{"id":22554,"date":"2025-05-30T01:00:19","date_gmt":"2025-05-29T22:00:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/"},"modified":"2025-05-30T01:00:19","modified_gmt":"2025-05-29T22:00:19","slug":"javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/","title":{"rendered":"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m<\/p>\n<p>Merhaba! Ben Fatih Soysal. Bu yaz\u0131da, JavaScript&#8217;te de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131n\u0131 (scope)  anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z.  De\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin nereden eri\u015filebilece\u011fini belirleyen \u00f6nemli bir kavramd\u0131r.  \u00d6ncelikle, farkl\u0131 kapsam t\u00fcrlerini ele alal\u0131m ve bunlar\u0131 somut \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m.  Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kod \u00f6rnekleri kullanaca\u011f\u0131z.  Umar\u0131m bu rehber, JavaScript yolculu\u011funuzda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur!<\/p>\n<h2>JavaScript&#8217;te Kapsam T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n<p>JavaScript&#8217;te temel olarak \u00fc\u00e7 kapsam t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r:  <strong>global, fonksiyon ve blok kapsam\u0131<\/strong>.  \u015eimdi, her birini ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak inceleyelim.<\/p>\n<h3>Global Kapsam<\/h3>\n<p>Global kapsam, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin herhangi bir fonksiyonun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamand\u0131r.  Bu de\u011fi\u015fkenler, kodunuzun her yerinden eri\u015filebilir.  \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">\nlet globalDegisken = \"Ben globalim!\";\n\nfunction benimFonksiyonum() {\n  console.log(globalDegisken); \/\/ globalDegisken'e eri\u015filebilir\n}\n\nbenimFonksiyonum(); \/\/ \"Ben globalim!\" yazd\u0131r\u0131r\nconsole.log(globalDegisken); \/\/ \"Ben globalim!\" yazd\u0131r\u0131r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi, <code>globalDegisken<\/code>, fonksiyonun i\u00e7inde ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kolayca eri\u015filebilir.  Ancak global de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131, kodun okunabilirli\u011fini ve bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.  Bu y\u00fczden, gereksiz yere global de\u011fi\u015fken kullanmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/p>\n<h3>Fonksiyon Kapsam\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Fonksiyon kapsam\u0131, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin bir fonksiyonun i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamand\u0131r. Bu de\u011fi\u015fkenler sadece o fonksiyonun i\u00e7inden eri\u015filebilir.  D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn ki, fonksiyon bir kutu gibidir ve de\u011fi\u015fkenler bu kutunun i\u00e7inde sakl\u0131d\u0131r.  Ba\u015fka fonksiyonlardan veya global kapsamdan bu de\u011fi\u015fkenlere ula\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. \u0130\u015fte bir \u00f6rnek:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">\nfunction benimFonksiyonum() {\n  let fonksiyonKapsamliDegisken = \"Ben fonksiyon kapsam\u0131nday\u0131m!\";\n  console.log(fonksiyonKapsamliDegisken); \/\/ Eri\u015filebilir\n}\n\nbenimFonksiyonum(); \/\/ \"Ben fonksiyon kapsam\u0131nday\u0131m!\" yazd\u0131r\u0131r\n\/\/console.log(fonksiyonKapsamliDegisken); \/\/ Hata verir!\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekte, <code>fonksiyonKapsamliDegisken<\/code> sadece <code>benimFonksiyonum()<\/code> fonksiyonunun i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, fonksiyonun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan eri\u015filemez.  Bu da bir hata mesaj\u0131 \u00fcretir.<\/p>\n<h3>Blok Kapsam\u0131<\/h3>\n<p>Blok kapsam\u0131,  <code>let<\/code> ve <code>const<\/code> anahtar kelimeleriyle tan\u0131mlanan de\u011fi\u015fkenler i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir.  Bu de\u011fi\u015fkenler, tan\u0131mland\u0131klar\u0131 blo\u011fun (<code>{}<\/code> parantezleri aras\u0131) i\u00e7inde eri\u015filebilir.  \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-javascript\">\nif (true) {\n  let blokKapsamliDegisken = \"Ben blok kapsam\u0131nday\u0131m!\";\n  console.log(blokKapsamliDegisken); \/\/ Eri\u015filebilir\n}\n\n\/\/console.log(blokKapsamliDegisken); \/\/ Hata verir!\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki \u00f6rnekte, <code>blokKapsamliDegisken<\/code> sadece <code>if<\/code> blo\u011funun i\u00e7inde tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, blo\u011fun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan eri\u015filemez.  Bu, kodun daha d\u00fczenli ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.  Ayr\u0131ca, ayn\u0131 isimde de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin farkl\u0131 kapsamlarda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na olanak tan\u0131r.  Bu da, kodun daha mod\u00fcler ve bak\u0131m\u0131 daha kolay olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.  Bu durum, \u00f6zellikle b\u00fcy\u00fck projelerde \u00f6nemli bir avantajd\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d6zetle, de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131 JavaScript&#8217;te, de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin eri\u015filebilirli\u011fini d\u00fczenleyen \u00f6nemli bir kavramd\u0131r.  Global, fonksiyon ve blok kapsamlar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak, daha temiz, daha okunabilir ve hata ay\u0131klamas\u0131 daha kolay kodlar yazman\u0131za yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. Daha fazla JavaScript \u00f6\u011frenmek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\">fatihsoysal.com<\/a> adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Umar\u0131m bu a\u00e7\u0131klama faydal\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.  Herhangi bir sorunuz varsa, l\u00fctfen yorumlarda belirtin!