{"id":25714,"date":"2025-07-12T09:21:27","date_gmt":"2025-07-12T06:21:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/"},"modified":"2025-07-12T09:21:27","modified_gmt":"2025-07-12T06:21:27","slug":"postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL: S\u00fct\u00fcndaki Bo\u015f De\u011ferleri Sayma"},"content":{"rendered":"<p># PostgreSQL&#8217;de NULL De\u011ferleri Nas\u0131l Say\u0131l\u0131r?<\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL veritaban\u0131n\u0131zda bir s\u00fct\u00fcndaki NULL de\u011ferlerini sayman\u0131z m\u0131 gerekiyor?  Veri analizi, raporlama veya veri temizli\u011fi s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan bu durum, beklenmedik sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir. Bu makale, PostgreSQL&#8217;de NULL de\u011ferlerini sayman\u0131n farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerini, performans optimizasyonunu ve ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya \u00f6rneklerini ad\u0131m ad\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klayarak, yeni ba\u015flayanlardan uzmanlara kadar herkes i\u00e7in kapsaml\u0131 bir rehber sunmaktad\u0131r.  NULL de\u011ferlerini do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde saymak, verilerinizin g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde analiz edilmesini sa\u011flar ve yanl\u0131\u015f sonu\u00e7lardan ka\u00e7\u0131nman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6\u011frenme Yol Haritas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu makale, PostgreSQL&#8217;de NULL de\u011ferlerini saymay\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in kademeli bir yol haritas\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yeni Ba\u015flayan:<\/strong>  Basit <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(*)<\/code> ve <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(column_name)<\/code> fonksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131, ad\u0131m ad\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131klama ve basit kod \u00f6rnekleri.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Orta Seviye:<\/strong> Ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya senaryolar\u0131,  <code class=\"language-\">CASE<\/code> ifadeleriyle daha karma\u015f\u0131k ko\u015fullar\u0131n eklenmesi, performans optimizasyon ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 ve indeksleme stratejileri.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130leri Seviye:<\/strong>  Performans analizi, b\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmeleri i\u00e7in optimizasyon teknikleri, edge case&#8217;ler ve farkl\u0131 veri tipleri i\u00e7in NULL de\u011ferlerinin ele al\u0131nmas\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PostgreSQL&#8217;de NULL De\u011ferlerinin Temel Kavramlar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL, di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok ili\u015fkisel veritaban\u0131 sistemi gibi, NULL de\u011ferini bilinmeyen veya mevcut olmayan bir de\u011fer olarak tan\u0131mlar.  NULL, s\u0131f\u0131r veya bo\u015f bir dizeyle ayn\u0131 de\u011fildir.  Bu \u00f6nemli bir ayr\u0131m, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(*)<\/code> fonksiyonu t\u00fcm sat\u0131rlar\u0131 sayarken, <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(column_name)<\/code> fonksiyonu yaln\u0131zca o s\u00fctunda NULL olmayan de\u011ferlere sahip sat\u0131rlar\u0131 sayar. Bu nedenle, NULL de\u011ferlerini saymak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel teknikler kullanmam\u0131z gerekir.  NULL de\u011ferleri genellikle veritaban\u0131nda eksik veya ge\u00e7ersiz verileri temsil eder ve veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc etkileyebilir.  Bu nedenle, NULL de\u011ferlerinin say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 anlamak, verilerinizin kalitesini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir m\u00fc\u015fteri tablosunda <code class=\"language-\">telefon_numaras\u0131<\/code> s\u00fctununda y\u00fcksek oranda NULL de\u011feri olmas\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fteri bilgilerinin eksik oldu\u011funu ve bu eksikli\u011fin i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini nas\u0131l etkileyebilece\u011fini g\u00f6sterir.  Bu bilgiyi kullanarak veri toplama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinizi iyile\u015ftirebilir ve daha do\u011fru sonu\u00e7lar elde edebilirsiniz.  Ayr\u0131ca, veri temizleme ve veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc stratejilerinizi geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in de \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>PostgreSQL&#8217;de NULL De\u011ferlerini Sayman\u0131n Temel Y\u00f6ntemleri: Ad\u0131m Ad\u0131m Uygulama<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>En basit y\u00f6ntem, <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(*)<\/code> ile t\u00fcm sat\u0131r say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 hesaplay\u0131p, <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(column_name)<\/code> ile NULL olmayan sat\u0131r say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kararak NULL say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 bulmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">musteriler<\/code> adl\u0131 bir tablomuz olsun ve bu tabloda <code class=\"language-\">telefon<\/code> s\u00fctunu bulunuyor olsun.