{"id":17308,"date":"2025-04-06T04:00:13","date_gmt":"2025-04-06T01:00:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/"},"modified":"2025-04-06T04:00:13","modified_gmt":"2025-04-06T01:00:13","slug":"programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/","title":{"rendered":"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/p>\n<p>Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn programlamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131, yerel ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz.  Bu kavramlar, kodlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n organizasyonunu, okunabilirli\u011fini ve hata ay\u0131klama s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan etkiler.  \u00d6ncelikle, her iki de\u011fi\u015fken t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 tan\u0131yarak ba\u015flayal\u0131m.  Ard\u0131ndan, aralar\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m \u00f6rneklerini ele alarak konuyu daha iyi kavraman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131m.<\/p>\n<h2>Yerel De\u011fi\u015fkenler (Local Variables)<\/h2>\n<p>Yerel de\u011fi\u015fkenler, bir fonksiyon veya blok i\u00e7erisinde tan\u0131mlanan ve yaln\u0131zca o fonksiyon veya blo\u011fun kapsam\u0131 i\u00e7inde eri\u015filebilen de\u011fi\u015fkenlerdir.  Fonksiyonun veya blo\u011fun d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bu de\u011fi\u015fkenlere eri\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsan\u0131z, hata al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.  Bu durum, kodun daha mod\u00fcler ve anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.  \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc yerel de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin kapsam\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan, farkl\u0131 fonksiyonlarda ayn\u0131 isimde de\u011fi\u015fken kullanabilirsiniz.  Bu durum, adland\u0131rma konusunda esneklik sa\u011flar ve olas\u0131 \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00f6nler. \u00d6rne\u011fin;<\/p>\n<pre><code>\nfunction \u00f6rnekFonksiyon() {\n  var yerelDegisken = 10; \n  console.log(yerelDegisken); \/\/ 10 yazd\u0131r\u0131r\n}\n\n\u00f6rnekFonksiyon();\nconsole.log(yerelDegisken); \/\/ Hata: yerelDegisken tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>G\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz gibi, <code>yerelDegisken<\/code> yaln\u0131zca <code>\u00f6rnekFonksiyon()<\/code> i\u00e7inde ge\u00e7erlidir.  Fonksiyonun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda eri\u015fmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bir hata ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131r\u0131z. Bu, kodun daha g\u00fcvenli ve bak\u0131m\u0131 kolay olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.  Yerel de\u011fi\u015fkenler, program\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinde ayn\u0131 isimle de\u011fi\u015fkenleri kullanman\u0131z\u0131 engeller ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla kodun daha organize olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.  Ayr\u0131ca, yerel de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin bellek y\u00f6netimi de daha kolayd\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc fonksiyon tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda otomatik olarak bellekten temizlenirler.<\/p>\n<h2>K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler (Global Variables)<\/h2>\n<p>K\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenler ise, herhangi bir fonksiyon veya blo\u011fun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanan ve program\u0131n t\u00fcm b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden eri\u015filebilen de\u011fi\u015fkenlerdir.  Bu de\u011fi\u015fkenlere program\u0131n her yerinden ula\u015fabilir ve de\u011ferlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz.  Ancak, k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131, kodun okunabilirli\u011fini ve bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rabilir.  Ayr\u0131ca, beklenmedik hatalara yol a\u00e7abilir.  \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, bir fonksiyonun k\u00fcresel bir de\u011fi\u015fkeni de\u011fi\u015ftirmesi, program\u0131n ba\u015fka bir yerinde beklenmedik sonu\u00e7lara yol a\u00e7abilir.  Bu nedenle, k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131 dikkatlice yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r ve m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yerel de\u011fi\u015fkenler tercih edilmelidir.<\/p>\n<pre><code>\nvar k\u00fcreselDegisken = 20;\n\nfunction ba\u015fkaBirFonksiyon() {\n  console.log(k\u00fcreselDegisken); \/\/ 20 yazd\u0131r\u0131r\n  k\u00fcreselDegisken = 30;\n}\n\nba\u015fkaBirFonksiyon();\nconsole.log(k\u00fcreselDegisken); \/\/ 30 yazd\u0131r\u0131r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Bu \u00f6rnekte, <code>k\u00fcreselDegisken<\/code>, program\u0131n her yerinden eri\u015filebilir ve de\u011fi\u015ftirilebilir.  <code>ba\u015fkaBirFonksiyon()<\/code> i\u00e7indeki de\u011fi\u015fiklik, program\u0131n di\u011fer b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini de etkiler.  Bu durum, b\u00fcy\u00fck ve karma\u015f\u0131k projelerde sorunlara yol a\u00e7abilir.<\/p>\n<h2>Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenlerin Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131<\/h2>\n<p>\u00d6zetle, yerel de\u011fi\u015fkenler kodun daha mod\u00fcler ve okunabilir olmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar,  hata ay\u0131klamay\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r ve bellek y\u00f6netimini basitle\u015ftirir.  K\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenler ise, program\u0131n her yerinden eri\u015filebilir olmalar\u0131 nedeniyle baz\u0131 durumlarda kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 olabilir, ancak a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kodun karma\u015f\u0131kla\u015fmas\u0131na ve hatalara neden olabilir.  \u0130deal yakla\u015f\u0131m, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca yerel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri kullanmak ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlamakt\u0131r.  Bu sayede daha temiz, okunabilir ve bak\u0131m\u0131 kolay bir kod yazabilirsiniz.  Daha fazla bilgi i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\">web sitemi<\/a> ziyaret edebilirsiniz.  