<\/p>\n<p>#Etiketler: JavaScript, de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131, scope, global, fonksiyon, blok, \u00f6rnekler, tutorial, rehber, fatih soysal<\/p>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m Merhaba! Ben Fatih Soysal. Bu yaz\u0131da, JavaScript&#8217;te de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131n\u0131 (scope) anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. De\u011fi\u015fken&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-22554","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Merhaba! Ben Fatih Soysal. Bu yaz\u0131da, JavaScript&#039;te de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131n\u0131 (scope) anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. De\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin nereden eri\u015filebilece\u011fini belirleyen \u00f6nemli bir kavramd\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle, farkl\u0131 kapsam t\u00fcrlerini ele alal\u0131m ve bunlar\u0131 somut \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m. Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kod \u00f6rnekleri kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Umar\u0131m bu rehber, JavaScript yolculu\u011funuzda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur!\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Merhaba! Ben Fatih Soysal. Bu yaz\u0131da, JavaScript&#039;te de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131n\u0131 (scope) anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. De\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin nereden eri\u015filebilece\u011fini belirleyen \u00f6nemli bir kavramd\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle, farkl\u0131 kapsam t\u00fcrlerini ele alal\u0131m ve bunlar\u0131 somut \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m. Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kod \u00f6rnekleri kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Umar\u0131m bu rehber, JavaScript yolculu\u011funuzda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur!\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-05-29T22:00:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-29T22:00:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/\"},\"wordCount\":463,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/\",\"name\":\"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-29T22:00:19+00:00\",\"description\":\"Merhaba! Ben Fatih Soysal. Bu yaz\u0131da, JavaScript'te de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131n\u0131 (scope) anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. De\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin nereden eri\u015filebilece\u011fini belirleyen \u00f6nemli bir kavramd\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle, farkl\u0131 kapsam t\u00fcrlerini ele alal\u0131m ve bunlar\u0131 somut \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m. Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kod \u00f6rnekleri kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. 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Umar\u0131m bu rehber, JavaScript yolculu\u011funuzda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur!","og_url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/","og_site_name":"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131","article_published_time":"2025-05-29T22:00:19+00:00","author":"Fatih Soysal","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Yazan:":"Fatih Soysal","Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi":"3 dakika"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/"},"author":{"name":"Fatih Soysal","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1"},"headline":"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m","datePublished":"2025-05-29T22:00:19+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/"},"wordCount":463,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/#respond"]}],"copyrightYear":"2025","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/","name":"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website"},"datePublished":"2025-05-29T22:00:19+00:00","description":"Merhaba! Ben Fatih Soysal. Bu yaz\u0131da, JavaScript'te de\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131n\u0131 (scope) anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. De\u011fi\u015fken kapsam\u0131, bir de\u011fi\u015fkenin nereden eri\u015filebilece\u011fini belirleyen \u00f6nemli bir kavramd\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle, farkl\u0131 kapsam t\u00fcrlerini ele alal\u0131m ve bunlar\u0131 somut \u00f6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klayal\u0131m. Anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 peki\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in kod \u00f6rnekleri kullanaca\u011f\u0131z. Umar\u0131m bu rehber, JavaScript yolculu\u011funuzda size yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur!","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"tr","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/javascript-degisken-kapsami-orneklerle-anlatim\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Anasayfa","item":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"JavaScript De\u011fi\u015fken Kapsam\u0131: \u00d6rneklerle Anlat\u0131m"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/","name":"Fatihsoysal.com","description":"Blog - Yaz\u0131l\u0131m D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Tecr\u00fcbelerim","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"tr"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1","name":"Fatih Soysal","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"tr","@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png","width":512,"height":512,"caption":"Fatih Soysal"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/"},"description":"Kullan\u0131m ve kodlama m\u00fckemmeliyetini odak alan uygulamalar olu\u015fturma deneyimine sahip, profesyonel olarak 15+ y\u0131l \u00fczeri deneyime sahip bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fchendisi.","url":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/author\/fatihsoysal\/"}]}},"yoast_meta":{"yoast_wpseo_title":"","yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"","yoast_wpseo_canonical":""},"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22554","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22554"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22554\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22554"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22554"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22554"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}