fcler bir tercihtir. Bu makale, Mahara’n\u0131n Ubuntu 18.04 sunucusu \u00fczerine LAMP (Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP) y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131larak nas\u0131l kurulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve temel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klamaktad\u0131r. Bu rehber, teknik bilgiye sahip ancak Mahara kurulumunda yeni olan sistem y\u00f6neticileri ve geli\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n Gereksinimler<\/h3>\n

Mahara kurulumuna ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce baz\u0131 temel gereksinimlerin kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekmektedir. Bu gereksinimler, hem donan\u0131m hem de yaz\u0131l\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan stabil ve verimli bir Mahara deneyimi i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.<\/p>\n

Donan\u0131m Gereksinimleri<\/h4>\n

Mahara’n\u0131n performansl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in yeterli donan\u0131m kaynaklar\u0131na sahip bir sunucu gereklidir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 ve depolanacak veri miktar\u0131na g\u00f6re bu gereksinimler de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/p>\n

* \u0130\u015flemci (CPU):<\/strong> K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck kurulumlar i\u00e7in 2 \u00e7ekirdekli bir i\u015flemci yeterli olabilirken, orta ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7ekli kurulumlar i\u00e7in 4 veya daha fazla \u00e7ekirdek \u00f6nerilir.
\n* Bellek (RAM):<\/strong> Minimum 2 GB RAM ile ba\u015flanabilir, ancak 4 GB veya \u00fczeri RAM, \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ok say\u0131da e\u015f zamanl\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 veya yo\u011fun i\u015flem gerektiren durumlarda daha iyi performans sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.
\n* Depolama (Disk):<\/strong> \u0130\u015fletim sistemi ve Mahara dosyalar\u0131 i\u00e7in en az 20 GB bo\u015f alan gereklidir. Kullan\u0131c\u0131 dosyalar\u0131 (resimler, belgeler, videolar) i\u00e7in ek depolama alan\u0131 planlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. SSD diskler, I\/O performans\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan geleneksel HDD’lere g\u00f6re \u00f6nemli avantajlar sunar.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131l\u0131m Gereksinimleri<\/h4>\n

* \u0130\u015fletim Sistemi:<\/strong> Ubuntu 18.04 LTS (64-bit) y\u00fckl\u00fc, g\u00fcncel ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir sunucu.
\n* Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Yetkileri:<\/strong> Kurulum ad\u0131mlar\u0131 i\u00e7in sudo<\/code> yetkilerine sahip bir kullan\u0131c\u0131.
\n* SSH Eri\u015fimi:<\/strong> Sunucuya uzaktan eri\u015fim i\u00e7in SSH istemcisi.
\n* Alan Ad\u0131 (Opsiyonel ama \u00d6nerilir):<\/strong> Mahara \u00f6rne\u011finize eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir alan ad\u0131 (\u00f6rn. mahara.ornek.com<\/code>). Bu, SSL sertifikas\u0131 kurulumunu da kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sistem G\u00fcncellemesi ve Temel Paketlerin Kurulumu<\/h3>\n

Herhangi bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m kurulumuna ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce sistemin g\u00fcncel oldu\u011fundan emin olmak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu, g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kapat\u0131r ve olas\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 giderir.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk olarak, sunucunuza SSH arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ba\u011flan\u0131n ve a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n:<\/p>\n

sudo apt update\nsudo apt upgrade -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komutlar, paket listelerini g\u00fcncelleyecek ve mevcut t\u00fcm paketleri en son s\u00fcr\u00fcmlerine y\u00fckseltecektir. Ard\u0131ndan, baz\u0131 temel yard\u0131mc\u0131 programlar\u0131 y\u00fckleyebiliriz:<\/p>\n
sudo apt install software-properties-common unzip wget curl -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   software-properties-common<\/code>: Ek PPA’lar\u0131 (Personal Package Archive) y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in gereklidir.
\n*   unzip<\/code>: S\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f .zip<\/code> dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in.
\n*   wget<\/code>: Dosyalar\u0131 web’den indirmek i\u00e7in.
