{"id":24300,"date":"2025-06-17T10:45:15","date_gmt":"2025-06-17T07:45:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/"},"modified":"2025-06-17T10:45:15","modified_gmt":"2025-06-17T07:45:15","slug":"selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/","title":{"rendered":"SELinux Temelleri: G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>SELinux Temelleri: G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/p>\n<p>SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux), Linux sistemlerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran bir zorunlu eri\u015fim kontrol (Mandatory Access Control &#8211; MAC) sistemidir.  Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, SELinux, i\u015fletim sisteminin farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerinin birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurabilece\u011fini kontrol ederek, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n sisteminizi ele ge\u00e7irmesini engeller.  Bu, izin verilen ve izin verilmeyen i\u015flemleri titizlikle denetlemesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r.  Ancak, do\u011fru kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek biraz zaman ve \u00e7aba gerektirebilir.<\/p>\n<h2>SELinux Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/h2>\n<p>SELinux,  &#8220;g\u00fcvenlik ba\u011flamlar\u0131&#8221; ad\u0131 verilen bir mekanizma kullan\u0131r. Her dosya, s\u00fcre\u00e7 ve kullan\u0131c\u0131, bir veya daha fazla g\u00fcvenlik ba\u011flam\u0131na atan\u0131r.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir web sunucusunun dosyalar\u0131n\u0131n ve s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin, normal bir kullan\u0131c\u0131 dosyalar\u0131ndan farkl\u0131 g\u00fcvenlik ba\u011flamlar\u0131 vard\u0131r.  Bu ba\u011flamlar, izin verilen ve yasaklanan i\u015flemleri belirleyen kurallar\u0131 i\u00e7erir.  Bu sayede, bir uygulama, yetkisi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir dosyaya eri\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa, SELinux bu i\u015flemi engeller.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6rne\u011fin, bir k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131m sisteminizde bir dosyay\u0131 silmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa, SELinux bu i\u015flemi engeller.  Bu, sisteminizin b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc koruman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.  Sistem g\u00fcvenli\u011finizi korumak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir yap\u0131d\u0131r.  Ayr\u0131ca, izinsiz eri\u015fime kar\u015f\u0131 koruma sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h2>SELinux Modlar\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>SELinux, \u00fc\u00e7 ana modda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Enforcing (Zorlay\u0131c\u0131):<\/b>  SELinux kurallar\u0131 tam olarak uygulan\u0131r.  \u0130zin verilmeyen herhangi bir i\u015flem engellenir.<\/li>\n<li><b>Permissive (\u0130zin Verici):<\/b> SELinux kurallar\u0131 denetlenir, ancak engellenmez.  \u0130zin verilmeyen i\u015flemler hakk\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck kay\u0131tlar\u0131 tutulur, b\u00f6ylece sorunlar\u0131 daha sonra inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/li>\n<li><b>Disabled (Devre D\u0131\u015f\u0131):<\/b> SELinux tamamen devre d\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.  Bu mod, g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a risklidir ve yaln\u0131zca deneyimli kullan\u0131c\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Yeni ba\u015flayanlar i\u00e7in,  sisteminizi g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde test etmek i\u00e7in \u00f6nce &#8220;Permissive&#8221; modunu kullanman\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6neririm.  Daha sonra,  sisteminizin stabil ve g\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan emin olduktan sonra &#8220;Enforcing&#8221; moduna ge\u00e7ebilirsiniz.  Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m,  olabilecek sorunlar\u0131 \u00f6nceden tespit etmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<h2>SELinux Kurulumu ve Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>SELinux genellikle \u00e7o\u011fu Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131nda varsay\u0131lan olarak etkindir.  Ancak,  durumunu kontrol etmek ve yap\u0131land\u0131rmak i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki komutlar\u0131 kullanabilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<pre><code>\n# SELinux durumunu kontrol etme\ngetenforce\n\n# SELinux modunu de\u011fi\u015ftirme (\u00f6rne\u011fin, Permissive moda ge\u00e7me)\nsetenforce 0\n\n# SELinux modunu kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirme (sistem yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da ge\u00e7erli kal\u0131r)\nsed -i 's\/SELINUX=enforcing\/SELINUX=permissive\/' \/etc\/selinux\/config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu komutlar, SELinux durumunu kontrol etmenizi ve modunu de\u011fi\u015ftirmenizi sa\u011flar.  De\u011fi\u015fikliklerin kal\u0131c\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in sistemi yeniden ba\u015flatman\u0131z gerekebilir.  Daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\">fatihsoysal.com<\/a> adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.  