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT \n    COUNT(*) AS toplam_satir_sayisi,\n    COUNT(telefon) AS telefon_var_satir_sayisi,\n    COUNT(*) - COUNT(telefon) AS null_telefon_sayisi\nFROM musteriler;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu sorgu, toplam sat\u0131r say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131, telefon numaras\u0131 olan sat\u0131r say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve telefon numaras\u0131 NULL olan sat\u0131r say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 verir.  Bu y\u00f6ntem, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck tablolar i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a etkili ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olsa da, b\u00fcy\u00fck tablolar i\u00e7in performans sorunlar\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.  Daha b\u00fcy\u00fck tablolar i\u00e7in optimizasyon tekniklerine ihtiya\u00e7 duyulabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Daha Karma\u015f\u0131k Ko\u015fullar \u0130\u00e7in CASE \u0130fadeleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code class=\"language-\">CASE<\/code> ifadeleri, daha karma\u015f\u0131k ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda NULL de\u011ferlerini saymam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flar.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, belirli bir kritere uyan sat\u0131rlar aras\u0131ndaki NULL de\u011ferlerini saymak isteyebiliriz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00d6rnek:<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">musteriler<\/code> tablosunda, <code class=\"language-\">sehir<\/code> s\u00fctunu &#8216;\u0130stanbul&#8217; olan ve <code class=\"language-\">telefon<\/code> s\u00fctunu NULL olan m\u00fc\u015fteri say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 sayal\u0131m.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT \n    COUNT(CASE WHEN sehir = '\u0130stanbul' AND telefon IS NULL THEN 1 END) AS istanbulda_null_telefon_sayisi\nFROM musteriler;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu sorgu, <code class=\"language-\">CASE<\/code> ifadesini kullanarak sadece <code class=\"language-\">sehir<\/code> s\u00fctunu &#8216;\u0130stanbul&#8217; ve <code class=\"language-\">telefon<\/code> s\u00fctunu NULL olan sat\u0131rlar\u0131 sayar.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ger\u00e7ek D\u00fcnya \u00d6rne\u011fi: E-Ticaret Veri Analizi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bir e-ticaret \u015firketinin m\u00fc\u015fteri sipari\u015f verilerini i\u00e7eren bir veritaban\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim.  <code class=\"language-\">siparisler<\/code> tablosunda <code class=\"language-\">teslimat_adresi<\/code> s\u00fctunu bulunmaktad\u0131r.  Bu s\u00fctunda NULL de\u011ferlerinin olmas\u0131, m\u00fc\u015fterilerin teslimat adresini belirtmedi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.  Bu bilgileri kullanarak, NULL de\u011fer say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 tespit ederek, teslimat adresini tamamlama oran\u0131n\u0131 hesaplayabilir ve m\u00fc\u015fteri deneyimini iyile\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in stratejiler geli\u015ftirebiliriz.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>SELECT \n    COUNT(*) AS toplam_siparis_sayisi,\n    COUNT(teslimat_adresi) AS adres_bilgisi_olan_siparis_sayisi,\n    COUNT(*) - COUNT(teslimat_adresi) AS adres_bilgisi_olmayan_siparis_sayisi\nFROM siparisler;<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><strong>Performans Optimizasyonu: \u0130ndeksleme ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Veri K\u00fcmeleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmeleri i\u00e7in NULL de\u011ferlerini sayarken performans olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.  Uygun indeksleme, sorgu s\u00fcresini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azaltabilir.  <code class=\"language-\">telefon<\/code> s\u00fctununa bir indeks eklemek, yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rneklerde kullan\u0131lan sorgular\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131 iyile\u015ftirebilir.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"language-sql\"><code>CREATE INDEX idx_musteriler_telefon ON musteriler (telefon);<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Ancak, indeksleme her zaman performans\u0131 iyile\u015ftirmez.  \u0130ndeksin faydas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 indeksleme stratejilerini deneyerek performans testleri yapmak gereklidir.  Ayr\u0131ca,  PostgreSQL&#8217;in sundu\u011fu <code class=\"language-\">EXPLAIN<\/code> komutu, sorgu plan\u0131n\u0131 analiz ederek performans darbo\u011fazlar\u0131n\u0131 belirlememize ve optimizasyon yapmam\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0130leri Seviye Teknikler: Edge Case&#8217;ler ve Farkl\u0131 Veri Tipleri<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>NULL de\u011ferleri, farkl\u0131 veri tipleriyle farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde ele al\u0131nabilir.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, tarih veya zaman veri tiplerindeki NULL de\u011ferler, \u00f6zel i\u015flemler gerektirebilir.  Ayr\u0131ca, baz\u0131 edge case&#8217;ler, \u00f6rne\u011fin, t\u00fcm s\u00fctun de\u011ferlerinin NULL olmas\u0131 durumunda, \u00f6zel dikkat gerektirir.  Bu durumlarda, daha karma\u015f\u0131k SQL sorgular\u0131 veya fonksiyonlar\u0131 kullanmak gerekebilir.  