{"id":24330,"date":"2025-06-17T17:26:29","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T14:26:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascriptte-on-uc-imzalama-ve-arka-uc-dogrulama-okuma-suresi-25-dakika\/"},"modified":"2025-06-17T17:26:29","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T14:26:29","slug":"javascriptte-on-uc-imzalama-ve-arka-uc-dogrulama-okuma-suresi-25-dakika","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascriptte-on-uc-imzalama-ve-arka-uc-dogrulama-okuma-suresi-25-dakika\/","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript’te \u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama ve Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama (Okuma S\u00fcresi: 25 dakika)"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

JavaScript’te \u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama ve Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama (Okuma S\u00fcresi: 25 dakika)<\/p>\n

Dijital d\u00fcnyada g\u00fcvenlik her \u015feyden \u00f6nce gelir. JavaScript uygulamalar\u0131nda verilerin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Bu makalede, bu iki temel kavram\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m, ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya \u00f6rnekleriyle ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Hem yeni ba\u015flayanlar hem de deneyimli geli\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 bilgiler bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n

\u00d6n u\u00e7 imzalama, istemci taraf\u0131nda verilerin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmedi\u011finden emin olmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu, verilerin g\u00f6nderilmeden \u00f6nce bir hash fonksiyonu ile i\u015flenmesi ve bu hash de\u011ferinin de verilerle birlikte g\u00f6nderilmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. Arka u\u00e7, al\u0131nan verilerin hash de\u011ferini hesaplar ve \u00f6n u\u00e7tan gelen hash de\u011feriyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. E\u011fer e\u015fle\u015fmezse, veriler yolda de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f demektir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin, bir form g\u00f6nderirken, form verilerinin hash de\u011ferini hesaplay\u0131p, bu de\u011feri gizli bir alan i\u00e7ine ekleyebilirsiniz. Arka u\u00e7, ayn\u0131 hash fonksiyonunu kullanarak verilerin hash de\u011ferini hesaplar ve iki de\u011feri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntem, basit bir g\u00fcvenlik katman\u0131 ekler ve veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korur.<\/p>\n

\u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama \u0130\u00e7in JavaScript Kod \u00d6rne\u011fi<\/h3>\n
\nfunction hesaplaHash(veri) {\n  \/\/ SHA-256 hash fonksiyonunu kullanarak hash de\u011feri hesaplan\u0131r.\n  \/\/ Daha g\u00fcvenli hash fonksiyonlar\u0131 da tercih edilebilir.\n  const hash = CryptoJS.SHA256(veri).toString();\n  return hash;\n}\n\n\/\/ Form verilerini al\u0131r ve hash de\u011ferini hesaplar\nconst formVerileri = document.getElementById(\"myForm\").elements;\nlet veri = \"\";\nfor (let i = 0; i < formVerileri.length; i++) {\n  veri += formVerileri[i].value;\n}\nconst hashDegeri = hesaplaHash(veri);\n\n\/\/ Hash de\u011ferini gizli bir alana ekler.\ndocument.getElementById(\"hash\").value = hashDegeri;\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n
Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama Nas\u0131l Yap\u0131l\u0131r?<\/h2>\n
Arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama, \u00f6n u\u00e7tan gelen verilerin do\u011frulu\u011funu ve b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc teyit eder.  \u00d6n u\u00e7 imzalama ile birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda,  g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artar. Arka u\u00e7, al\u0131nan verilerin hash de\u011ferini hesaplar ve \u00f6n u\u00e7tan gelen hash de\u011feri ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r.  E\u011fer e\u015fle\u015fmezse, bir hata mesaj\u0131 g\u00f6sterilir veya i\u015flem iptal edilir. Bu a\u015famada, yetkisiz eri\u015fimi engellemek i\u00e7in yetkilendirme kontrolleri de uygulanabilir.<\/p>\n
Arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama, \u00e7e\u015fitli programlama dilleri ve k\u00fct\u00fcphaneler kullan\u0131larak ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir.  Node.js ve Express.js gibi teknolojiler,  g\u00fcvenli arka u\u00e7 uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in idealdir.  Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in [bu rehberi](https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com) inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama \u0130\u00e7in Node.js \u00d6rne\u011fi (\u00d6rnek -  Ger\u00e7ek hayatta daha kapsaml\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r)<\/h3>\n