\n*   curl<\/code>: Web istekleri yapmak i\u00e7in, bazen indirme veya API etkile\u015fimleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
LAMP Y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Mahara, bir web sunucusu, veritaban\u0131 sunucusu ve PHP yorumlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 gerektiren bir web uygulamas\u0131d\u0131r. Ubuntu \u00fczerinde genellikle Apache, MySQL ve PHP \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fcs\u00fc (LAMP y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131) kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Apache Web Sunucusu Kurulumu<\/h4>\n
Apache, internet \u00fczerindeki en pop\u00fcler web sunucular\u0131ndan biridir. Mahara dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131lara sunmak i\u00e7in Apache’yi kuraca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n
sudo apt install apache2 -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra Apache servisinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl status apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u00c7\u0131kt\u0131da active (running)<\/code> ibaresini g\u00f6rmelisiniz. Apache varsay\u0131lan olarak 80 numaral\u0131 porttan HTTP trafi\u011fini dinler. Sunucunuzun IP adresini veya alan ad\u0131n\u0131 bir web taray\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na yazarak Apache’nin varsay\u0131lan “It works!” sayfas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik Duvar\u0131 Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 (UFW)<\/strong><\/p>\n
E\u011fer sunucunuzda UFW (Uncomplicated Firewall) etkinse, Apache’nin d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015filebilir olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in HTTP ve HTTPS portlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7man\u0131z gerekecektir.<\/p>\n
sudo ufw allow \"Apache Full\"\nsudo ufw enable # E\u011fer etkin de\u011filse\nsudo ufw status<\/code><\/pre>\n
Apache Full<\/code> profili, hem 80 (HTTP) hem de 443 (HTTPS) portlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n
Gerekli Apache Mod\u00fcllerinin Etkinle\u015ftirilmesi<\/strong><\/p>\n
Mahara’n\u0131n URL yeniden yazma (clean URLs) gibi \u00f6zellikleri i\u00e7in mod_rewrite<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcne ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, gelecekte SSL kullanmak isterseniz mod_ssl<\/code> ve baz\u0131 ba\u015fl\u0131k ayarlar\u0131 i\u00e7in mod_headers<\/code> da faydal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
sudo a2enmod rewrite\nsudo a2enmod headers\nsudo a2enmod ssl # \u0130leride SSL kullanmak i\u00e7in\nsudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
MySQL Veritaban\u0131 Sunucusu Kurulumu<\/h4>\n
Mahara, t\u00fcm verilerini (kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgileri, portfolyo i\u00e7erikleri, ayarlar vb.) bir veritaban\u0131nda saklar. MySQL (veya MariaDB), Mahara ile uyumlu pop\u00fcler bir veritaban\u0131 sunucusudur.<\/p>\n
sudo apt install mysql-server -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Kurulumdan sonra, veritaban\u0131 sunucunuzu g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na almak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki beti\u011fi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131z \u015fiddetle tavsiye edilir:<\/p>\n
sudo mysql_secure_installation<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu betik size bir dizi soru soracakt\u0131r:
\n*   VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN<\/code>: Y\u00fcksek g\u00fcvenlikli \u015fifreler i\u00e7in bu eklentiyi etkinle\u015ftirebilirsiniz. Genellikle “Y” ve ard\u0131ndan bir seviye se\u00e7ene\u011fi ile devam edilir.
\n*   Change the password for root ?<\/code>: MySQL root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifre belirleyin.
\n*   Remove anonymous users?<\/code>: “Y” (Anonim kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131n).
\n*   Disallow root login remotely?<\/code>: “Y” (Root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n uzaktan giri\u015fini engelleyin, g\u00fcvenlik i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilir).
\n*   Remove test database and access to it?<\/code>: “Y” (Test veritaban\u0131n\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131n).
\n*   Reload privilege tables now?<\/code>: “Y” (Yetki tablolar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden y\u00fckleyin).<\/p>\n
Mahara \u0130\u00e7in Veritaban\u0131 ve Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Olu\u015fturma<\/strong><\/p>\n
\u015eimdi Mahara i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir veritaban\u0131 ve bu veritaban\u0131na eri\u015febilecek bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 olu\u015fturmam\u0131z gerekiyor. Bu, g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc Mahara’n\u0131n root kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131yla veritaban\u0131na eri\u015fmesini engeller.<\/p>\n
MySQL komut istemcisine root olarak giri\u015f yap\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo mysql -u root -p<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u015eifrenizi girdikten sonra MySQL kabu\u011funa d\u00fc\u015feceksiniz. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. mahara_db<\/code>, mahara_user<\/code> ve GUCLU_SIFRE<\/code> k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 kendi istedi\u011finiz de\u011ferlerle de\u011fi\u015ftirin:<\/p>\n
CREATE DATABASE mahara_db CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;\nCREATE USER 'mahara_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'GUCLU_SIFRE';\nGRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON mahara_db.* TO 'mahara_user'@'localhost';\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;\nEXIT;<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   CREATE DATABASE<\/code>: Yeni bir veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fturur. utf8mb4<\/code> karakter seti ve utf8mb4_unicode_ci<\/code> harmanlamas\u0131, \u00e7e\u015fitli dillerdeki karakterleri ve emojileri desteklemek i\u00e7in \u00f6nerilir.