Bu durumlar i\u00e7in <code class=\"language-\">COALESCE<\/code> fonksiyonu, NULL de\u011ferlerine alternatif bir de\u011fer atayarak i\u015flemleri kolayla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL&#8217;de NULL de\u011ferlerini saymak, veri analizi ve veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir ad\u0131md\u0131r.  Bu makalede, farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemleri, performans optimizasyon tekniklerini ve ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya \u00f6rneklerini ele ald\u0131k.  Uygun y\u00f6ntemi se\u00e7mek, veri k\u00fcmesinin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ve performans gereksinimlerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.  <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(*)<\/code>, <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(column_name)<\/code>, <code class=\"language-\">CASE<\/code> ifadeleri ve indeksleme, NULL de\u011ferlerini saymak i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ara\u00e7lard\u0131r.  Ancak, b\u00fcy\u00fck veri k\u00fcmeleri i\u00e7in performans optimizasyonuna dikkat etmek ve <code class=\"language-\">EXPLAIN<\/code> komutunu kullanarak sorgu plan\u0131n\u0131 analiz etmek \u00f6nemlidir.  Unutmay\u0131n ki, verilerinizin kalitesi ve analizin do\u011frulu\u011fu, NULL de\u011ferlerinin do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde ele al\u0131nmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1. <strong><code class=\"language-\">COUNT(DISTINCT column_name)<\/code> fonksiyonu NULL de\u011ferlerini nas\u0131l ele al\u0131r?<\/strong>  <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(DISTINCT column_name)<\/code> fonksiyonu, NULL de\u011ferlerini farkl\u0131 de\u011ferler olarak saymaz.  T\u00fcm NULL de\u011ferler tek bir de\u011fer olarak kabul edilir.<\/p>\n<p>2. <strong>NULL de\u011ferlerini sayman\u0131n en h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemi nedir?<\/strong> En h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u00f6ntem, veri k\u00fcmesine ve indeksleme durumuna ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.  Genellikle, uygun indeksler ile <code class=\"language-\">COUNT(*) - COUNT(column_name)<\/code> y\u00f6ntemi iyi performans g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n<p>3. <strong>B\u00fcy\u00fck bir tabloda NULL de\u011ferlerini sayarken performans sorunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00f6nlenir?<\/strong>  Uygun indeksler olu\u015fturmak, <code class=\"language-\">EXPLAIN<\/code> komutunu kullanarak sorgu plan\u0131n\u0131 analiz etmek ve gerekti\u011finde par\u00e7alama (partitioning) gibi daha geli\u015fmi\u015f teknikleri kullanmak performans sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<p>4. <strong>NULL de\u011ferlerini saymak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka hangi fonksiyonlar kullan\u0131labilir?<\/strong> <code class=\"language-\">COALESCE<\/code>, <code class=\"language-\">NULLIF<\/code> gibi fonksiyonlar, NULL de\u011ferlerini i\u015flemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<p>5. <strong>NULL de\u011ferlerini nas\u0131l ele almam gerekti\u011fine nas\u0131l karar verebilirim?<\/strong>  NULL de\u011ferlerini ele alma stratejiniz, veri kaliteniz, veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gereksinimleriniz ve veri analizi hedeflerinize ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bazen NULL de\u011ferleri doldurmak (imputation), bazen de veri temizli\u011fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda silmek daha uygun olabilir.<\/p>\n<p>Yazar: Fatih Soysal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"# PostgreSQL&#8217;de NULL De\u011ferleri Nas\u0131l Say\u0131l\u0131r? PostgreSQL veritaban\u0131n\u0131zda bir s\u00fct\u00fcndaki NULL de\u011ferlerini sayman\u0131z m\u0131 gerekiyor? Veri analizi, raporlama&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[644],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-25714","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-postgresql","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>PostgreSQL: S\u00fct\u00fcndaki Bo\u015f De\u011ferleri Sayma<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hi\u00e7bir etiketi bulunamad\u0131.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PostgreSQL: S\u00fct\u00fcndaki Bo\u015f De\u011ferleri Sayma\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Hi\u00e7bir etiketi bulunamad\u0131.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-07-12T06:21:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"PostgreSQL: S\u00fct\u00fcndaki Bo\u015f De\u011ferleri Sayma\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-12T06:21:27+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/\"},\"wordCount\":1171,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"articleSection\":[\"PostgreSQL\"],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/\",\"name\":\"PostgreSQL: S\u00fct\u00fcndaki Bo\u015f De\u011ferleri Sayma\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-07-12T06:21:27+00:00\",\"description\":\"Hi\u00e7bir etiketi bulunamad\u0131.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/postgresql-sutundaki-bos-degerleri-sayma\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Anasayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"PostgreSQL: S\u00fct\u00fcndaki Bo\u015f De\u011ferleri Sayma\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Fatihsoysal.com\",\"description\":\"Blog - 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