\nconst express = require('express');\nconst CryptoJS = require('crypto-js'); \/\/ SHA-256 i\u00e7in gerekli k\u00fct\u00fcphane\nconst app = express();\n\napp.use(express.json());\n\napp.post('\/data', (req, res) => {\n  const gelenVeri = req.body.data;\n  const gelenHash = req.body.hash;\n\n  const hesaplananHash = CryptoJS.SHA256(gelenVeri).toString();\n\n  if (hesaplananHash === gelenHash) {\n    res.send('Veriler do\u011fruland\u0131.');\n  } else {\n    res.status(400).send('Veriler de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f!');\n  }\n});\n\napp.listen(3000, () => console.log('Sunucu 3000 portunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor.'));\n    <\/code><\/pre>\n
\n        Dikkat:<\/strong>  Bu kod \u00f6rnekleri basit g\u00f6sterimlerdir.  Ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya uygulamalar\u0131nda, daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u015fifreleme algoritmalar\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemleri kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.  Ayr\u0131ca,  giri\u015f do\u011frulama ve yetkilendirme gibi di\u011fer g\u00fcvenlik mekanizmalar\u0131 da eklenmelidir.\n    <\/div>\n
JWT (JSON Web Token) Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/h2>\n
JSON Web Token (JWT), \u00f6n u\u00e7 ve arka u\u00e7 aras\u0131nda g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde bilgi al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan bir standartt\u0131r. JWT, \u015fifrelenmi\u015f bir JSON objesidir ve genellikle kullan\u0131c\u0131 kimlik do\u011frulama ve yetkilendirme i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.  JWT'nin kullan\u0131m\u0131, hem \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama hem de arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Bir JWT, \u00fc\u00e7 b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fur: ba\u015fl\u0131k (header), y\u00fck (payload) ve imza (signature). Ba\u015fl\u0131k, JWT'nin t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc ve kullan\u0131lan algoritmay\u0131 tan\u0131mlar. Y\u00fck, kullan\u0131c\u0131 kimli\u011fi, rol bilgileri gibi verileri i\u00e7erir. \u0130mza, JWT'nin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve sahtecili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
JWT olu\u015fturma ve do\u011frulama i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli JavaScript k\u00fct\u00fcphaneleri mevcuttur.  Bunlardan biri olan jsonwebtoken k\u00fct\u00fcphanesini kullanarak JWT olu\u015fturup do\u011frulayabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
Ger\u00e7ek D\u00fcnya Senaryolar\u0131<\/h2>\n
\u00d6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama, bir\u00e7ok ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya senaryosunda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6deme i\u015flemleri, e-posta do\u011frulamas\u0131 ve dosya y\u00fckleme i\u015flemlerinde veri b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve sahtecili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 korunmay\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.  Bir e-ticaret sitesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnelim; \u00f6deme i\u015flemlerinde kullan\u0131lan verilerin de\u011fi\u015ftirilmemesi \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. \u00d6n u\u00e7 ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama, bu \u00f6nemli g\u00fcvenlik \u00f6nlemini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n
Bir di\u011fer \u00f6rnek ise, online oyunlard\u0131r. Oyun verilerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ve oyun i\u00e7i e\u015fyalar\u0131n sahtecili\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 korunmas\u0131, \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama ile sa\u011flanabilir. Oyun sunucular\u0131, oyuncular\u0131n g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi verileri do\u011frulayarak hile giri\u015fimlerini engeller.<\/p>\n
Performans Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Y\u00f6ntem<\/th>\nPerformans<\/th>\nG\u00fcvenlik<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
Sadece \u00d6n U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama<\/td>\nY\u00fcksek<\/td>\nD\u00fc\u015f\u00fck<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Sadece Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama<\/td>\nOrta<\/td>\nOrta<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama + Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama<\/td>\nOrta<\/td>\nY\u00fcksek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
JWT Kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/td>\nOrta<\/td>\nY\u00fcksek<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\u00d6\u011frenme Yol Haritas\u0131<\/h2>\n
Yeni Ba\u015flayanlar<\/h3>\n
    \n
  • Temel JavaScript ve HTTP kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.<\/li>\n
  • Hash fonksiyonlar\u0131 ve \u015fifreleme hakk\u0131nda temel bilgiler edinin.<\/li>\n
