{"id":27493,"date":"2025-08-14T09:15:25","date_gmt":"2025-08-14T06:15:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/"},"modified":"2025-08-14T09:15:25","modified_gmt":"2025-08-14T06:15:25","slug":"postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL: WHERE K\u0131sm\u0131nda SUM Kullan\u0131m\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p># PostgreSQL&#8217;de SUM Fonksiyonunu WHERE Klauzuyla Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131r\u0131m?<\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL veritaban\u0131n\u0131zda toplama i\u015flemleri yaparken, belirli ko\u015fullar\u0131 sa\u011flayan sat\u0131rlardaki de\u011ferleri toplaman\u0131z gerekebilir.  Bu noktada, <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonunu <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzuyla birlikte kullanmak olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Bu makalede, PostgreSQL&#8217;de <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> ve <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m, ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya \u00f6rnekleriyle ve performans optimizasyon teknikleriyle ele alaca\u011f\u0131z.  Veritaban\u0131 sorgulamalar\u0131n\u0131zda daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve verimli olman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacak bu rehber, yeni ba\u015flayanlardan ileri seviye kullan\u0131c\u0131lara kadar herkese hitap etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PostgreSQL&#8217;de SUM ve WHERE: Temel Kavramlar<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonu, belirtilen s\u00fct\u00fcndaki say\u0131sal de\u011ferlerin toplam\u0131n\u0131 hesaplar. <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu ise, <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonunun hangi sat\u0131rlarda i\u015flem yapaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.  Basit\u00e7e, <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu, <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonunun i\u015flem yapaca\u011f\u0131 veri alt k\u00fcmesini filtreler.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131\u015f tablosunda, belirli bir tarih aral\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki toplam sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> ve <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> birlikte kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6ncelikle, basit bir \u00f6rnek \u00fczerinden konuyu anlayal\u0131m.  <code class=\"language-\">urunler<\/code> ad\u0131nda bir tablo d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim:<\/p>\n<p>| urun_id | urun_adi | fiyat | satis_adedi |<br \/>\n|&#8212;|&#8212;|&#8212;|&#8212;|<br \/>\n| 1 | Elma | 5 | 100 |<br \/>\n| 2 | Armut | 7 | 50 |<br \/>\n| 3 | Muz | 3 | 150 |<br \/>\n| 4 | Portakal | 4 | 80 |<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin toplam sat\u0131\u015f gelirini hesaplamak i\u00e7in \u015fu sorguyu kullanabiliriz:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(fiyat * satis_adedi) AS toplam_gelir FROM urunler;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Ancak, sadece elma ve armutun toplam sat\u0131\u015f gelirini hesaplamak istersek, <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu devreye girer:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(fiyat * satis_adedi) AS toplam_gelir FROM urunler WHERE urun_adi IN ('Elma', 'Armut');<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>SUM ve WHERE&#8217;i Kullanman\u0131n Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Rehberi (\u00d6\u011frenme Yol Haritas\u0131)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Yeni Ba\u015flayan:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 1:<\/strong>  Bir PostgreSQL veritaban\u0131 olu\u015fturun ve \u00f6rnek bir tablo ekleyin. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kod, <code class=\"language-\">musteriler<\/code> adl\u0131 bir tablo olu\u015fturur ve baz\u0131 \u00f6rnek veriler ekler:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>CREATE TABLE musteriler (\n    musteri_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\n    musteri_adi VARCHAR(255),\n    siparis_tutari NUMERIC\n);\n\nINSERT INTO musteriler (musteri_adi, siparis_tutari) VALUES\n('Ahmet', 100),\n('Ay\u015fe', 150),\n('Mehmet', 200),\n('Fatma', 120),\n('Ali', 80);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 2:<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">musteriler<\/code> tablosundaki t\u00fcm m\u00fc\u015fterilerin toplam sipari\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayal\u0131m:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(siparis_tutari) AS toplam_siparis_tutari FROM musteriler;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Ad\u0131m 3:<\/strong>  Sipari\u015f tutar\u0131 150 TL&#8217;den fazla olan m\u00fc\u015fterilerin toplam sipari\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayal\u0131m:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(siparis_tutari) AS toplam_siparis_tutari FROM musteriler WHERE siparis_tutari &gt; 150;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Orta Seviye:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Ger\u00e7ek Hayat \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/strong>  Bir e-ticaret sitesinin verilerini ele alal\u0131m.  <code class=\"language-\">siparisler<\/code> adl\u0131 bir tabloda, her sipari\u015fin tutar\u0131 ve sipari\u015f tarihi bulunmaktad\u0131r.  