Python’da __name__ ve __main__: Script \u00c7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve Mod\u00fcl \u0130\u00e7e Aktarma<\/p>\n
Python’da “__name__” ve “__main__” kavramlar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle bir script’in nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve mod\u00fcllerin nas\u0131l i\u00e7e aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. Bu kavramlar\u0131 anlamak, kodunuzu daha iyi organize etmenizi, tekrarlayan kodu \u00f6nlemenizi ve mod\u00fcler bir \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirmenizi sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Her Python dosyas\u0131 (mod\u00fcl) “__name__” ad\u0131nda \u00f6zel bir de\u011fi\u015fkene sahiptir. “__name__” de\u011fi\u015fkeni, dosyan\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak farkl\u0131 bir de\u011fer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bu davran\u0131\u015f, kodunuzu ko\u015fullu olarak \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir script’in do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gereken kodlar\u0131 ve bir mod\u00fcl olarak i\u00e7e aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 gereken kodlar\u0131 ay\u0131rabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
“__main__” blo\u011fu, Python’da bir script’in nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan temel bir yap\u0131d\u0131r. Bu blok, script’in do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan kodlar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.<\/p>\n
“__main__” blo\u011fu, if ko\u015fulu kullan\u0131larak olu\u015fturulur:<\/p>\n
“`python
\nif __name__ == “__main__”:
\n # Bu kod sadece script do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r
\n“`<\/p>\n
“__main__” blo\u011fu genellikle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibi kullan\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n
“__name__” \u00f6zelli\u011fi, mod\u00fcllerin nas\u0131l i\u00e7e aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Python’da bir mod\u00fcl\u00fc i\u00e7e aktar\u0131rken, o mod\u00fcl\u00fcn “__name__” \u00f6zelli\u011fi mod\u00fcl\u00fcn ad\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rne\u011fin, bir “mymodule.py” adl\u0131 bir dosyam\u0131z oldu\u011funu varsayal\u0131m. Bu dosyay\u0131 “main.py” adl\u0131 bir di\u011fer dosyadan i\u00e7e aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131n\u0131n “__name__” \u00f6zelli\u011fi “mymodule” olacakt\u0131r. “main.py” dosyas\u0131ndan “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rsak, “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131n\u0131n “__name__” \u00f6zelli\u011fi “__main__” olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
“__name__” ve “__main__” \u00f6zellikleri, Python’da bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 kullan\u0131m alan\u0131na sahiptir. \u0130\u015fte birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek:<\/p>\n
“`python
\n# mymodule.py<\/p>\n
def greet(name):
\n print(f”Merhaba {name}!”)<\/p>\n
if __name__ == “__main__”:
\n greet(“Fatih”)
\n“`<\/p>\n
“`python
\n# main.py<\/p>\n
import mymodule<\/p>\n
mymodule.greet(“Soysal”)
\n“`<\/p>\n
Bu \u00f6rnekte, “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131 bir mod\u00fcl olarak i\u00e7e aktar\u0131l\u0131r ve “main.py” dosyas\u0131 “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131ndaki “greet” fonksiyonunu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131r. “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131nda “greet” fonksiyonunun do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilirsiniz. Bu durumda, “mymodule.py” dosyas\u0131ndaki “if __name__ == “__main__”: ” blo\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak ve “greet(“Fatih”)” fonksiyonunu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
“__name__” ve “__main__” \u00f6zellikleri, Python’da script’lerin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve mod\u00fcllerin nas\u0131l i\u00e7e aktar\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemlidir. Bu kavramlar\u0131 anlamak, daha iyi organize edilmi\u015f, tekrarlayan kodlar\u0131 olmayan ve mod\u00fcler bir \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f kodlar yazman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. <\/p>\n
Daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kaynaklar\u0131 ziyaret edebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n