\n*   CREATE USER<\/code>: Yeni bir veritaban\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olu\u015fturur ve ona \u015fifre atar. @'localhost'<\/code> ifadesi, bu kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n yaln\u0131zca yerel sunucudan ba\u011flanabilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.
\n*   GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES<\/code>: Olu\u015fturulan kullan\u0131c\u0131ya mahara_db<\/code> veritaban\u0131 \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm yetkileri verir.
\n*   FLUSH PRIVILEGES<\/code>: Yetki tablolar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden y\u00fckleyerek de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin hemen etkili olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.
\n*   EXIT<\/code>: MySQL kabu\u011fundan \u00e7\u0131kar.<\/p>\n
PHP Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
Mahara, PHP ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ubuntu 18.04 varsay\u0131lan olarak PHP 7.2 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc sunar, bu da Mahara i\u00e7in yeterlidir. Mahara’n\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 PHP uzant\u0131lar\u0131na da ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z var.<\/p>\n
sudo apt install php7.2 libapache2-mod-php7.2 php7.2-mysql php7.2-gd php7.2-xml php7.2-mbstring php7.2-zip php7.2-curl php7.2-soap php7.2-intl php7.2-json php7.2-cli -y<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, PHP 7.2’yi Apache mod\u00fcl\u00fc olarak ve Mahara i\u00e7in gerekli temel uzant\u0131lar\u0131 y\u00fckler:
\n*   php7.2<\/code>: PHP yorumlay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131.
\n*   libapache2-mod-php7.2<\/code>: Apache’nin PHP dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flemesini sa\u011flar.
\n*   php7.2-mysql<\/code>: MySQL veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-gd<\/code>: Resim i\u015fleme i\u00e7in (\u00f6rne\u011fin profil resimleri).
\n*   php7.2-xml<\/code>: XML verilerini i\u015flemek i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-mbstring<\/code>: \u00c7ok baytl\u0131 karakter dizileri i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-zip<\/code>: Zip dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015flemek i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-curl<\/code>: URL’ler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla veri transferi i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-soap<\/code>: SOAP tabanl\u0131 web servisleri i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-intl<\/code>: Uluslararas\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma ve yerelle\u015ftirme deste\u011fi i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-json<\/code>: JSON verilerini i\u015flemek i\u00e7in.
\n*   php7.2-cli<\/code>: Komut sat\u0131r\u0131ndan PHP \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in (cron g\u00f6revleri i\u00e7in gerekli).<\/p>\n
PHP Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 (php.ini)<\/strong><\/p>\n
Mahara’n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck dosyalar\u0131 y\u00fckleyebilmesi ve uzun s\u00fcren i\u015flemleri tamamlayabilmesi i\u00e7in PHP ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlememiz gerekebilir. PHP yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 genellikle \/etc\/php\/7.2\/apache2\/php.ini<\/code> konumundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/php\/7.2\/apache2\/php.ini<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ayarlar\u0131 bulun ve Mahara’n\u0131n \u00f6nerilerine g\u00f6re veya kendi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re d\u00fczenleyin. memory_limit<\/code> ve upload_max_filesize<\/code> \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
memory_limit = 256M\nupload_max_filesize = 128M\npost_max_size = 128M\nmax_execution_time = 300\nmax_input_time = 300\ndate.timezone = Europe\/Istanbul ; Kendi zaman diliminizi ayarlay\u0131n<\/code><\/pre>\n
De\u011fi\u015fiklikleri kaydettikten sonra (Ctrl+O, Enter, Ctrl+X), Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flatarak PHP ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n etkili olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
Mahara Kurulumu<\/h3>\n
Art\u0131k LAMP y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131r oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re, Mahara’y\u0131 indirip kurabiliriz.<\/p>\n
Mahara \u0130ndirme<\/h4>\n
Mahara’n\u0131n en son stabil s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc resmi web sitesinden indirebilirsiniz. Bu rehber yaz\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131rada Mahara’n\u0131n 18.04 LTS s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc Ubuntu 18.04 ile uyumluydu. Genellikle download.mahara.org<\/code> adresinden indirilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6ncelikle, Mahara dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 indirece\u011fimiz ge\u00e7ici bir dizine gidelim:<\/p>\n