Eyl\u00fcl ay\u0131nda yap\u0131lan toplam sipari\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(siparis_tutari) AS toplam_eylul_satislari\nFROM siparisler\nWHERE siparis_tarihi BETWEEN '2024-09-01' AND '2024-09-30';<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Optimizasyon \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131:<\/strong>  B\u00fcy\u00fck veritabanlar\u0131nda performans\u0131 art\u0131rmak i\u00e7in indeksleme \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.  <code class=\"language-\">siparis_tarihi<\/code> s\u00fctununa bir indeks eklemek sorgu h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131rabilir:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>CREATE INDEX siparis_tarihi_index ON siparisler (siparis_tarihi);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>\u0130leri Seviye:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Performans Analizi:<\/strong>  Karma\u015f\u0131k sorgular\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 analiz etmek i\u00e7in <code class=\"language-\">EXPLAIN ANALYZE<\/code> komutunu kullanabiliriz.  Bu komut, sorguyu \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmadan \u00f6nce nas\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclece\u011fini ve ne kadar s\u00fcrece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.  \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>EXPLAIN ANALYZE SELECT SUM(siparis_tutari) FROM siparisler WHERE siparis_tarihi BETWEEN '2024-09-01' AND '2024-09-30';<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Edge Case&#8217;ler:<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">NULL<\/code> de\u011ferler <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonunu etkiler.  <code class=\"language-\">NULL<\/code> de\u011ferleri toplama i\u015flemine dahil etmek istemiyorsan\u0131z, <code class=\"language-\">COALESCE<\/code> fonksiyonunu kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(COALESCE(siparis_tutari, 0)) AS toplam_siparis_tutari FROM siparisler;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu, <code class=\"language-\">siparis_tutari<\/code> s\u00fctununda <code class=\"language-\">NULL<\/code> olan sat\u0131rlar\u0131n 0 olarak kabul edilmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Karma\u015f\u0131k Durumlar ve Pratik \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bazen, <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonunu <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzuyla birlikte kullan\u0131rken daha karma\u015f\u0131k ko\u015fullar tan\u0131mlaman\u0131z gerekebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, birden fazla ko\u015fulu ayn\u0131 anda de\u011ferlendirmeniz veya alt sorgular kullanman\u0131z gerekebilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong> Bir m\u00fc\u015fteri veritaban\u0131nda, belirli bir \u015fehirde ya\u015fayan ve sipari\u015f tutar\u0131 100 TL&#8217;den fazla olan m\u00fc\u015fterilerin toplam sipari\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131 bulmak isteyelim.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(siparis_tutari) AS toplam_siparis\nFROM musteriler\nWHERE sehir = '\u0130stanbul' AND siparis_tutari &gt; 100;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekte, <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu iki ko\u015fulu (<code class=\"language-\">sehir = '\u0130stanbul'<\/code> ve <code class=\"language-\">siparis_tutari > 100<\/code>) <code class=\"language-\">AND<\/code> operat\u00f6r\u00fcyle birle\u015ftirerek sadece bu ko\u015fullar\u0131 sa\u011flayan m\u00fc\u015fterilerin sipari\u015f tutarlar\u0131n\u0131n toplam\u0131n\u0131 hesaplar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Alt Sorgular:<\/strong>  Daha karma\u015f\u0131k senaryolar i\u00e7in alt sorgular kullanabiliriz.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, belirli bir \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc satan m\u00fc\u015fterilerin toplam sipari\u015f tutar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamak i\u00e7in:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT SUM(siparis_tutari)\nFROM musteriler\nWHERE musteri_id IN (SELECT musteri_id FROM siparisler WHERE urun_id = 123);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Performans Optimizasyonu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck veri setlerinde <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> ve <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> kombinasyonunun performans\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<p>* <strong>\u0130ndeksler:<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu i\u00e7inde kullan\u0131lan s\u00fctunlara indeks eklemek, sorgu s\u00fcresini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>WHERE klauzu optimizasyonu:<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu i\u00e7inde gereksiz ko\u015fullar kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n.  Ko\u015fullar\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131n\u0131 optimize etmek de performans\u0131 etkileyebilir.<br \/>\n* <strong>Veri tipleri:<\/strong>  Uygun veri tipleri kullanmak, veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinin daha h\u0131zl\u0131 yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<br \/>\n* <strong>Sorgu planlamas\u0131:<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">EXPLAIN<\/code> komutunu kullanarak sorgu plan\u0131n\u0131 inceleyin ve performans\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in gerekli de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri yap\u0131n.  <code class=\"language-\">ANALYZE<\/code> ekleyerek ger\u00e7ek \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresini de inceleyebilirsiniz.<br \/>\n* <strong>Par\u00e7alama (Partitioning):<\/strong> B\u00fcy\u00fck tablolar\u0131 par\u00e7alara ay\u0131rmak,  belirli bir par\u00e7aya ait veriler \u00fczerinde i\u015flem yaparken performans\u0131 art\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL&#8217;de <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonunu <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzuyla birlikte kullanmak, veritaban\u0131 sorgulamalar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc ve verimlili\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131r.  Bu makalede ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00f6rnekler ve optimizasyon teknikleri, farkl\u0131 karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k seviyelerindeki sorgulamalar\u0131n\u0131zda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.  Uygulamaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6rnekler ve ad\u0131m ad\u0131m rehber ile, PostgreSQL yeteneklerinizi geli\u015ftirebilir ve daha karma\u015f\u0131k veritaban\u0131 analizleri yapabilirsiniz.  Daha fazla bilgi ve ileri seviye PostgreSQL teknikleri i\u00e7in [fatihsoysal.com](https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com) adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. <strong><code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonu <code class=\"language-\">NULL<\/code> de\u011ferleri nas\u0131l ele al\u0131r?<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonu <code class=\"language-\">NULL<\/code> de\u011ferleri dikkate almaz.  <code class=\"language-\">NULL<\/code> de\u011ferleri dahil etmek i\u00e7in <code class=\"language-\">COALESCE<\/code> fonksiyonu kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>2. <strong><code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu i\u00e7inde birden fazla ko\u015ful nas\u0131l kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">AND<\/code> ve <code class=\"language-\">OR<\/code> operat\u00f6rleri kullan\u0131larak birden fazla ko\u015ful birle\u015ftirilebilir.<\/p>\n<p>3. <strong><code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonunun performans\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l optimize ederim?<\/strong>  \u0130ndeksleme, <code class=\"language-\">WHERE<\/code> klauzu optimizasyonu ve uygun veri tipleri kullan\u0131m\u0131 performans\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>4.  <strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck tablolar i\u00e7in performans nas\u0131l iyile\u015ftirilir?<\/strong>  Par\u00e7alama (partitioning) ve materyalize g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm (materialized view) teknikleri kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>5.  <strong><code class=\"language-\">SUM<\/code> fonksiyonu ile birlikte ba\u015fka hangi fonksiyonlar kullan\u0131labilir?<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">AVG<\/code>, <code class=\"language-\">COUNT<\/code>, <code class=\"language-\">MIN<\/code>, <code class=\"language-\">MAX<\/code> gibi di\u011fer agrega fonksiyonlar\u0131 ile birlikte kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>Yazar: Fatih Soysal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"# PostgreSQL&#8217;de SUM Fonksiyonunu WHERE Klauzuyla Nas\u0131l Kullan\u0131r\u0131m? PostgreSQL veritaban\u0131n\u0131zda toplama i\u015flemleri yaparken, belirli ko\u015fullar\u0131 sa\u011flayan sat\u0131rlardaki de\u011ferleri&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[644],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-27493","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-postgresql","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PostgreSQL: WHERE K\u0131sm\u0131nda SUM Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi\u00e7bir etiketi bulunamad\u0131.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PostgreSQL: WHERE K\u0131sm\u0131nda SUM Kullan\u0131m\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hi\u00e7bir etiketi bulunamad\u0131.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-08-14T06:15:25+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"PostgreSQL: WHERE K\u0131sm\u0131nda SUM Kullan\u0131m\u0131\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-08-14T06:15:25+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/\"},\"wordCount\":879,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"PostgreSQL\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/\",\"name\":\"PostgreSQL: WHERE K\u0131sm\u0131nda SUM Kullan\u0131m\u0131\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-08-14T06:15:25+00:00\",\"description\":\"Hi\u00e7bir etiketi bulunamad\u0131.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-where-kisminda-sum-kullanimi\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Anasayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"PostgreSQL: WHERE K\u0131sm\u0131nda SUM Kullan\u0131m\u0131\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Fatihsoysal.com\",\"description\":\"Blog - 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