Ayr\u0131ca, bu konuda daha fazla bilgi edinmek i\u00e7in <a href=\"https:\/\/dev.to\/sangamithra_k_78d83d6fb9d\/day-15-local-variables-and-global-variables-3gj8\">bu kayna\u011fa<\/a> da bakabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n<p>#Etiketler: Yerel De\u011fi\u015fkenler, K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler, Programlama, JavaScript, Fonksiyonlar, Kapsam, De\u011fi\u015fkenler, Kod Organizasyonu, Hata Ay\u0131klama, Bellek Y\u00f6netimi,  Programlama Dili,  Web Geli\u015ftirme<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn programlamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131, yerel ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri detayl\u0131&hellip;","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_page_header_type":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_page_subscribe_form":"","csco_page_contact_form":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-17308","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"category-genel","7":"cs-entry","8":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v20.5 (Yoast SEO v25.3.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn programlamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131, yerel ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz. Bu kavramlar, kodlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n organizasyonunu, okunabilirli\u011fini ve hata ay\u0131klama s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan etkiler. \u00d6ncelikle, her iki de\u011fi\u015fken t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 tan\u0131yarak ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Ard\u0131ndan, aralar\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m \u00f6rneklerini ele alarak konuyu daha iyi kavraman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131m.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn programlamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131, yerel ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz. Bu kavramlar, kodlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n organizasyonunu, okunabilirli\u011fini ve hata ay\u0131klama s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan etkiler. \u00d6ncelikle, her iki de\u011fi\u015fken t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 tan\u0131yarak ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Ard\u0131ndan, aralar\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m \u00f6rneklerini ele alarak konuyu daha iyi kavraman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131m.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Kodlar\u0131n Gizemli D\u00fcnyas\u0131\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-04-06T01:00:13+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Yazan:\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Fatih Soysal\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tahmini okuma s\u00fcresi\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 dakika\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"headline\":\"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-06T01:00:13+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/\"},\"wordCount\":625,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/#respond\"]}],\"copyrightYear\":\"2025\",\"copyrightHolder\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#organization\"}},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/\",\"name\":\"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2025-04-06T01:00:13+00:00\",\"description\":\"Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn programlamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131, yerel ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz. Bu kavramlar, kodlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n organizasyonunu, okunabilirli\u011fini ve hata ay\u0131klama s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan etkiler. \u00d6ncelikle, her iki de\u011fi\u015fken t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 tan\u0131yarak ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Ard\u0131ndan, aralar\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m \u00f6rneklerini ele alarak konuyu daha iyi kavraman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131m.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Anasayfa\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"Fatihsoysal.com\",\"description\":\"Blog - Yaz\u0131l\u0131m D\u00fcnyas\u0131 Tecr\u00fcbelerim\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"tr\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/002a254750921dcfd568a99e48240dd1\",\"name\":\"Fatih Soysal\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"tr\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/cropped-replicate-prediction-3kgg1hgjn5rgp0cf0p5tr0jw7w-1.png\",\"width\":512,\"height\":512,\"caption\":\"Fatih Soysal\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\"},\"description\":\"Kullan\u0131m ve kodlama m\u00fckemmeliyetini odak alan uygulamalar olu\u015fturma deneyimine sahip, profesyonel olarak 15+ y\u0131l \u00fczeri deneyime sahip bir yaz\u0131l\u0131m m\u00fchendisi.\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/author\/fatihsoysal\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler","description":"Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn programlamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131, yerel ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz. Bu kavramlar, kodlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n organizasyonunu, okunabilirli\u011fini ve hata ay\u0131klama s\u00fcrecini do\u011frudan etkiler. \u00d6ncelikle, her iki de\u011fi\u015fken t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc de ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 tan\u0131yarak ba\u015flayal\u0131m. Ard\u0131ndan, aralar\u0131ndaki farklar\u0131 ve kullan\u0131m \u00f6rneklerini ele alarak konuyu daha iyi kavraman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayaca\u011f\u0131m.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/fatihsoysal.com\/blog\/programlamada-yerel-ve-kuresel-degiskenler\/","og_locale":"tr_TR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Programlamada Yerel ve K\u00fcresel De\u011fi\u015fkenler","og_description":"Merhaba! Bug\u00fcn programlamada s\u0131k\u00e7a kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z iki \u00f6nemli kavram\u0131, yerel ve k\u00fcresel de\u011fi\u015fkenleri detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde inceleyece\u011fiz. 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