cd \/tmp<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ard\u0131ndan, wget<\/code> kullanarak Mahara’n\u0131n son stabil s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirin. S\u00fcr\u00fcm numaras\u0131 zamanla de\u011fi\u015febilir, bu y\u00fczden en g\u00fcncel olan\u0131 kontrol etmek i\u00e7in Mahara’n\u0131n resmi indirme sayfas\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret etmeniz \u00f6nerilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 20.10 s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirelim:<\/p>\n
wget https:\/\/launchpad.net\/mahara\/20.10\/20.10.1\/+download\/mahara-20.10.1.zip<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u0130ndirme tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f dosyay\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo unzip mahara-20.10.1.zip -d \/var\/www\/html\/mahara<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu komut, Mahara dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 \/var\/www\/html\/mahara<\/code> dizinine \u00e7\u0131karacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Dosya ve Dizin \u0130zinleri<\/h4>\n
Mahara’n\u0131n d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in belirli dizinlere web sunucusu kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (genellikle www-data<\/code>) taraf\u0131ndan yazma eri\u015fimi olmas\u0131 gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca, kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n y\u00fckledi\u011fi dosyalar\u0131 depolamak i\u00e7in ayr\u0131 bir veri dizini olu\u015fturmal\u0131y\u0131z. Bu veri dizini, g\u00fcvenlik nedeniyle web k\u00f6k dizininin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk olarak, Mahara’n\u0131n ana dizinine gidelim:<\/p>\n
cd \/var\/www\/html\/mahara<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u015eimdi, dataroot<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir dizin olu\u015ftural\u0131m. Bu dizini \/var\/www\/html<\/code> d\u0131\u015f\u0131na, \u00f6rne\u011fin \/var\/mahara_data<\/code> olarak olu\u015fturmak daha g\u00fcvenlidir:<\/p>\n
sudo mkdir \/var\/mahara_data<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ard\u0131ndan, Mahara’n\u0131n ana dizini ve dataroot<\/code> dizini i\u00e7in sahiplik ve izinleri ayarlay\u0131n:<\/p>\n
sudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\nsudo chmod -R 755 \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\n\nsudo chown -R www-data:www-data \/var\/mahara_data\nsudo chmod -R 700 \/var\/mahara_data<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   chown -R www-data:www-data<\/code>: Mahara dizini ve i\u00e7eri\u011finin sahipli\u011fini www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na ve grubuna atar.
\n*   chmod -R 755<\/code>: Mahara ana dizini i\u00e7in okuma, yazma, \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma izinleri verir (sahip i\u00e7in tam, grup ve di\u011ferleri i\u00e7in okuma\/\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma).
\n*   chmod -R 700<\/code>: dataroot<\/code> dizini i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca sahip kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131na (yani www-data<\/code>‘ya) tam eri\u015fim verir. Bu, web sunucusunun bu dizine yazabilmesini sa\u011flarken, di\u011fer kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n veya web’den do\u011frudan eri\u015fimi engeller.<\/p>\n
Apache Sanal Host Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h4>\n
Mahara’y\u0131 kendi alan ad\u0131n\u0131zdan veya \u00f6zel bir URL’den eri\u015filebilir k\u0131lmak i\u00e7in Apache’de bir sanal host yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 olu\u015fturmal\u0131y\u0131z.<\/p>\n
Yeni bir yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131 olu\u015ftural\u0131m:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/sites-available\/mahara.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki i\u00e7eri\u011fi dosyaya yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n. mahara.ornek.com<\/code> k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kendi alan ad\u0131n\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015ftirin. E\u011fer bir alan ad\u0131n\u0131z yoksa, sunucunuzun IP adresini kullanabilir veya ServerName<\/code> sat\u0131r\u0131n\u0131 yorum sat\u0131r\u0131 yapabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
\n    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost\n    ServerName mahara.ornek.com\n    DocumentRoot \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\n\n    \n        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks\n        AllowOverride All\n        Require all granted\n    <\/Directory>\n\n    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/mahara_error.log\n    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}\/mahara_access.log combined\n<\/VirtualHost><\/code><\/pre>\n
*   ServerName<\/code>: Mahara’ya eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lacak alan ad\u0131n\u0131 belirtir.
\n*   DocumentRoot<\/code>: Mahara dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu dizini g\u00f6sterir.
