{"id":24040,"date":"2025-06-14T18:00:15","date_gmt":"2025-06-14T15:00:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/"},"modified":"2025-06-14T18:00:15","modified_gmt":"2025-06-14T15:00:15","slug":"sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/","title":{"rendered":"SQLAlchemy&#8217;de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>SQLAlchemy&#8217;de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim?<\/p>\n<p>Python ile veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde SQLAlchemy olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane.  Ancak, SQLAlchemy&#8217;nin sundu\u011fu iki temel yakla\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r: Nesne-\u0130li\u015fkisel E\u015fleme (ORM) ve ham SQL sorgular\u0131.  Hangisinin projeniz i\u00e7in daha uygun oldu\u011funu anlamak, verimli ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir kod taban\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu makalede, ORM ve ham SQL yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak size se\u00e7im yapman\u0131zda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/p>\n<h2>Nesne-\u0130li\u015fkisel E\u015fleme (ORM) Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>ORM, veritaban\u0131 tablolarn\u0131z\u0131 Python nesnelerine e\u015fleyerek, veritaban\u0131 etkile\u015fimlerini daha Pythonik ve daha okunabilir hale getirir. SQLAlchemy&#8217;nin ORM katman\u0131, SQL sorgular\u0131n\u0131 otomatik olarak olu\u015fturarak ve y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in kullanabilece\u011finiz bir dizi fonksiyon sunar.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir veri kayd\u0131 eklemek i\u00e7in SQL sorgular\u0131 yazmak yerine,  Python nesnelerini kullanarak i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilirsiniz.  Bu, kodun daha okunabilir ve bak\u0131m\u0131 daha kolay olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bununla birlikte, ORM&#8217;nin otomatik olarak \u00fcretti\u011fi SQL sorgular\u0131, her zaman en verimli sorgular olmayabilir. \u00d6zellikle karma\u015f\u0131k sorgularda, performans kayb\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Ham SQL Sorgular\u0131 Nedir?<\/h2>\n<p>Ham SQL sorgular\u0131, do\u011frudan veritaban\u0131na SQL sorgular\u0131 g\u00f6ndermenizi sa\u011flar. Bu yakla\u015f\u0131m, ORM&#8217;ye k\u0131yasla daha fazla kontrol ve esneklik sunar. Karma\u015f\u0131k sorgular\u0131 optimize etmek veya veritaban\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zel \u00f6zelliklerini kullanmak istedi\u011finizde, ham SQL sorgular\u0131 kullanmak daha etkili olabilir. Ancak, bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n dezavantaj\u0131, kodun daha az okunabilir ve bak\u0131m\u0131 daha zor olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, SQL enjeksiyonuna kar\u015f\u0131 daha savunmas\u0131zd\u0131r. Bu nedenle, g\u00fcvenlik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan dikkatli olunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>ORM mi, Raw SQL mi? Karar Verme S\u00fcreci<\/h2>\n<p>\u0130deal yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 se\u00e7mek, projenizin ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.  Basit CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) i\u015flemleri i\u00e7in ORM genellikle yeterlidir.  Okunabilirli\u011fi ve geli\u015ftirme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.  Ancak, karma\u015f\u0131k sorgular veya performans kritik uygulamalar i\u00e7in ham SQL sorgular\u0131 daha uygun olabilir.  Bu durumda, performans optimizasyonu i\u00e7in daha fazla kontrol sa\u011flar.  Genellikle k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ve orta \u00f6l\u00e7ekli projelerde ORM tercih edilirken, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve performans odakl\u0131 projelerde ham SQL daha yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131l\u0131r.  Do\u011fru se\u00e7imi yapabilmek i\u00e7in, her iki y\u00f6ntemin art\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 ve eksilerini dikkatlice de\u011ferlendirmeniz \u00f6nemlidir.  Sonu\u00e7 olarak, en iyi yakla\u015f\u0131m her zaman projenizin \u00f6zel gereksinimlerine ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6rnekler<\/h2>\n<p>\u0130\u015fte SQLAlchemy&#8217;de ORM ve ham SQL kullan\u0131m\u0131na dair basit \u00f6rnekler:<\/p>\n<h3>ORM \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\nfrom sqlalchemy import create_engine, Column, Integer, String\nfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, declarative_base\n\n# Veritaban\u0131 ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131\nengine = create_engine('sqlite:\/\/\/:memory:')\nBase = declarative_base()\n\n# Model tan\u0131m\u0131\nclass User(Base):\n    __tablename__ = 'users'\n    id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True)\n    name = Column(String)\n\nBase.metadata.create_all(engine)\nSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)\nsession = Session()\n\n# Yeni kullan\u0131c\u0131 ekleme\nnew_user = User(name='Fatih Soysal')\nsession.add(new_user)\nsession.commit()\n\n# Kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 sorgulama\nusers = session.query(User).all()\nfor user in users:\n    print(user.name)\n\nsession.close()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>Ham SQL \u00d6rne\u011fi:<\/h3>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">\nfrom sqlalchemy import text\nfrom sqlalchemy import create_engine\n\nengine = create_engine('sqlite:\/\/\/:memory:')\nwith engine.connect() as conn:\n    conn.execute(text(\"CREATE TABLE users (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT)\"))\n    conn.execute(text(\"INSERT INTO users (name) VALUES (:name)\"), name='Fatih Soysal')\n    result = conn.execute(text(\"SELECT name FROM users\")).fetchall()\n    for row in result:\n        print(row.name)\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekler, ORM ve ham SQL&#8217;in kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.  