{"id":18668,"date":"2025-04-20T07:30:13","date_gmt":"2025-04-20T04:30:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/tarayiciniz-nasil-calisir-dns-http-istegi-dom-cssom\/"},"modified":"2025-04-20T07:30:13","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T04:30:13","slug":"tarayiciniz-nasil-calisir-dns-http-istegi-dom-cssom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/tarayiciniz-nasil-calisir-dns-http-istegi-dom-cssom\/","title":{"rendered":"Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: DNS, HTTP \u0130ste\u011fi, DOM, CSSOM"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: DNS, HTTP \u0130ste\u011fi, DOM, CSSOM<\/p>\n<p>\u0130nternette gezinirken, bir web sayfas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n arka planda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi karma\u015f\u0131k i\u015flemleri hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc?  Bu makalede, web sayfas\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131za ula\u015fma s\u00fcrecini, DNS&#8217;den DOM ve CSSOM&#8217;a kadar ad\u0131m ad\u0131m inceleyece\u011fiz.  Anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fczere, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 olduk\u00e7a detayl\u0131d\u0131r.  \u00d6ncelikle, basit bir web sitesi ziyaretini ele alal\u0131m. <\/p>\n<h2>1. DNS (Domain Name System): Adres \u00c7evirme<\/h2>\n<p>Bir web sitesinin adresini yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda (\u00f6rne\u011fin,  <code>fatihsoysal.com<\/code>), taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z \u00f6ncelikle bu adresin IP adresine \u00e7evirmesi gerekir.  \u0130\u015fte burada DNS devreye girer. DNS, insan taraf\u0131ndan okunabilir domain adlar\u0131n\u0131, bilgisayarlar\u0131n anlayabilece\u011fi IP adreslerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir sistemdir.  Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z \u00f6ncelikle yerel DNS sunucular\u0131na, ard\u0131ndan \u00fcst d\u00fczey DNS sunucular\u0131na istek g\u00f6nderir ve nihayetinde ilgili web sunucusunun IP adresini al\u0131r.  Bu sayede, taray\u0131c\u0131 do\u011fru sunucuya ba\u011flanabilir. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, DNS olmazsa, internette siteleri ziyaret etmek imkans\u0131z olurdu.<\/p>\n<h2>2. HTTP \u0130ste\u011fi: Sunucuyla \u0130leti\u015fim<\/h2>\n<p>IP adresi al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra, taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) protokol\u00fc kullanarak ilgili web sunucusuna bir istek g\u00f6nderir.  Bu istek, sunucudan istenen web sayfas\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fini talep eder.  \u0130stek, HTTP ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve di\u011fer meta verileri i\u00e7erir.  Sunucu bu iste\u011fi al\u0131r ve i\u015fler.  Ard\u0131ndan, istenen sayfan\u0131n HTML kodunu, resimleri, CSS dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 ve JavaScript dosyalar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren bir yan\u0131t g\u00f6nderir.  Bu i\u015flem, elbette, internet ba\u011flant\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n h\u0131z\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fir.<\/p>\n<h2>3. DOM (Document Object Model): HTML&#8217;in Yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>Sunucudan gelen HTML kodu, taray\u0131c\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan DOM (Document Object Model) ad\u0131 verilen bir a\u011fa\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.  DOM, HTML \u00f6\u011felerinin hiyerar\u015fik bir temsilidir.  Taray\u0131c\u0131, bu a\u011fa\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak sayfan\u0131n i\u00e7eri\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcler.  DOM, JavaScript ile etkile\u015fim kurarak dinamik i\u00e7erik olu\u015fturulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve sayfan\u0131n davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesini sa\u011flar. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir butona t\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda sayfada bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik olmas\u0131, DOM&#8217;un JavaScript ile etkile\u015fimi sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. <\/p>\n<h2>4. CSSOM (CSS Object Model): Sayfan\u0131n Stilini Belirleme<\/h2>\n<p>CSSOM (CSS Object Model), CSS kodunun DOM ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak sayfan\u0131n stilini belirledi\u011fi bir yap\u0131d\u0131r.  CSSOM, sayfan\u0131n renklerini, yaz\u0131 tiplerini, yerle\u015fimini ve di\u011fer g\u00f6rsel \u00f6zelliklerini tan\u0131mlar.  CSSOM, DOM ile birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak, taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n sayfay\u0131 nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyece\u011fini belirler.  DOM&#8217;dan ayr\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemez.  Asl\u0131nda,  DOM ve CSSOM birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak sayfan\u0131n son halini olu\u015ftururlar. <\/p>\n<h2>Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p>Bir web sayfas\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131zda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesi, DNS, HTTP istekleri, DOM ve CSSOM&#8217;un karma\u015f\u0131k bir etkile\u015fimidir.  Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, internetin temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan birini olu\u015fturur ve web geli\u015ftirme i\u00e7in anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.  Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in,  <a href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\">fatihsoysal.com<\/a> sitesini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>Daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kaynaklar\u0131 inceleyebilirsiniz:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/developer.mozilla.org\/en-US\/docs\/Web\/API\/Document_Object_Model\">Mozilla Developer Network &#8211; DOM<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.w3.org\/TR\/CSSOM-1\/\">W3C &#8211; CSS Object Model<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>#Etiketler: Taray\u0131c\u0131, DNS, HTTP, DOM, CSSOM, Web Geli\u015ftirme, \u0130nternet, Web Sitesi, Fatih Soysal<\/p>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: DNS, HTTP \u0130ste\u011fi, DOM, CSSOM \u0130nternette gezinirken, bir web sayfas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n arka planda&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18668","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: DNS, HTTP \u0130ste\u011fi, DOM, CSSOM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0130nternette gezinirken, bir web sayfas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n arka planda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi karma\u015f\u0131k i\u015flemleri hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc? Bu makalede, web sayfas\u0131n\u0131n taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131za ula\u015fma s\u00fcrecini, DNS&#039;den DOM ve CSSOM&#039;a kadar ad\u0131m ad\u0131m inceleyece\u011fiz. Anlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00fczere, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 olduk\u00e7a detayl\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6ncelikle, basit bir web sitesi ziyaretini ele alal\u0131m.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/tarayiciniz-nasil-calisir-dns-http-istegi-dom-cssom\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r: DNS, HTTP \u0130ste\u011fi, DOM, CSSOM\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0130nternette gezinirken, bir web sayfas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n arka planda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011fi karma\u015f\u0131k i\u015flemleri hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcn\u00fcz m\u00fc? 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