\n*   <\/code> blo\u011fu: Mahara dizini i\u00e7in \u00f6zel ayarlar yapar. AllowOverride All<\/code> Apache’nin .htaccess<\/code> dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 okumas\u0131na izin verir, bu da Mahara’n\u0131n URL yeniden yazma kurallar\u0131 i\u00e7in gereklidir.<\/p>\n
Yap\u0131land\u0131rma dosyas\u0131n\u0131 kaydedip \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra, bu sanal host’u etkinle\u015ftirin ve varsay\u0131lan Apache sitesini devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n (\u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in):<\/p>\n
sudo a2ensite mahara.conf\nsudo a2dissite 000-default.conf\nsudo systemctl restart apache2<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u015eimdi taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zdan http:\/\/mahara.ornek.com<\/code> (veya sunucunuzun IP adresi) adresine giderek Mahara web kurulum sihirbaz\u0131na eri\u015febilmelisiniz.<\/p>\n
Mahara Web Aray\u00fcz\u00fc \u00dczerinden Kurulum<\/h3>\n
Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda Mahara adresine gitti\u011finizde, Mahara’n\u0131n kurulum sihirbaz\u0131 sizi kar\u015f\u0131layacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1.  Dizin Kontrol\u00fc:<\/strong> Mahara, dataroot<\/code> dizininin eri\u015filebilir ve yaz\u0131labilir olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edecektir. Her \u015fey yolundaysa ye\u015fil tikler g\u00f6rmelisiniz.
\n2.  Veritaban\u0131 Ayarlar\u0131:<\/strong> Daha \u00f6nce olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz veritaban\u0131 bilgilerini girin:
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc:<\/strong> mysqli<\/code>
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 hostu:<\/strong> localhost<\/code>
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 ad\u0131:<\/strong> mahara_db<\/code> (veya sizin belirledi\u011finiz ad)
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131:<\/strong> mahara_user<\/code> (veya sizin belirledi\u011finiz ad)
\n    *   Veritaban\u0131 \u015fifresi:<\/strong> GUCLU_SIFRE<\/code> (veya sizin belirledi\u011finiz \u015fifre)
\n    *   Tablo \u00f6neki:<\/strong> Varsay\u0131lan mahara_<\/code> olarak b\u0131rak\u0131labilir.
\n3.  Site Ayarlar\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   Dataroot dizini:<\/strong> \/var\/mahara_data<\/code> (veya sizin belirledi\u011finiz yol).
\n    *   Site ad\u0131:<\/strong> Mahara sitenize bir ad verin (\u00f6rn. “\u00d6rnek \u00dcniversite e-Portfolyo”).
\n    *   Ana sayfa:<\/strong> Varsay\u0131lan ayarlar\u0131 b\u0131rakabilirsiniz.
\n4.  Y\u00f6netici Hesab\u0131:<\/strong> \u0130lk site y\u00f6neticisi hesab\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturun. Bu hesap, Mahara’n\u0131n t\u00fcm y\u00f6netim \u00f6zelliklerine eri\u015febilecektir. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131 ve \u015fifre belirledi\u011finizden emin olun. E-posta adresi do\u011fru olmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\n5.  Kurulumu Tamamla:<\/strong> Sihirbaz\u0131n kalan ad\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 takip edin. Mahara, veritaban\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturacak ve gerekli dosyalar\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, Mahara ana sayfas\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirileceksiniz ve olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz y\u00f6netici hesab\u0131yla giri\u015f yapabileceksiniz.<\/p>\n
Mahara Son Yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131<\/h3>\n
Kurulum tamamland\u0131ktan sonra, Mahara’n\u0131n daha verimli ve g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in baz\u0131 ek yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n
Cron \u0130\u015fleri<\/h4>\n
Mahara, e-posta bildirimleri g\u00f6nderme, istatistikleri g\u00fcncelleme, oturum temizli\u011fi yapma gibi d\u00fczenli bak\u0131m g\u00f6revlerini otomatikle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in cron i\u015flerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyar.<\/p>\n
Mahara’n\u0131n cron beti\u011fini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir cron i\u015fi olu\u015ftural\u0131m. www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n cron tablolar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenlemeliyiz:<\/p>\n
sudo crontab -u www-data -e<\/code><\/pre>\n
A\u00e7\u0131lan dosyaya a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sat\u0131r\u0131 ekleyin:<\/p>\n
\/5 <\/em>  <\/em> * \/usr\/bin\/php \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\/lib\/cli\/cron.php >\/dev\/null 2>&1<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu cron i\u015fi, Mahara’n\u0131n cron.php<\/code> beti\u011fini her 5 dakikada bir www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131lar \/dev\/null<\/code>‘a y\u00f6nlendirilir, bu da gereksiz e-postalar\u0131 veya loglar\u0131 \u00f6nler.<\/p>\n