Ayr\u0131ca,  sisteminize \u00f6zg\u00fc dok\u00fcmanlara bakman\u0131zda fayda var.<\/p>\n<h2>SELinux ve G\u00fcvenlik<\/h2>\n<p>SELinux,  sisteminizin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131r\u0131r.  K\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlara kar\u015f\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir savunma hatt\u0131 olu\u015fturarak, izinsiz eri\u015fimi \u00f6nler ve sistem b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc korur.  Ancak,  karma\u015f\u0131k bir sistemdir ve do\u011fru kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek zaman alabilir.  Bu rehber,  temel kavramlar\u0131 anlaman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.  Daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in,  Linux da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n dok\u00fcmanlar\u0131na bakman\u0131z\u0131 tavsiye ederim.  Ayr\u0131ca,  \u00e7e\u015fitli online kaynaklar\u0131 da inceleyebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Umar\u0131m bu makale SELinux&#8217;u anlaman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.  Herhangi bir sorunuz varsa, l\u00fctfen yorum yapmaktan \u00e7ekinmeyin.<\/p>\n<p>#Etiketler: SELinux, G\u00fcvenlik, Linux, G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc, SELinux Kurulumu, SELinux Yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131, Sistem G\u00fcvenli\u011fi, Fatih Soysal, Zorunlu Eri\u015fim Kontrol\u00fc, MAC, G\u00fcvenlik Ba\u011flamlar\u0131<\/p>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"SELinux Temelleri: G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r? SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux), Linux sistemlerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran bir zorunlu eri\u015fim&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24300","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SELinux Temelleri: G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux), Linux sistemlerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran bir zorunlu eri\u015fim kontrol (Mandatory Access Control - MAC) sistemidir. Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, SELinux, i\u015fletim sisteminin farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerinin birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurabilece\u011fini kontrol ederek, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n sisteminizi ele ge\u00e7irmesini engeller. Bu, izin verilen ve izin verilmeyen i\u015flemleri titizlikle denetlemesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ancak, do\u011fru kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek biraz zaman ve \u00e7aba gerektirebilir.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SELinux Temelleri: G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux), Linux sistemlerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran bir zorunlu eri\u015fim kontrol (Mandatory Access Control - MAC) sistemidir. Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, SELinux, i\u015fletim sisteminin farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerinin birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurabilece\u011fini kontrol ederek, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n sisteminizi ele ge\u00e7irmesini engeller. Bu, izin verilen ve izin verilmeyen i\u015flemleri titizlikle denetlemesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ancak, do\u011fru kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmek biraz zaman ve \u00e7aba gerektirebilir.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-17T07:45:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"SELinux Temelleri: G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-17T07:45:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/\"},\"wordCount\":600,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/selinux-temelleri-guvenlik-modulu-nasil-calisir\/\",\"name\":\"SELinux Temelleri: G\u00fcvenlik Mod\u00fcl\u00fc Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-17T07:45:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"SELinux (Security-Enhanced Linux), Linux sistemlerinin g\u00fcvenli\u011fini \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde art\u0131ran bir zorunlu eri\u015fim kontrol (Mandatory Access Control - MAC) sistemidir. Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, SELinux, i\u015fletim sisteminin farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerinin birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurabilece\u011fini kontrol ederek, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n sisteminizi ele ge\u00e7irmesini engeller. Bu, izin verilen ve izin verilmeyen i\u015flemleri titizlikle denetlemesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r. 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Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse, SELinux, i\u015fletim sisteminin farkl\u0131 bile\u015fenlerinin birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurabilece\u011fini kontrol ederek, k\u00f6t\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n sisteminizi ele ge\u00e7irmesini engeller. Bu, izin verilen ve izin verilmeyen i\u015flemleri titizlikle denetlemesiyle sa\u011flan\u0131r. 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