{"id":18347,"date":"2025-04-16T23:00:14","date_gmt":"2025-04-16T20:00:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/"},"modified":"2025-04-16T23:00:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-16T20:00:14","slug":"erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/","title":{"rendered":"Eri\u015fim Belirleyiciler: Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlaman\u0131n Temeli"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>Eri\u015fim Belirleyiciler: Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlaman\u0131n Temeli<\/p>\n<p>Nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlama (OOP) paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan eri\u015fim belirleyiciler, s\u0131n\u0131f \u00fcyelerine (\u00f6zellikler ve metotlar) eri\u015fimi kontrol etmemizi sa\u011flar.  Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, kodun farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden bu \u00fcyelere nas\u0131l eri\u015filebilece\u011fini belirler. Bu, veri gizleme (encapsulation) prensibinin uygulanmas\u0131nda kritik bir rol oynar ve kodun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, bak\u0131m\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7 detaylar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015filemez hale getirerek, beklenmedik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden kaynaklanabilecek hatalar\u0131 \u00f6nleyebiliriz.<\/p>\n<h2>Eri\u015fim Belirleyici T\u00fcrleri<\/h2>\n<p>Genel olarak kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 ana eri\u015fim belirleyici t\u00fcr\u00fc vard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<h3>1. Public (Genel)<\/h3>\n<p>Public eri\u015fim belirleyicisine sahip \u00fcyeler, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n hem i\u00e7inden hem de d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan eri\u015filebilir.  Bu, herhangi bir k\u0131s\u0131tlama olmadan bu \u00fcyelere ula\u015f\u0131labilece\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir.  \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n public bir metodu, di\u011fer s\u0131n\u0131flar taraf\u0131ndan do\u011frudan \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n<h3>2. Private (\u00d6zel)<\/h3>\n<p>Private eri\u015fim belirleyicisine sahip \u00fcyeler sadece tan\u0131mland\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7inden eri\u015filebilir. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015fim m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir. Bu, veri gizlemeyi sa\u011flamak ve s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.  Bu sayede, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fikliklerin, s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 kullanan di\u011fer kodlar\u0131 etkileme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.  Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, daha sa\u011flam bir kod mimarisi olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n<h3>3. Protected (Koruma Alt\u0131nda)<\/h3>\n<p>Protected eri\u015fim belirleyicisine sahip \u00fcyeler, tan\u0131mland\u0131klar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7inden ve ayn\u0131 paket i\u00e7indeki alt s\u0131n\u0131flar taraf\u0131ndan eri\u015filebilir.  Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle,  s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n kendisinin ve miras ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n \u00f6zel \u00fcyelerine eri\u015fim sa\u011flar. Bu, miras mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rken, alt s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n baz s\u0131n\u0131ftaki belirli \u00fcyelere eri\u015fmesine izin verilirken, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015fimi k\u0131s\u0131tlar.  Yani,  hem gizlemeyi hem de miras alma esnekli\u011fini bir arada sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n<h2>Eri\u015fim Belirleyicilerin \u00d6nemi<\/h2>\n<p>Eri\u015fim belirleyiciler, nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlamada bir\u00e7ok fayda sa\u011flar.  \u00d6ncelikle, veri gizlemeyi sa\u011flayarak kodun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini art\u0131r\u0131rlar.  Ayr\u0131ca, s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olarak, bak\u0131m ve geli\u015ftirmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131rlar.  Sonu\u00e7 olarak, daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r, daha mod\u00fcler ve daha s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kod yazmam\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flarlar.<\/p>\n<h2>\u00d6rnekler (Java)<\/h2>\n<pre><code>\npublic class \u00d6rnekS\u0131n\u0131f {\n    private int \u00f6zelDe\u011fi\u015fken;\n    protected String korumal\u0131De\u011fi\u015fken;\n    public double genelDe\u011fi\u015fken;\n\n    public void birMetot() {\n        \/\/B\u00fct\u00fcn de\u011fi\u015fkenlere eri\u015fim\n    }\n}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Yukar\u0131daki Java \u00f6rne\u011finde,  \u00f6zelDe\u011fi\u015fken sadece \u00d6rnekS\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7inde eri\u015filebilirken, korumal\u0131De\u011fi\u015fken  \u00d6rnekS\u0131n\u0131f ve onun alt s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan, genelDe\u011fi\u015fken ise her yerden eri\u015filebilir.<\/p>\n<p>Daha detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\">fatihsoysal.com<\/a> adresini ziyaret edebilirsiniz.  Ayr\u0131ca,  konu ile ilgili daha fazla kaynak i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/dev.to\/sugumar_r_a5f301adf1fb49a\/access-modifier-5c53\">buraya<\/a> bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>#Etiketler<br \/>\n#Eri\u015fimBelirleyiciler #AccessModifiers #OOP #NesneY\u00f6nelimliProgramlama #Private #Public #Protected #Java #C++ #Python #VeriGizleme #Encapsulation #Yaz\u0131l\u0131mGeli\u015ftirme<\/p>\n<p><\/body><br \/>\n<\/html><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Eri\u015fim Belirleyiciler: Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlaman\u0131n Temeli Nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlama (OOP) paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan eri\u015fim belirleyiciler, s\u0131n\u0131f&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-18347","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Eri\u015fim Belirleyiciler: Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlaman\u0131n Temeli<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlama (OOP) paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan eri\u015fim belirleyiciler, s\u0131n\u0131f \u00fcyelerine (\u00f6zellikler ve metotlar) eri\u015fimi kontrol etmemizi sa\u011flar. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, kodun farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden bu \u00fcyelere nas\u0131l eri\u015filebilece\u011fini belirler. Bu, veri gizleme (encapsulation) prensibinin uygulanmas\u0131nda kritik bir rol oynar ve kodun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, bak\u0131m\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7 detaylar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015filemez hale getirerek, beklenmedik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden kaynaklanabilecek hatalar\u0131 \u00f6nleyebiliriz.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Eri\u015fim Belirleyiciler: Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlaman\u0131n Temeli\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlama (OOP) paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan eri\u015fim belirleyiciler, s\u0131n\u0131f \u00fcyelerine (\u00f6zellikler ve metotlar) eri\u015fimi kontrol etmemizi sa\u011flar. 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Bu, veri gizleme (encapsulation) prensibinin uygulanmas\u0131nda kritik bir rol oynar ve kodun g\u00fcvenli\u011fini, bak\u0131m\u0131 ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n i\u00e7 detaylar\u0131n\u0131 d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan eri\u015filemez hale getirerek, beklenmedik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerden kaynaklanabilecek hatalar\u0131 \u00f6nleyebiliriz.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-04-16T20:00:14+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"Eri\u015fim Belirleyiciler: Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlaman\u0131n Temeli\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-16T20:00:14+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/\"},\"wordCount\":538,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/erisim-belirleyiciler-nesne-yonelimli-programlamanin-temeli\/\",\"name\":\"Eri\u015fim Belirleyiciler: Nesne Y\u00f6nelimli Programlaman\u0131n Temeli\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-16T20:00:14+00:00\",\"description\":\"Nesne y\u00f6nelimli programlama (OOP) paradigmas\u0131n\u0131n temel ta\u015flar\u0131ndan biri olan eri\u015fim belirleyiciler, s\u0131n\u0131f \u00fcyelerine (\u00f6zellikler ve metotlar) eri\u015fimi kontrol etmemizi sa\u011flar. 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