E-posta Ayarlar\u0131<\/h4>\n
Mahara’n\u0131n kullan\u0131c\u0131 bildirimleri, \u015fifre s\u0131f\u0131rlama e-postalar\u0131 gibi i\u015flevleri i\u00e7in e-posta g\u00f6nderebilmesi gerekir. E-posta ayarlar\u0131, Mahara’n\u0131n config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131nda veya y\u00f6netim aray\u00fcz\u00fcnden yap\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131, \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\/config.php<\/code> konumundad\u0131r. Bu dosya, web aray\u00fcz\u00fcnden yap\u0131lan kurulumdan sonra otomatik olarak olu\u015fturulur. Gerekirse d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\/config.php<\/code><\/pre>\n
E-posta g\u00f6nderme y\u00f6ntemini (\u00f6rne\u011fin SMTP) yap\u0131land\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi sat\u0131rlar ekleyebilirsiniz (\u00f6rnek SMTP ayarlar\u0131):<\/p>\n
$cfg->smtphosts = 'smtp.example.com';\n$cfg->smtpusers = 'noreply@example.com';\n$cfg->smtppass = 'SmtpSifreniz';\n$cfg->smtpport = 587;\n$cfg->smtpauth = true;\n$cfg->smtpsecure = 'tls'; \/\/ veya 'ssl'\n$cfg->noreplyaddress = 'noreply@example.com';\n$cfg->replyaddress = 'noreply@example.com';<\/code><\/pre>\n
Bu ayarlar, Mahara’n\u0131n belirtilen SMTP sunucusu \u00fczerinden e-posta g\u00f6ndermesini sa\u011flar. Kendi e-posta sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n ayarlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcvenlik \u0130yile\u015ftirmeleri<\/h4>\n
Mahara kurulumunuzun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in baz\u0131 \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar:<\/p>\n
*   SSL\/TLS (HTTPS):<\/strong> Mahara’ya eri\u015fimi HTTPS \u00fczerinden sa\u011flamak, t\u00fcm veri trafi\u011fini \u015fifreleyerek g\u00fcvenli\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131r. Let’s Encrypt, \u00fccretsiz SSL sertifikalar\u0131 sa\u011flayan pop\u00fcler bir se\u00e7enektir.
\n    *   Certbot’u y\u00fckleyin: sudo apt install certbot python-certbot-apache -y<\/code>
\n    *   Sertifika al\u0131n: sudo certbot --apache -d mahara.ornek.com<\/code>
\n    *   Certbot, Apache yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131z\u0131 otomatik olarak g\u00fcncelleyecek ve SSL’yi etkinle\u015ftirecektir. Ayr\u0131ca, sertifikan\u0131n otomatik yenilenmesi i\u00e7in bir cron i\u015fi de ayarlayacakt\u0131r.
\n*   config.php<\/code> \u0130zinleri:<\/strong> config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131 hassas veritaban\u0131 kimlik bilgilerini i\u00e7erir. Bu dosyan\u0131n yaln\u0131zca web sunucusu taraf\u0131ndan okunabilir oldu\u011fundan emin olun:<\/p>\n
sudo chmod 640 \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\/config.php\n    sudo chown www-data:www-data \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\/config.php<\/code><\/pre>\n
*   dataroot<\/code> Dizin Eri\u015fimi:<\/strong> Daha \u00f6nce chmod 700<\/code> ile ayarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z gibi, dataroot<\/code> dizininin web’den do\u011frudan eri\u015filemez oldu\u011fundan emin olun. Bu, hassas kullan\u0131c\u0131 dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n if\u015fa olmas\u0131n\u0131 engeller.
\n*   Apache G\u00fcvenli\u011fi:<\/strong> Apache’nin ServerTokens Prod<\/code> ve ServerSignature Off<\/code> gibi ayarlar\u0131yla sunucu bilgilerini gizleyin. Bu ayarlar genellikle \/etc\/apache2\/conf-available\/security.conf<\/code> i\u00e7inde bulunur.<\/p>\n
sudo nano \/etc\/apache2\/conf-available\/security.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n
ServerTokens Prod\n    ServerSignature Off<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Ard\u0131ndan Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131n.<\/p>\n
Site Politikalar\u0131 ve Varsay\u0131lan Ayarlar<\/h4>\n
Mahara y\u00f6netim panelinden (Site Y\u00f6netimi -> Yap\u0131land\u0131rma -> Site Ayarlar\u0131) Mahara’n\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n
*   Kullan\u0131c\u0131 Kay\u0131tlar\u0131:<\/strong> Yeni kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n siteye nas\u0131l kaydolaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ayarlay\u0131n (\u00f6rne\u011fin, manuel onay, e-posta onay\u0131, d\u0131\u015f kimlik do\u011frulama).
\n*   Temalar:<\/strong> Sitenizin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in temalar\u0131 yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131n.
\n*   Eklentiler:<\/strong> Mahara’n\u0131n i\u015flevselli\u011fini geni\u015fletmek i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli eklentileri (\u00f6rne\u011fin LDAP kimlik do\u011frulamas\u0131, SAML) etkinle\u015ftirin veya devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131 b\u0131rak\u0131n.