Hangisinin projeniz i\u00e7in daha uygun oldu\u011funa karar vermeden \u00f6nce, her iki y\u00f6ntemi de dikkatlice de\u011ferlendirin. Daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\">fatihsoysal.com<\/a> adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz. <\/p>\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p>SQLAlchemy&#8217;de ORM ve ham SQL, veritaban\u0131 etkile\u015fimleri i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar sunar.  Hangisinin se\u00e7ilece\u011fi, projenizin karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, performans gereksinimleri ve geli\u015ftirici tercihleri gibi fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.  Bu makale, bu iki yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak size do\u011fru se\u00e7imi yapman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>#Etiketler: SQLAlchemy, ORM, Raw SQL, Veritaban\u0131, Python, Programlama, Performans, Optimizasyon, SQL Sorgular\u0131, Nesne-\u0130li\u015fkisel E\u015fleme, Fatih Soysal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"SQLAlchemy&#8217;de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim? Python ile veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde SQLAlchemy olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane. Ancak,&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-24040","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>SQLAlchemy&#039;de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Python ile veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde SQLAlchemy olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane. Ancak, SQLAlchemy&#039;nin sundu\u011fu iki temel yakla\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r: Nesne-\u0130li\u015fkisel E\u015fleme (ORM) ve ham SQL sorgular\u0131. Hangisinin projeniz i\u00e7in daha uygun oldu\u011funu anlamak, verimli ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir kod taban\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu makalede, ORM ve ham SQL yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak size se\u00e7im yapman\u0131zda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131z.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQLAlchemy&#039;de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Python ile veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde SQLAlchemy olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane. Ancak, SQLAlchemy&#039;nin sundu\u011fu iki temel yakla\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r: Nesne-\u0130li\u015fkisel E\u015fleme (ORM) ve ham SQL sorgular\u0131. Hangisinin projeniz i\u00e7in daha uygun oldu\u011funu anlamak, verimli ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir kod taban\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. Bu makalede, ORM ve ham SQL yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak size se\u00e7im yapman\u0131zda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131z.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-06-14T15:00:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"SQLAlchemy&#8217;de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim?\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-14T15:00:15+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/\"},\"wordCount\":572,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/\",\"name\":\"SQLAlchemy'de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim?\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-06-14T15:00:15+00:00\",\"description\":\"Python ile veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde SQLAlchemy olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane. Ancak, SQLAlchemy'nin sundu\u011fu iki temel yakla\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r: Nesne-\u0130li\u015fkisel E\u015fleme (ORM) ve ham SQL sorgular\u0131. Hangisinin projeniz i\u00e7in daha uygun oldu\u011funu anlamak, verimli ve s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir bir kod taban\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir. 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Bu makalede, ORM ve ham SQL yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak size se\u00e7im yapman\u0131zda yard\u0131mc\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131z.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/sqlalchemyde-orm-ve-raw-sql-karsilastirmasi-hangisini-secmeliyim\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"SQLAlchemy'de ORM ve Raw SQL Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: Hangisini Se\u00e7meliyim?","og_description":"Python ile veritaban\u0131 i\u015flemlerinde SQLAlchemy olduk\u00e7a pop\u00fcler bir k\u00fct\u00fcphane. Ancak, SQLAlchemy'nin sundu\u011fu iki temel yakla\u015f\u0131m vard\u0131r: Nesne-\u0130li\u015fkisel E\u015fleme (ORM) ve ham SQL sorgular\u0131. 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