  • Basit \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama \u00f6rnekleri \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Orta Seviye<\/h3>\n
      \n
    • JWT (JSON Web Token) kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenin.<\/li>\n
    • Farkl\u0131 \u015fifreleme algoritmalar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n ve kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n
    • Daha karma\u015f\u0131k uygulamalar i\u00e7in \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama stratejileri geli\u015ftirin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      \u0130leri Seviye<\/h3>\n
        \n
      • G\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tespit etme ve \u00f6nleme tekniklerini \u00f6\u011frenin.<\/li>\n
      • Performans optimizasyonu i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemler ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n.<\/li>\n
      • Asenkron i\u015flemler ve hata y\u00f6netimi konular\u0131nda uzmanla\u015f\u0131n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n
        \u00d6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama, g\u00fcvenli JavaScript uygulamalar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in olmazsa olmaz unsurlard\u0131r.  Bu makalede, temel kavramlar\u0131, uygulamal\u0131 \u00f6rnekleri ve ileri d\u00fczey teknikleri ele ald\u0131k.  Unutmay\u0131n, g\u00fcvenlik s\u00fcrekli bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir ve d\u00fczenli g\u00fcvenlik denetimleri yaparak sisteminizi koruman\u0131z \u00f6nemlidir. Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in [Fatih Soysal'\u0131n web sitesini](https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com) ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n
        S\u0131k\u00e7a Sorulan Sorular<\/h2>\n
          \n
        • Hangi hash fonksiyonunu kullanmal\u0131y\u0131m?<\/strong> SHA-256 veya daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc algoritmalar tercih edilmelidir.<\/li>\n
        • JWT'nin g\u00fcvenli\u011fi nas\u0131l sa\u011flan\u0131r?<\/strong>  G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fifreleme anahtar\u0131 kullanmak ve JWT'yi g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde saklamak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n
        • \u00d6n u\u00e7 imzalama arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulamadan ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak kullan\u0131labilir mi?<\/strong> Hay\u0131r, arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama olmadan \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama tam g\u00fcvenlik sa\u011flamaz.<\/li>\n
        • Performans kayb\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l en aza indiririm?<\/strong>  Verimli algoritmalar se\u00e7mek ve gereksiz i\u015flemlerden ka\u00e7\u0131nmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n
        • G\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00f6nlem alabilirim?<\/strong> D\u00fczenli g\u00fcvenlik denetimleri yapmak, g\u00fcncellemeleri uygulamak ve g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 gidermek \u00f6nemlidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
          Yazar: Fatih Soysal<\/p>\n
          <\/body>
          \n<\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"JavaScript’te \u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama ve Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama (Okuma S\u00fcresi: 25 dakika) Dijital d\u00fcnyada g\u00fcvenlik her \u015feyden \u00f6nce…","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24330","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nJavaScript'te \u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama ve Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama (Okuma S\u00fcresi: 25 dakika)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dijital d\u00fcnyada g\u00fcvenlik her \u015feyden \u00f6nce gelir. JavaScript uygulamalar\u0131nda verilerin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. Bu makalede, bu iki temel kavram\u0131 ad\u0131m ad\u0131m, ger\u00e7ek d\u00fcnya \u00f6rnekleriyle ele alaca\u011f\u0131z. Hem yeni ba\u015flayanlar hem de deneyimli geli\u015ftiriciler i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 bilgiler bulacaks\u0131n\u0131z.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascriptte-on-uc-imzalama-ve-arka-uc-dogrulama-okuma-suresi-25-dakika\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"JavaScript'te \u00d6n U\u00e7 \u0130mzalama ve Arka U\u00e7 Do\u011frulama (Okuma S\u00fcresi: 25 dakika)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dijital d\u00fcnyada g\u00fcvenlik her \u015feyden \u00f6nce gelir. JavaScript uygulamalar\u0131nda verilerin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frulamak i\u00e7in \u00f6n u\u00e7 imzalama ve arka u\u00e7 do\u011frulama kritik \u00f6neme sahiptir. 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