\n*   Varsay\u0131lan Gruplar\/Kurumlar:<\/strong> Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n otomatik olarak atanaca\u011f\u0131 gruplar\u0131 veya kurumlar\u0131 belirleyin.<\/p>\n
Mahara Y\u00f6netimi ve Bak\u0131m\u0131<\/h3>\n
Mahara’n\u0131n uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc ve sorunsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli y\u00f6netim ve bak\u0131m faaliyetleri \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n
Yedekleme Stratejileri<\/h4>\n
Veri kayb\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in d\u00fczenli yedeklemeler kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.
\n*   Veritaban\u0131 Yedeklemesi:<\/strong> mysqldump<\/code> komutunu kullanarak Mahara veritaban\u0131n\u0131 yedekleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo mysqldump -u mahara_user -p mahara_db > \/path\/to\/backup\/mahara_db_$(date +%F).sql<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Bu komut, mahara_user<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 ile mahara_db<\/code> veritaban\u0131n\u0131n bir yede\u011fini al\u0131r. Bu komutu bir cron i\u015fi olarak d\u00fczenli aral\u0131klarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak iyi bir uygulamad\u0131r.
\n*   Dosya Sistemi Yedeklemesi:<\/strong> Mahara uygulama dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ve dataroot<\/code> dizinini yedekleyin:<\/p>\n
sudo tar -czvf \/path\/to\/backup\/mahara_app_$(date +%F).tar.gz \/var\/www\/html\/mahara\n    sudo tar -czvf \/path\/to\/backup\/mahara_data_$(date +%F).tar.gz \/var\/mahara_data<\/code><\/pre>\n
    Yedeklemeleri sunucudan ayr\u0131 bir depolama alan\u0131na (uzak bir sunucu, bulut depolama) ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 unutmay\u0131n.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcncelleme Prosed\u00fcrleri<\/h4>\n
Mahara g\u00fcncellemeleri, yeni \u00f6zellikler, g\u00fcvenlik d\u00fczeltmeleri ve performans iyile\u015ftirmeleri i\u00e7erir. G\u00fcncellemeleri yapmadan \u00f6nce her zaman yedekleme yap\u0131n ve resmi Mahara g\u00fcncelleme talimatlar\u0131n\u0131 dikkatlice okuyun. Temel ad\u0131mlar genellikle \u015funlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir:
\n1.  Mahara sitesini bak\u0131m moduna almak.
\n2.  Yeni Mahara s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc indirmek ve mevcut dosyalar\u0131n \u00fczerine yazmak.
\n3.  dataroot<\/code> ve config.php<\/code> gibi \u00f6zel dosyalar\u0131 korumak.
\n4.  Gerekirse veritaban\u0131 y\u00fckseltme beti\u011fini \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak (php htdocs\/admin\/cli\/upgrade.php<\/code>).
\n5.  \u00d6nbelle\u011fi temizlemek ve siteyi bak\u0131m modundan \u00e7\u0131karmak.<\/p>\n
Log Dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130zlenmesi<\/h4>\n
Apache, PHP ve Mahara’n\u0131n kendi log dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenli olarak kontrol etmek, olas\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 erken tespit etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.
\n*   Apache Loglar\u0131:<\/strong> \/var\/log\/apache2\/mahara_error.log<\/code> ve \/var\/log\/apache2\/mahara_access.log<\/code>
\n*   PHP Loglar\u0131:<\/strong> \/var\/log\/php\/php_errors.log<\/code> (e\u011fer php.ini<\/code> i\u00e7inde yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131ysa) veya Apache hata loglar\u0131 i\u00e7inde.
\n*   Mahara Loglar\u0131:<\/strong> dataroot<\/code> dizini i\u00e7inde yer alabilir.<\/p>\n
Sorun Giderme<\/h3>\n
Kurulum veya kullan\u0131m s\u0131ras\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131labilecek yayg\u0131n sorunlar ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleri:<\/p>\n
*   “Forbidden” veya “Internal Server Error” (500) Hatas\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   \u0130zin Sorunlar\u0131:<\/strong> Mahara dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n ve dataroot<\/code> dizininin www-data<\/code> kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan okunabilir\/yaz\u0131labilir oldu\u011fundan emin olun (chown<\/code>, chmod<\/code> komutlar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin).
\n    *   Apache Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131:<\/strong> AllowOverride All<\/code> ayar\u0131n\u0131n sanal host yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131zda etkin oldu\u011fundan ve .htaccess<\/code> dosyas\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n    *   PHP Hatalar\u0131:<\/strong> Apache hata loglar\u0131n\u0131 (\/var\/log\/apache2\/mahara_error.log<\/code>) veya PHP hata loglar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol edin.
\n*   Bo\u015f Sayfa:<\/strong> Genellikle PHP hatalar\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. display_errors<\/code> ayar\u0131n\u0131 php.ini<\/code> i\u00e7inde On<\/code> yaparak hata mesajlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz (yaln\u0131zca geli\u015ftirme ortam\u0131nda kullan\u0131n, \u00fcretimde Off<\/code> olmal\u0131).
\n*   Veritaban\u0131 Ba\u011flant\u0131 Hatas\u0131:<\/strong>
\n    *   config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131ndaki veritaban\u0131 kimlik bilgilerinin (kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131, \u015fifre, veritaban\u0131 ad\u0131) do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n    *   MySQL servisinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun (sudo systemctl status mysql<\/code>).
\n    *   MySQL kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n Mahara veritaban\u0131na eri\u015fim yetkisi oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n*   URL Yeniden Yazma Sorunlar\u0131 (Clean URLs \u00c7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131yor):<\/strong>
\n    *   mod_rewrite<\/code> mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn etkin oldu\u011fundan emin olun (sudo a2enmod rewrite<\/code>).
\n    *   Apache sanal host yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131zda <\/code> blo\u011fu i\u00e7inde AllowOverride All<\/code> ayar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n    *   Apache’yi yeniden ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdan emin olun.
\n*   E-posta G\u00f6nderilemiyor:<\/strong>
\n    *   config.php<\/code> dosyas\u0131ndaki SMTP ayarlar\u0131n\u0131n (host, port, kullan\u0131c\u0131 ad\u0131, \u015fifre) do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin olun.
\n    *   SMTP sunucunuzun g\u00fcvenlik duvar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan engellenmedi\u011finden emin olun.
\n    *   Mahara’n\u0131n cron i\u015finin d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olun.<\/p>\n
Sonu\u00e7<\/h3>\n
Bu kapsaml\u0131 rehber, Mahara’n\u0131n Ubuntu 18.04 LTS \u00fczerine LAMP y\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131larak nas\u0131l kurulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve temel yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar\u0131n\u0131n nas\u0131l yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kurulumdan sistem g\u00fcncellemesine, Apache, MySQL ve PHP bile\u015fenlerinin yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, Mahara dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015ftirilmesine ve sonras\u0131nda web tabanl\u0131 kurulumun tamamlanmas\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm s\u00fcre\u00e7 detayland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, cron i\u015fleri, e-posta ayarlar\u0131, g\u00fcvenlik iyile\u015ftirmeleri ve yedekleme stratejileri gibi \u00f6nemli kurulum sonras\u0131 ad\u0131mlar ve yayg\u0131n sorun giderme y\u00f6ntemleri de ele al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Mahara, e\u011fitim ve ki\u015fisel geli\u015fim i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir e-portfolyo platformu sunar. Bu rehberi takip ederek, kendi Mahara \u00f6rne\u011finizi ba\u015far\u0131yla kurabilir ve kurumunuzun veya ki\u015fisel \u00f6\u011frenme yolculu\u011funuzun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmeye ba\u015flayabilirsiniz. Unutmay\u0131n ki, herhangi bir sunucu uygulamas\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, d\u00fczenli bak\u0131m, g\u00fcvenlik g\u00fcncellemeleri ve yedeklemeler, Mahara kurulumunuzun uzun vadeli kararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi i\u00e7in hayati \u00f6neme sahiptir. Daha fazla bilgi ve geli\u015fmi\u015f yap\u0131land\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in Mahara’n\u0131n resmi belgelerine ba\u015fvurman\u0131z \u00f6nerilir.<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Mahara’y\u0131 Ubuntu 18.04 \u00dczerine Kurulum ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Rehberi\nMahara, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir e-portfolyo ve sosyal \u00f6\u011frenme platformudur. Bireyle","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1468],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-30886","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-ubuntu","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nMahara'y\u0131 Ubuntu 18.04 \u00dczerine Kurulum ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Rehberi - Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/maharayi-ubuntu-18-04-uzerine-kurulum-ve-yapilandirma-rehberi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mahara'y\u0131 Ubuntu 18.04 \u00dczerine Kurulum ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Rehberi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mahara'y\u0131 Ubuntu 18.04 \u00dczerine Kurulum ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rma Rehberi Mahara, a\u00e7\u0131k kaynakl\u0131 bir e-portfolyo ve sosyal \u00f6\u011frenme platformudur. 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